~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
һ 
̿ϴһߡ 
һƬĺ򣬺ˮƽ޲·һ޴ľӣ⾵
봣һԲεĵ죬ֲǣдУһ
Ƕھ֮ϡ 
Ȼܶĺ򣬷·֮Уﲢһĵ
Ϊɫӳ֮ɼдɫεݶ;µ¥޲
ʾǮ˲žס¥СĶ߻һͷ
ֱͣһͧͼҿͧʾʱ籣ϵ 
˹ĺۼִʵʩɼȴûƻе
Уһݾ£һݴ峺׵ĺˮϸɳ̲
ïʢһϵ˶ԲҬӣһȴ
⡣ 
ʱֵ峿̫Ѿȫ˺棬߸ߵùں֮䣬
ɫбں߽ϸɳ̲ϣӳһһ˵Ӱ 
ˣʱ䵽ˣȥɽ̽㡭 
ꡭ̣˵Сİֻ꾪ˣһһҪץס
ߣ 
һֻһСãԼĪʮһλȥŶ
ʮ꣬ԲʷӢˬŮһĶȻת
èСѾϸĺ̲ϣŵĳ֮Զһ
߽ںˮĴʯȥ 
СƨɣţٴеģǸŮ
סЦȻҡҡͷ˼ȻһֻƴС
꾲ſڴʯıˮƺͶˮ⣬һҲ
û쵽ܡ 
Ůһת⣬Ҫ׽֮ʽֱһ
ֻһһССذ׼ֱۻ
뺣ˮȵԱߵɳʯʱС걻ˣĽŻ
ٵ 
ѽ̣ﰡС꣬ҡĹĵ 
Ůŭ⣿ͷ㿴ʲôʱ䣿㲻ȥ
׽棬ҵȻô˵ߺߣǷǷ
ٸԳţҪվСʱɡ 
µµһת漴һЦǰסŮʹҡ
̣ҵƯḷ́ˣˣ϶᲻
ÿܷģҲһ߰ģԲԣ 
Ů⻹һ۵ɤǿɰľٶŪġ꡹
һЦ漴һСͷﻣỤ̄
ҪҲҲԣǾǸϽȥɽˡ 
ϣЦӦȰС 
˵ţתѲںˮµذװ˳Ů˫
صվϹЦ⣬ĵСͷһβ㣬ߣ 
˭֪ʰذ׺ûлŮǳעһ
ˮȻƵĴڿЦ 
ŮֺݣһԾȥ󲿷ĺˮˣ
ǻⲻմһ΢ɬĺˮʱֱţ߳
㣬ˣôʰ㣬ܡ 
һʱ䣬ĺϿճЦ֮һһС˶
׷𣬽ˮƽɳ̲Ľӡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
谵ٻɫƹڿки΢Ϣ
žͼĲ˹̺ϵɢҵе˿ӵ˳
˺˵Ů˿࣬˵ڿ㣬Ů˵˿ֵȵȣһ֪
ﾭһҵŮ԰֮ 
ѭЩɢŮ￴ȥмŸ߼˯
Щˣе۴ţڴɫֻ̺ϣ¶
ʵŮ˵ұϣԣһֻź
۴ǹңʹͭɫؼϣ̺ӴҸ´ס˫顣 
Ҳ԰ķ̫ྫԵʣʱ˿ȻѾ
ķ϶˽˯ĺܳһᣬ˯еŮ
ʲôƤ΢΢һ۾ſˣؼ
Ҳ˻һ۾Ȼӡ 
Ůֱڸؿϵ̺Ҳ䣬¶Ƿ
õߣҲǸմֻ̫˶Ůǰֻ
Բε΢΢Щ´Ϻɫͷɫγʾ˵
졣ڳں̲ɹ̫ԵʣŮ˵ԳĿɫ˫
ȴ׵ҫۣԼ߼粿һϸϸðɫѵĹճһ
ֵģ 
Ů˿һ˯ˣ¶һ˿Ҹ΢Цḩȥ
һ˵ĶͷȻ´ּɢڵ̺ϵһɫ˿ۣ
ϣϵȻ˦˦ҵͷش
ǰ 
Ů˫ֽһֻ֣һϸϸûֹ֮
ƺʵصĴɵĳ߷ֿ糿һкҶ
 
ǽһƬɽ֮ϣش⿴ȥ߼ã²
״һƬεĴ󺣣Եĺ淺˵Ĺʣ治ʱкŸ
УȻȴûסŮ˵۹⣬߱
̲ϱֵܴһ˶ǣҫ޵Ӹֳĸ
ԵЦ⡣ 
ţڿʲôأôˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬴ϵѾ
ߵŮ󣬻סСɶ顣 
Ů΢΢ŤŤӣΪǸõ˵ĻȻЦ
Ҳ˰ɣ㿴ƺˣư̵ˣ
Сһ֪˻Ϊǽء 
ǺǣҲŶʮ꣬ʵһ˿ɳ̲
ˣҲɷЦ⡣ 
ŮҸЦݣͷǰ۾ϣ
ڸůʱҲû˵ֻǾ§ס
һ⣬̲顣 
˺һᣬŮĵãһУϣԶ 
ǺǣȻԶһŮ˵Ĳ 
ǡ 
㰡ֺ˼˲ǣɿŮ˫֣ߵ
ߣȻֱסļһָֻŴش̫ƽ֮
УԶҲûԭִɱɱթˣԭ
ЩҸ֪ǻƽģʵϣ
Ѿֵ꣬ǲǣ 
Ů˲˼Цһ£˵˼ϹҲˣ
Ҳ̫ҸˣһޱȵĴԽСԽ
֣̿´ˡ 
㰡ôƸУ˰Ů㷢 
ŮһЦҲ§ס˵ӿϹ˵
ģΪҺĵλֵܣƴµһУ
һ̵СĲ𣿡 
ɵϣҷĶ࣬ջĸడΪʲôҪڣӦø
ҲŶԡ˽Ů§ĸˣ㣬Ͱƣһ
Դһطÿ㣬Ӿɹչԡã
ǰִɱɱʤ֪ٱ˵ʵҪл㣬
ǣһ²뿪ȻԺ绽꣬ȴһ˿
ֵܣǺǣǵҰЩνҵɾͣλ
ǣҷģҲģֶΪ 
ɷͳŮ˵ϸֳĺΣ
ҲԭĲŶ֪ñڵԶӣһ˫Ӻ
ĿɷǷ·ΪҪĸһ˫ɫŽ
ֻԲı۰Ҳ˵Ĳ 
 
˳ûȥϢζһ¹Ů˵ĿǻԺ
ķһ˵һ±ʶ룬
ϣȫĵͶ뵽ཻÿȥ 
ǵͬʱ˫ֲʵŮ˵縡͹ƣ䣬
ǰΣָ縧ٰӹ֮
Ů˵ļһƬһƬɰϸ 
ɫ˿˯ϢĻ䵽Ů˵Ľ£
·һߣʥһ˿֮Ů 
Ϲ𣬱𣬰ǻῴġŮɬ
дŲƵÿС 
İɣɫǿġ˵ţ˶
תŮ˵ӣɲشҫ۵һ½ȫ
յһ© 
Ů˷һУֱҪϣԤϣ
ӺһѱסŮˣֱ۽ѹ̧࣬ 
㣬ţſҡŮߺ죬΢΢Ť 
˵ˣǿŮ˶ߺȻͷ
ǾСɵĶһ¡ 
Ů˻һһ㣬һ¾Ҳ
ȫпϣϢ΢롣 
˽ƻЦˣ֪ŮԸд֮һг̶
˫飬ֻҪʩСŮ˸׳ƳΪΪ 
㡭ǡ 
˭ôأ˵ţ˽
ǰһµӲ̻Ů˵䣬ѨҲ
ˡ 
ĶŪŮ˵ˣ֮Ҳˣ
ԳԵЦţ˿ƳһۣһֻιĲè
˵ͬʱҲ׽סμͻĹߣղٶ 
˫ִŮҸ´ֱסŮ˵ֻ鷿Ȼһֻ
ȫס򣬴Ӷ˿ȥֻܸס֮
λƬѩ׼ָѹı仯ˣͬʱҲŲ
ͷԸоŮ˵ͷԽԽͣԽԽӲ 
Ŷ 
ŮصţﺬĿţҪ
⡭ȥ 
Ů˶ţһ϶ڴŶ໻
òã 
Ů˽ĵðһۣʹ˼صŭ͵
㻨࣬ᡭ 
ķһֺߣֳĻЦȻŮ˵Ĳ
ǵĺغ·ҪƤˮ˳ų΢εļ
׵һ·£Ȼ˵Ҳ£ֱڵϡ 
Ů˷̾ϢǿӲ
Ťţ·ڿʱ򻹲ĥţֱҪ 
˶ڵϣŮ˵βƽ˫ĽŮ˵
߷ֿȥ۾һڣʱһ΢ȵ
ζֱǶˣ̼ؼٷڴɶɣɵ
һ¡ 
ܵ˺ʪԼΪеĲλϣŮֻ
ָоҡͷʶ
ҪҪҡҪ 
ͬʱŮ˸ǲʶβñ;뼫
һ¾УֱͦıŮ˵ι 
ζܰװ˷ѣſ죬ͷһ¶
ŵķʴϲ߾ܵǼǡǡڷʴϣ
ʱʱĹβĥ 
ŮȫֵķУıֱվ
סƵĿӣϰĸˣӶʹƨ̵ߡ 
ɲΪǴֲڵͷŮƬʴм
С϶нȻʱʱһ·϶Χڣ˱Ƭ̣·
һλʳңƷζһȡ 
Ů˼Ҫˣ˵ͷдһ˿ֲڣ
ޱȣ׵ľĿѸٶѻʹڸ
һӲĶ䡣 
ءҪ١򡭡죬죬ҪŮŰ
ǲֱֻزϣ̱ڵˡ 
ƻˣ̧ѱŮڵ֭Ūʪ
վԼٶȻͦӲһ̡һ
Ţⶴֱû 
Ů˱޴ĳ˲ϣѹıƽģ
ʮֹ죬ȻʮֲܣʱŮѾȫ˲ˣ
ͻĳʵһֱǻڸ߳Եϵһ³˶壬ǻڼ
鴤ǿҵÿһʧʶķ
òһˮ 
˴˿ҲƴֱҧأѹסҪĳ嶯Ů
ǻʵ̫խˣһصסͬһֻС
Ľζʵ档 
΢ͣһᣬйˣȴŮ˻ͷ˿Ƴһۣ
Ƶſ죬ʪͷΪɺԵ촽ֲƵЦ
һ¾Ҫе 
ŭðЦϹңôʰС 
ʱйѾ˲٣ǷĴ󵨵Ŀʼ鶯һַס
Ůϸ֫һֽס˶ΰ겢ҲǵĴ׮
ļͦͬʱ߶٣С 
ٶ羪κһŮϯһ˸߹һ˵˷ܸ鲻
Խôķ·ҪȼԼڵĳ
仯ˣʱټŤһʹʱü棬
ԡڴ֮С 
ϣϹáðҪˡŮ
ƴ׶ǰǶԵǰص˦ 
㣬㡭˺귢ţһĴȻ
Ů˺ò˶٣ÿһεĳǻı͹βͷͣ¸
ߣйʼμӿ 
סϹŮ˿ﲻϣ
һ˻Ⱦһε߸һֻ
죬һֱڲϵ˫ֻ£Ҳ̱
ڵصƣֻԾɱ˽һ֮ߣ
Ů˵ĺ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
СԼٹĺϿգֱܺڴǰɵ
һΪǰ׺ͿװֱǼֱǰǼ
ΪСɣһֻ˫Сֱϸ֮¾ͿԿһ
˸װֱڻװʽҵ㣬һװһ
ͦǹһװһ߻䳲 
ֱͬҲ˸װ汾ʮλѾȫ
µõƺװ꣬īɫ߼̺ľΣ
һʽƤɳһžСɵĻΰ̨ڻһǣ̨
ĹϷ˸ƣһһŰ칫ӺǺɫ
Ƥɢźʵ 
ףǺ죡ɳϣһط۵ݳŶ
ȣŵĺٱ 
Ǻǣ죬˹ɳһ׳ʵùͷӦ
ٱ 
߽űﵭɫҺ屻һ˹ְֶýһվ
ұߵһ˴󺺹ýӹӣҪһ𣿡 
˹ʳָҡҡȻĥһƨɣǶԸ
ɳ۾һϴ⣬ʼŶж೤ʱܵ
ﰡ 
ͷæ̧˿ֱˣٹʮӦþ͵ˡ 
ΪʲôѡôһƫƧС 
Ǻǣ˵˵ƺ̵˴ɱɱ
ֵѪӣԾͰᵽôһطˡ 
˹ͷȻĴһָ̧ʳָָԱǸ
˴̻⣬Ӱ̨ϵһֻȡһ֧ѩѣ÷
ָ֮䣬Ϊ˻ 
óһڣ³һȦ˹ٶȿǻ˵ʵڵģ
ǶԶܷȫư˺ϻᲢû̫ġ 
ͷɫȻһ䣬ٿȻվ˹ʲô˼ 
վһɲǣǸվԱߵĺ˴󺺼ǰһµڲ˹
ǰסʱվͱý 
Ŷ㲻Ҫ˹΢΢ӣɫ
۾˸һ˿ĹâңҶԸûж⣡˵գֻӻ
ֵ˹ҪԶ£ 
˴ޱ˵һߣͷҲɳ漴ץԱߵ
ƿҲڱôֱӶ׼ͣӹµµĺһڣ
ȻݺĨһ죬شһ˹ȻңΪʲô
ͬҺ 
Ŷǲǲ㣬෴Ǻĳ⣬
Ҳˣֻǻǲ̫϶ƿ˹Ƶ
յ鱨Ȼǰ˺ϻĻףǰףҲ
Ӱ൱ģͬǵĺƻ
 
ģôܲͬ⣿ͷӶȻ 
˹ʼйоŻвһ򣬾һ
𣿡 
ģ֪Ļ١ͷ޺ţȴ
һЦֺܼᶨ˹һҪ㣬ڰ
ϻĻңֻǰλסȻɷϵǣڵȷ
źӰڰ˺ϻڲҲֻӰҲ˰˺ϻ
ľߡ 
ãҪľǶ̬ȣ˹¶һ˿Ī
Ц⣬һ֮ĺǳģɱ 
ڶ 
һգͷ̧˿ʱ䣬жʮӲܵ֮
˵Ļ˵ˣЦ˹̸Ĳˣ
˵ɡ 
ŶʲôĽĿҪ𣿡˹Ȥ 
Ŀ̸ϣֻеСҪ͸˹ǵ
ɡ 
˹һЦ̫ˣ 
ͷ΢΢һЦģ漴һ죬βյŴˣ
߳һʮͷĽСһɫѩĹȹĽˡ 
Ŷҵ죡˹һ̾ 
ͷӺ˹ķӦЦ˹ô
ﻹɣ 
ŶҺܴܴľϲˣ˹һ˵һſ
ŵƣŶˣĶСʲôʱϷɻģôһ
Ҳ֪ 
֪Ǿûоϲ 
ǡйо仰ʲôʲôƣʲô⣿ 
˶ʱЦڲ˹ߣƽ⡣ 
ԣԣ˹ͷȻתһ§ס˵ļһ
°ͣŶҵСģҵİѩʲôְ 
ĴҽС俣 
ͷһ¾Լ·˲ɵˣﰵģ
ûĻӣ˭ĺƽⰡͶã 
鰵ͷӻ֪Ȥվ߽ǰļʻգһ
ʹһŮ˵Ľߺ˵ĴִͷӲҡҡͷӿڴ
һ̵֧ϣճһڱ㷳 
Ӽʻﲣ⿴ȥһƬεɫĺˮǰƮƮ
Ǿ޴ֱתͳúһжùͷ
еĴǲͣĴ򿪣ϣٴ򿪡 
ͷķȻΪǶѾһŮǼ
Ե磬ղȻ˵նһӣʵԼ
ںͲ˹ļźһʮа˾ǲͬģǴ
ʱѾһ֮ˣҪĿǰֻкһ;
 
ҪǼǸô찡ѵһֵ֮Ҫ
뵽⣬ͷһݣȻģԶҵĴ
磬ҶСˣں£ֻҪҵĿ
ԣһҵģϾ԰˺ϻķչҲġ뵽
¶һ˿˿Ц⡣ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ȴеĺȻֻ磬ѾǶˣԭ
ںƽаĺŸƺ˻⣬㵽֪ĸѨȥˣ
Ͽյģûһ˿硣 
ȵĻ£һֻŶ̿Скȴ»˦ۣ
ʱĻŲԾȻϰһȭĺ鲻ϴͷ
գ˳Ų˦ڵ类ˮ
⣬ 
кʮԶһ£һԲʵŮʱȺţ
ָСкȭͬʱҲżͷ¶Цݡ 
ˣͳ·ǽϢһ£
ϰͶɵŮֵ 
СкһȸԾ˹һƨµĲݵϣץ
һˮӴڴڵĺԱߵŮë˲
ˮͬʱȣվ˶˺̫ˮˣȾͺô࣬
Ȼٺȡ˵ձСкˮ 
̣˵ҸղһȭôСкҸоĲ
֮ôȻϣõŮĿ佱 
Ů΢΢һЦ˵ţмǺܵλ
ȭٶٿһ㣬ߵٸһ͸ˣܵ˵Ѿܲˣ 
СкĸˣǾ̣·û
ȭ·ʵʲкûʲôð 
Ůһɵ˵˭˵·ʵսû 
õĻôϰͼɳСк
˵ 
ŮЦΪͽ·Ĺʵսп
ˣھͲҪϰֵǳ̶ҲͿԲ
ˣ 
ǣʲôʱҰְǸ̶Ȱ 
Ҫڿ첻ڿˣϢˣǿʼ
ɵɣߣ 
һССɽ꣬һľУǰҴ
һŷӵҰ߰ʮССذף·ҫ۵ķ
⣻߷һ֧ͻǹһǹ⻹мС 
Ůߵǰһذ׶СкͶɵҪǰ˵
ˣȸʾһ顣˵գŮŤӱֻۣ
һľеĺȵòһذס 
̣ðСкֵ 
ŮЦЦ˲紵ǰһ㷢Ȼһذ׵ݵС
кǰˣڸˣסǰ˵ЩҪ졣 
Скӹذףǰһ£ȻվΣǰľУС
һеذײ֮ǰŮͶһֱľУǴµĻ
Σذڿûбƽ⣬ʹ֮м⳯ǰǷľУ
ȻҲûľ 
Ůüѵ˵˶ٴˣͶɵһ
ЭǾֱֱۣһҪȣҪ飬Ҫᣬ⣬ӷ
ʱһҪ֪𣿺ˣһ£ 
һСкӵطɵеģˣûŮô׺Ͱ
ذ׷ɳĹ켣ɳµĻΣٵľϡ 
ţУ 
˵գŮͲСкˣԹԵϵǹգ
źϵһǹȴδССкһۣЦĳŮ
˸ȻЦǹ̫á 
ŮûĵһۣЦʲôЦġ 
̣Ҳǹ 
У㻹Сǹ̫Σգ㳤һٽ㣬ͺú
ķɵ 
ǡǺðɡ 
ŮϰǹСкڿɵ˻ȴָ
֡Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ֱһĺŽǵϰϡ 
̣ 
ŮͷֱɻǶˡ 
Ск˵ֵŶǶ壬βִ֪ʲôöˣ 
ʱҲǹˣĿԶȻûһᣬʱ
ڵ㣬ԽԽҲԽԽ죬תۼֱɹ
ǵͷ 
ȥҴʲôöСк˷ܵıҪȥֱĽ
ص㡣 
Ůæסûܷɻ㶡϶
ˣһҪºְȲҪȥˣǼ
˵ٹȥòã 
СкһҲǣǱͷƺãʱҲͶɵͿǹ
ˣһŨ۵ͯŮɤ
ڻύ֯ںɽƮ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ŷʽȻɽ֮ϣڱ֮ǰȴ˹һһ
һ׼ʯ̾͵ƽ֮أƽصķĸ
ֱɻҹ֮á 
ڰֱɻƽϣŴ򿪣ͷӻû
ȷӱһԾ£Ȼվڱſ̨ϵһһŮִ󺰣
ˣ磬ɩӡ 
ȻһҹԼ֮ǰһ԰Ϣ
ʱ䲢࣬˴˿Եȣһɫĳɢ
ɢĴϣŦֻ漸ţʹ֮΢΢¶
ֽʵؼһǳɵİɫ㣬µŵһ˫ͬΪɫ
ϣԵ÷ǳ벻 
ߵŮ˸ջ绨һͷɵ糤
һɫ˿βһԺһ
˿ȹĳеķȣȹһ޳СɢĹ
δЬ࣬ô̤ڴʯĵϡ 
ֱľ޴Լ̨ϵŮͷ˵
ʲôֻЦŻӦŮͬʱȹԷֹ 
ŮϵЦݾʧˣΪǿӻ߳һ
ˣǲʶһһֵĺˣһ֪ࡣ 
˰üµѽô£ôһİ
֪Һܰϲǵģúú˵˵ 
ź֮һ½ݣվ̨ϵ˺Ůüͷ
ˣǰߵǸҰţһĺȻһЩ
˺֮ȴһ˿ζʵЩ 
ӡǲã˶ˣ̨ϵ˺Ů˾ôҲ
һ֮˵ˣ۽⼸˴϶Ҳԭģ
Яֲ̨ףЦݵӭȥ 
磡ͷҲ첽ǰӵһ£Ȼת׶Ů˵
ɩӣ 
Ĺͷӵĺ󱳣Ц˵ۣ
ôҲǰк˵գӵ֮ڹιͷӵĶ
Сô⼸İˣѵ֪ҺɩӲϲ 
Ҳû˵ͼæС磬֪һ
£Ȼ֪ˡ˵꣬ɿ¥ļϵ֣һȻ
ָǸ˵һ¡ 
ŶýˣλһǴİ˺ϻǰ
ɡ˹Цݿ 
ǺǣҴЦǺǵλҵĴɩܰ 
˹ĿܰӣȻ󷢳һ̾Ŷһλ
Ķʶҵң˵ţǰһȥһֻ
סŮ˵֣ŵԼĴһ¡ 
ܰһûŮˣڵҲų⣬
Ȼ΢΢һЦлл 
ʱֱѾȫͣǼܾװװֱҲ
װģ۴īİ˴󺺡 
ܸ൱ԶҲһۿ󺺵װ
һŹҵĶ˵΢֮Ķ²һ
һ㲻õԤС 
ΪŦԼ˰ɰ˺ϻǰףɲһͨ
˿ᵽһ˿ΣյϢҲ˿¶ɫĿŲ˹
Ϲò΢Ц 
磬λǲ˹ǸױĪȼŸܲá۽
 
ĪȼţĬֺ֣İȷ
ǰûǴ 
ã˹첻֡ 
һټ̵ĺ֮һ˲˱һ¥Ĵ£Ů
ܰ˷ֱˮȻ¡ 
磬һβ˹Ҫһ԰ݷɩӣ
뵱̸̸Īȼǰ˺ϻһ¡ 
ǺһЦһһ˵ۣ˺ϻĻ׿
㣬ԼˣҪң˳ 
ֻ֪ǡ£Ρ 
˹ʼ磬˫һ̯ŶҪǸе˵ǻ
˵ˡ˵գһټ㻹֪Īȼ
Űɣ 
쵭һЦ˵ȷˣԸ꣡ 
˹ȻȣĪȼѿƸױǰٷ֮ʮ
Ʒҵ񡭡 
㡸ڡһվصĿŶۣ
ǲմȾƷ 
ȿȡǡʵҲǡţΪ˺ϻĻף
Ҳһ쵱ɴʱǰȴһ˴ĺӡ 
Ϲл˵ֵܰ죬£
ôǵģ۰ѻ˵ꡣ 
۸мĿܰһۣԵŭδۣ֪
ҵģԴӰ˺ϻύǴδԤģҪƷ
ǾԲӦģҵĵߡ 
磬ҡҲǱΰҧҧ磬㲻֪
˺ϻ⻼̲ϱİ̲ҹܻᣬĳҲԽ
ԽҲµ·ӣ˺ϻҪˡ磬˺ϻһ
ģҲϣηɣ 
ɫԽԽôһβǻ˵
˺ϻһоӪ˳ô㣬㾿ôģô
ġ 
Խ˵ԽŭһվԱߵܰϽ£С
Ϲȱ𼤶Ա߻ء 
ôһ˵Ա߻ôһв˹ˣ֪
ݣҲûҪˣ˹
ǰ˺ϻǲǺģǻذɡ 
磬Ϊʲôôִأ̲סվҾͲˣ
ΪʲôͲ˺ϻմȾƷ⣿ǰ˺ϻʲô֯ǺᣬǱ
ţʲô֯ŮûҪʲô֮ģ
Ҫľ׬ǮǮԽܸбԼʵۺ񣬲
ñİ̲ 
ˣһȣȻҲ˺ϻմȾƷ
Ϊʲô£ϵ˺ϻԺķչ 
һ㶣漴ǲмڽϻģһ
Ͳڵϻˡ 
Բں㲻ܲںֵܵΪƽ
һԼǵϻľǿȭͷǹһ
ֻһʱ֮ƣҪþͱϴԼϵĺɫٲܺ͹һ
Ÿɣֻ·һ 
˵ΪͣһᣬƳһŶȣϹһ˿׽
ЦݵĲ˹һƷܷĸҶص
Ķ󣬲˹ǸױҲɣ 
ǺǣǶƷȷܵҲǵװ
Ҳǿ˵ĸױǷװԱǵ⡣ 
üͷһ壬ԣǵ£ûȤֻһֽ
İ˺ϻ᲻Ҫմ϶Ʒ⡣ 
˹һѩѣƵһڣʵɣ
ĪȼѾͶ쵼İ˺ϻὨ˺ϵһ
͹Уʱǰ˺ϻǲ˳ˡ 
ɫĿŶۣ˵ǲģ 
졭硭ҡҲǡ 
ҡҡͷۣ̫ʧˣҽ˺ϻύһ
󡣡 
ۼˣ磬ҡ 
ʲô˵ˡڰֵҲÿ㽫˺ϻ
һԨڰǰ·һȡĪȼŵ
ڶ԰˺ϻǰ׵ٿᣬڻ
׵顣ԼŰɣѡһ 
۳Ĭˣ֪Ƣʵ֮ǰѾԤϵ
ˣһϣڿһϣҲûˣǰ
ֹֻĪȼŵĺ 
˹ѩϵ̻ңЦдһ˿ȡ
̫˵㣿 
Ŀһ۵棿˵ĻԳеġȻ
ˣǻǵʧʵ⳥ġˣ뿪
ϣףһ˵һ߾ָ⡣ 
Ҳ٣˹վǸȻٶŭˣ
һǰȥžһȭ 
˵ͻȻöһæվ𣬱𣬲˹
Ҫ˺ 
˹Զ۵Ļǻδţе³һȻ
ʼ磬Ϊ̯ʾⲻ˼Ϊ 
˵ָ׳߳һͷ첲ϵļСɽһ
߸߷溹ëֱܲһֻһҰǿ׳ 
Ժ̩ɽѹĳԼһȭһҲԵûţЦ
һһɵľͱܿ˺Юһȭ 
Ȼǿ׳Ұţȴ׾һȭգžڶȭ˫
ȭ裬ǰ˵һͣԾţǫ̃̄ϵȭ֡ 
ʮȭһֱûл֣һζıȴ
Եųֵĺ磬˭ҲóΪвһ
ֱ 
ۺʵ֪˸Ķ֣ǰֹ
ò˹ʧȥӣ²̨ȴ飬Ҳֻþˣ
ܰǶԼϹгģȵһҲû¶
ĵɫ 
غ½Ҳûϣ³׼ŭ
һ𣬻ȭٶԼӿ죬ͬʱȲҲˣ¹Χ
ʱΧһЩҾ߼ʲô߷ãŪһƬ
ǽ塣 
3 
һֱܶʵ֪ѶˣΪⳡ
ֻǱ˴˽һ£һ֮⣬Ͼ˫ûʲôޣҲ
öԷ̫ѿɲϴ˺֪֮ҹ֮
ԣǽͷͷ 
ʱһȭϮûܣּ죬磬һ
׽ס˵Ȼ˳ǰһʱ˱㲽ȣӴ
ĵǰȥֱһɳסȥ·ûסŲ
ֱˤ棬ɳĿ˴ˤȻ£Ҳ
͸ˤ˵ϣʵǱ 
Ȼܣ˹ҲûԵ߳ŭվ΢ЦĹ
Ŷй̫ˣ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ 
ۼ˹ûжŭɰ˿æЦ˹
λҲ˵ðҲ磬ңзſ²ɣ
ǣ 
˹Цڶȴζü۰ۣ
ô˵Ҳһ֮ף˷ŵ̬𺦵Ĳˣǰ˺ϻᣬ̫
ǡˣֵҼ뽭ѡߵϲ
һЩĸֵ壬ûпǵڿ۵ȷ
׵ϡ 
Ц֮󣬲˹żйо׻ǿŤĹϲ𣬼
ȻҲֻøƻˣȻҸڴܸı⡣ 
ܣļ֡ 
˹ЦЦðɣһιһĵ죬ڿ
˺Ҳ̫ӭңǾˣҾȸˡ 
һӦе㾪ȣû뵽
ôʹľʹӦֹҪ֪ЩڵϵģǷŶ
ǳǿƶְԵģһǴĳЭȴ;ڣǵȴıؽ
Ͽıʮʮ⳥ʧʧȥ 
Ȼ۵ıǲϣ˹Ӧȡģʵ֮
֪ƾԼ޷˵ͬģ
磬Ϊ˼Īȷţ
ӦȻȴԸΥӾȻҲͬˣûԤеĽһ
ʩѹ 
кʧЩȡ˺ƻĪȼŲ
鷳ԼҲһ鷳֮Уľһʴʽ
Լɵĺڶͨ붾Ʒʽٻݵ; 
ڶ񲻶ʱȴ⴫˹㲻
һŶǿɲŶƻȻȡ滹һЩϸǻ
Ҫ̸Ŷ 
Щ޾ɶ˵磬ɩӣˣ㡣 
챾¶ۺúѯһΪ֪ԼƢȴ
붾Ʒ⣬ж飬ڼΣҲֻôͷ
뵺ȥλŦԼİ˺ϻãȥ̽һǵͷ˵
ţȥɣ 
һᣬ޴תЯܰ⣬վ̨
ԶԶĿ˹Ͷ˶ֱ漴ֱ
գʱԱߵǼνСװֱҲʼ 
Ϲܾûô򵥣ʲôҪܰü΢
 
ǺǣϹģⲻʲôҲûЦ§
޹ǵϸ 
ܰɷȻһЦͷ΢΢ļϣĵǰ
ûʧܾ̫Ҹ˻үļʣῴȥƻ
Ҹ 
㰡ҡҡͷˣ˼ˣߣȥС
ǡ 
ᵽİĶӣܰһĨǳʧˣӿĸԴȰ
΢Цͷĸ첲һ̨ףʱǼνС
װֱҲգתķԼСӰ˳
ɽȥ 
ԼʮܰлͷһۣϹŵЦݽЩ̣
µĲҲ֮ٻ࣬ԱߵвҪͷ˳Ŀ⿴
ȥȴȻܰһĺУ磬 
δ䣬ȴܰһѽƵһߣ漴һһ
죬һ߱ը޴ĳӭϮ
㱻Ƶһߡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ɽŨԲʵŮϯض˫һֱϥһ֧
ͣ۾Զ˻ĺ棬˼Ӻ洵󺣷
ʱʱĴ㷢Ʒ˿ڵסߣҲʱ̧һֻ
紵ҵ㷢۵ 
̣㿴ôˣֺͶӦҲ̸Ĳ˰ɣ
ǻȥɡСкȻŮð˳§סĲ˵ 
šðɣߣǻȥŮ۰Скƨɡ 
ŶСк˵ĻѾ㳯Сɽͷȥ 
ŮЦҡҡͷվһƨµӲһߺ㣬
ȵ̡ 
̣㰡Скǰֵ 
ඡ 
ŮЦǰסСк֣˻ЦţţȻʱ
һСɽһߴ˹µĴض΢΢ 
ŮСкһʱסˣ漴ŮһУ
ã˵ţɿСкֱ㳯ǰ񱼶ȥʮಽһƺ
ʲôת֮ǰеǸطȥϵͻǹ˳ϼ
УȻɱأڼ䲻оҵıը 
˼ʹ˳վŮܵĿһЩܿ
СɽǱ龰ʱһֹ࣬סŲһʱˣֱ
ǰһĻ 
Ũ̹һƬ֮УϿռʮ׵ĸ
һֱڸԶߵϿջһֱܸʱ
ǼνСֱĻͻȻһ棬Ļ滮һ켣
ڵϣַһ޴ıը 
ըĲԶŮܰȻȴûһ
ĸоһһĳȥΪ˫ֺᱧܰ
ڸղŻըĳǰſڵϣܰһ
ֱֻ£֪ǻ 
ְ֣衭 
ʱСкҲѸϵһĻɷһ󺰣漴Ҫȥ
ȴŮʱסʵСҪȥΣգ 
̣ſңſСкƴ˻ߵĴ
 
ŮıסСкˮ˲ۿúСк
˵С𶯣̹ȥûУ 
ҲŮû˶СкһʱסˣֻС
Լȥ޲ֹ֮ͣˮĿĿ
Ů 
ſǧҶȥ 
ŮţһĻǿ˴˵¶
ϯŮ˲˵ڵأСкѹ¡ 
ǿȵ˴Ůӹˣͬʱ
´ľҲѵԼ첻ˣ˽
ɢҲƽŮо΢һЩ̧ӣԶ
һֲ֫޴󰭣һ 
塭̡ 
´ŮһСкæҡС
кļ򣬻ŵôû° 
̡㣬ѹҿ졭촭 
ŮʶæվȻСкҲ鿴壬
ûԵ˲Էģ׷ʣûиоˣ 
û£̣ȥҰְ衭 
ãȥԼǧСġ 
˵꣬ŮͻǹŲϷֱһӵȻ
Ҫɽ£ɾʱȴɽµ󺰣ƣҪ
ߣ졭 
磬ܰ㣬ǣһߣŮ󺰣
ͬʱŲԾȻû߳ԶһܼӵĽ£
ŮɷһУæԵſһʯ档 
Ů̧ͷȥӵǼֱҼµĻǹģȥֱ
ҪԸҪĿ껹죬һɨ佫ŮƵԵزǰûм
ˣҡҡڰڵĵתͷŻһ棬βĻ
һֱڵ棬漴һ죬һŨڿն 
ڴʯŮըǸطܰ
ǴʱһƬհףʶķһ磬ܰ㡭 
ȻһĻȴľ飬ı۾ԭ
ڶŨзɳһд£ϸһŮʣһֻ
֫ɫ仹棬Ѫ߰ߣѪģˡ 
Ũ̺ܿ챻紵ɢըǿطһƬҷ棬Ů۾ϸ
һƬڷһںԴӳ̧һ󼤶
èӴʯ˳ 
Һܰˣˣߣ졪
Ƕ˱۵ļͷѪעȴδŮ˻ţ
۳Ѫ 
硪 
ְ֡ 
ʱǹٶؿڶʱӡѪɫ䣬ֻ
ͫȻһţдżŭʣ漴Ȼ¡ 
ְ֡˺ѷεĺСкɽͷǱ߳˹ 
ȻûСкܳԶͱбŮһѱסɽͷ
һȥСкһƴһ߿޺ҪңҪְ֡ 
ŮһʹСкͷȥһߴſǻ죬
ߡ衭ǡߡҪΪǱ𡭡 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
˹ĿУĿУԽﴫװֱ
ʻԱ 
Ŷʱ̣ƤɳĲ˹׿ɫ
΢գǻӦԽﴫǸ˵Ϣ
µˡ 
ԭڲ˹˫֮Ŷ͸ǸС俵Ů
Ůͷĸ˹ڽţÿһ¶Ｐ 
ŶҵСģ˹һһֲС
סӵ㷢СԼϤĺŪ 
С۾һƳƮ˹һۣµٶȶȻӿ࣬
촽Ħ淢󡹵ĿˮʱʱਹͷŪۣ
ʾǸ߳Ŀڽ 
Ŷ˹һ˷ܵĹֽУ̫̫ˡʵ
̫̫ϲ͵ˣŶ 
ȻߵĶȴδţĿϴ⣬૵
磬ңҲģҲǱΣȲѡܰҲ
ȥˡȪ֮Ҳį 
ʱԽִһžǰǸʻԱ
˹淢һŮһСкܣ
 
еĲ˹Բɳϴ⿴һۣȻԶ۵
øδ 
Ĭ˰Σ캮նݳɱ 
ʵ۸ûжԣҲҶɱģԵ쳹׾ܾ
ʱŻôľ޲˹ǰ֡ 
Ȼֱ֮󣬲˹Խʱ۲һ
ԭѾɱģѹ־뿪 
Ҫ˹ֵܵʹѿֹ 
˹ʼһ޹ŶҿΪ
鷳ѵۿǵĺƻֹ𣿡˵꣬ȣ˫
һ̯ʵνɾд鷳ඣ֪
һʼĿҪûǵĺǺŶ 
һ±ߣ̱ɳϣ˹ʵҲ
ˣˡֱԣȻΪ˺ϻףûյʵȨʵȨ
ϣֻſֽţհ˺ϻᡣ 
˹һ˵˶۵Ŀһֱ۵
ԼλöеΣе죬ؾη֮ѹ֣
·һɽѹԼͷϣһ뵽Ӵû죬Ȼо
һ˿ʹǳɣ·һεļ 
ģ˹֪ѾԼ˵ˣĴһ
ָԱߵĺ˱ʹ˸ɫ˻⣬ͨԽװֱ
ʻԱ˹漴һһҵıը 
Ȼ˵һǵڶԶ˵Ѿˣ֪ն
ҪĵԼ˼һ¾˾ɱ 
ܺã˹ӻʾ˰ն۵˼Ǳ߼ʻԱ
ȻԼһקС俵㷢ʹ뿪Լ 
С俳ʹüͷЩĿŲ˹ȴ¶ʿ΢Ц
°һŶȥǱſá 
˹ᣬȴ쳣ֱС俵ͷʹ
ᶼˣæ˳Ų˹վ˳Ĺڶɳϣ
β߸ͬʱ˫ȹڣһᣬһ͸˿ڿ
ȹ⣬ϥ䴦漴Ц֡ 
ʱĲ˹װģ̶ͷ˿ңȷһ׼
ʿĿ¿ȥȴ󿪣һ͹ɫŭ
 
˹ݵɳվСƵʹ
⣬ʱ߷ֳֿɫľɸؾռһĨ
ɫĹ֡ 
һֻԸеСè䣡˹޲ڣŮϼ
ỬϸЩë״ִ󣬺ٷŮɱġ 
СϰſɳĿϣŤͷŲ˹ЦͬʱһֻԼ
ؼƣȹڲ֪䱻°ߣ¶ɫּ
һֻ򴩹£ḧһĨ칵֣˳ָʱûڹ 
ʵС˵ڹ˹ŪԼΪ
Լﾡʪ̶ȵļٱӵĴһǿв
ɵʹࡣ 
Ŷˣ˹סԼѳʰ췢ϵĹͷ׼ⶴ
һֻ̡ͦһ㼷˻ǻ 
ŶС׷һ˻ᡭ㡭 
˹С俵İֻ˫Ȳ濪ַסС俵࣬
ʶÿһ¶ֺֿݣСʵʵײ⣬
˦ϣŪǽﲻ 
ɳǷɻϴӲ˹λÿ͸ϴ
ĺһһСֵıܣܲӵ
ɳʯɽɾ䲻ˡ 
˹ȴ˿ģΪֱɨ
£˲⣬ܼӵ˴ѣ
Ĵڣһ߼ָнʶһߵŶǾ
ȱǹлǱȱǹУ
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
壬̡ҡܲˡСкһС
͵ͨ죬أԹۡ 
ŮһֻֽСкĸ첲ǰӱܣͬʱʱʱ
ĻͷϵֱעӵķܡȻҲû
ȫ򣬳׼ʱ;ͻǹֱһӣϧڱ
׼ͷۿۣټϲǹޣֱɶв 
СټһᣬһҪסϾҪˡŮϵ
ΪСкϵһӴ󣬼ǰ뱧ͷǱ߱ȥ 
ðǹֵ꣬ڿӽͷˣŮѰһΪһĵطȻ
СкСȥͧϣȰͧȥСĵ㣡 
֪̣ҲҪСİʱСкѾ֮ǰЪ˹
ʹл˹֪ҪʲôǱסֻбס
пΪ豨 
СкȻʮ꣬䣬ǼΪýڿͧ
ǲڻ£ǰ;һ˼ʻͧȥ㡣 
ŮһʯͻǹǼһֱ׷ֱһ
䣬գۼ䣬һбգŮµĵмŵǲ׳
ͷϵֱԻζһ£ȻĳŮһϲ۶
ǹܶʼ̣ΧĿϡ 
ȻֱûŮڿбը壬ǻ˼¾
ȻѸ߷ԶܿͻǹЧ̡ 
ģŮðһֻ 
ʱԶͧѾСкˣ漴
ں̣ 
ŮèѸ˿ͧȻǹԿͧͷ׮ϵ
һӣ漴֮ͧãã󺣷ɳ۶ȥһİɫ˻ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ƣգãˣȻ˿ͧ۾һֱϴĲ˹
˺˿ͧ۶ȥŭˣת׶Ժ˵ȥʺ
˹ô£Ϊʲôѵè׽Ϸ𣿿
󶼿ˣ 
˵ͬʱ˹ûзɶС俵ĽʱС俵Ѿ
תȱڼϣֳɳķϣ·
һһһµѹʹȵĽǻ죬ÿһ
ʱС˽ȥγʱʹǻʺⶼⷭ
ͬʱɳĭ״İ׽µƤɳʪһƬ 
Ŷãһ㡭ھտʼʹɬ֮
С俺ܿ˸оʶԼ鷿ѹ
ð 
Ŷһ˵С˹Ŵ͵
ʵ̫ˣ̫ϲˣϵۻᱣģ 
һֱעĶ۸Ͼ˼Ա彻˶
˹ĻҲδţ˹ûлӦֱԼ˲
ٳٸ㲻ˣʱҲ޹⣬ת׶Ժ˺ȵ˹Ǽһ
ô˵ 
˱һֱվԶͨԽװֱǱСĽţ´
˲˹Ȥʱһæǰ˹Ǳ˵ˣ
ѾˣҸղŷɻǹУûд󰭣Ϊ
ȷȫðտˡ 
ˣվ 
˵ģ˹Ǳ߻ûǹǴϡá 
ͷĿϷɣǲǸʧġ 
˵գ˹˷ܵС俵СȣѹС
ۣСȶܽԼļͻ˹
ĳҼٵ˦С俵ľոܱߣ֮
ʹһƬƤ졣 
ҵĳС俻ɢ﷢˻ߵ
˻һ̣ҪȫڻһһĲϮ
ȫÿһëףʶɢȥ 
ʱĲ˹ûʿȣһ˿ҵķΰڶнɢ
ңһػɫͷںĶǰϵҲ֪ʱɿ
⣬¶ë׵ţĴŴͬһͷҰţ 
ŮˣⶫŮӵʵխСȣȦȦԴ
ǹżˬò˹ǹֽ˵һ
ټʣÿһ¶׮һ㽫õֽʪµǻ 
ãˣһߵĶͻȻ˷ܵһɳֵ 
Ѿ˽ҪͷĲ˹ҴƳһϴ⣬ֻããϵҿ
ͧѾֹͣ˷ɳۣͣԭشȦͧϵվȣ
پǹ 
    װֱٶѹϣһᣬһ𣬲˹һɣ漴
飬׵·һڹɷһͺ𣬾ش󿪣׽к
ʱҵıը͸ôĶ䣬ٿҿͧ
ѻһž޴Ļڿն𡭡 
4 
    󣬷ޣ̹ĳ䡣 
    ĪɣΪһС򣬵ͬʱҲԻƣ٣
ɱǿ飬ȵȶ԰ÿͻᷢһ𣬶ģ̹
ϽֻԲΪɶԲǧƽĵ
βܣӶԼǱ˴Ϊ̻ݣ
һ 
    ҹĻ٣Īɣ˿겻״̬ڰ
Ǵһ˿ѪζĲп뱩ʱ˳֬Ϣң
пûм٣෴ȴʤһֻ˺ڰĽһ
Բ 
    Ŭ˶ĳǿĪɣһĳ佨ҲǺͨ
¥¥Ϲ˸޺ƣɫĲʹ⡣ſڴʱ
ĶĿͣÿһĶĿͶΧվֵļŮΧϣĿ
ŪɧǶĶĿǵͨǺԺǳɢ
ȭŵüŮһɢӮǮĶĿϣһ㶼ڶ
ŮоϸѡһȻѡһ߼§ȥ 
    ĳʮ̨ϻ⻹жʮŶÿһŶǰΧ
ˣǸɴ۾ׯÿһεĿƻɥ˷ܡ
Ŷϣһ߽һ׾ŵľݺȫעĶŷƺɹ˿ˣ
ֻǰĳѾʣ޼Ϊׯҵĺɹ٣ǰĳѳһ
СɽˣŶΣֻݺӣ˶Ավ
ΧۣȻǿֵľǸׯߣڴ˿ɼɹǰһѳ뼸
ݺһġ 
    һȻǾݺһˣֻмһСѳ룬Ȼ
ĶעȫѺϣӮˣ򽫱ȫأ˵С׬һʣ
ˣͽһҲʣˡ 
    ƣݺӼں𣬺ֻ۰ݷҰ׵
â˫ֽճȭʮһ۵Ķͽģ 
    ɹǸŮӣڿĪɣĶĳΪټΪĪɣٷ
֮ʮϵ˿ڶǱغˣغ˼ͥŮձĻ̶
ߣͥŮأΪվּŮ
˾ĹۺɹҪϸߵĻ̶Լǿ
˼άְλ 
    ƷĺɹٲɫķԼѹڵµһƣݺӿ
ʱһһ˫ճȭͷָǲͣʱԱߵΧ
ʼҪԼơ 
    סڣݺһȡ 
    Χһ鲻Խһ漴ӵﻤı
úܣҸǹǲŲˣأҪˡ 
    Ȼɢڶĳļ󺺿ʼ
Ѹ￿£ʱɹٲơ 
    ݺȴδţֻ۽ΧǺɹͲסˣֱҪ
ƣȻִ׼֮ʾݺȻ֣
ɹٵϣֹķƣͬʱһֻѸٴһǹ
˺ɹٵĶͷϣȵ𶯣ұ𶯣 
    Χ߷һУʱɢϵĶĿҲͻ
һĻˣ漴׷һѷ⼷ȥգۼ䣬ǰͷ
Ĵһ¿ֻ࣬¶ӵߺбԵʮǽ塣 
    ǼΪĳĴҲһ漴һǹ׼
ݴ󺺣ȴǰƶֺֻȲϣҪ 
    ǰڶǹڣŮɹŵôľ춼ûعֱ
ݺԽƵıһֻ첲סĲӣһֻ־ǹ
̫ѨŷӦȡ𣬱⡭
лá˵ס죬ӣ㺦һˣݺ
ɫ֮佥 
    ҡŮɹпԣҲ֪˿̺˵ʲôûãֻ
üЩͶȥȵ 
    ǼҲ޲ߣ˴ʱ򣬴¥һ
װϼһ۾Լʮˣǰ
ľʲôҪ󾡹˵ҪЩǮҲû⣬ǿ
Ϥ㣬ֻҪǵˡ 
    һף˿˿ݺһ߿һ
ŮɹٵĲӳſǴһĵطȥȻ˿
ǮҷŽϴ죡 
    һηηĽĿͶȴüͷһ£
۾Ϊ˼һ±˵ͷɿĽǮȫŽһֻɫ
Ĵϴŵݺӵ 
    õһĳƱݺϲ¶Ц⣬һַ
̰Цֻһ˲ģ漴ͻָСĽЮŮɹ
ԼǰȻһſڵ˶ȥ 
    ǮѾˣ㻹ҪſϷˣ 
    ȵҳװȫ֮ȻˣˣǶҪ 
    ˭ҲûģݺÿһЩǹͽһ
ǺüڶǹڲƵĶ׼ԼݺеǸҲ
㣬˻ȣǲҪûУ˵ţתǹڶŵ
ϾһǹŵЩɵĺ˼ŮɹٸŵУ˫
סԼĶ䡣 
    Ҫٳҡ˵ͬʱݺֱ̧ۣǹٶȶ׼
Ůɹٵ̫ѨȻʱһͻȻϮ磬
ݺһ£ʶ֪ˣɻûüӦ;
ǹֵֻ󴦾ʹָһɣǹ۵һڵأٿ
һСɣȲذײ棬ѪҺٴӴӿ 
    һͻı仯ֹʹݺԴǸһȺҲ
סˣҶס˵һɲǼֻһԵɫ
ΧԲͬĻɫᵥһţԾ϶̨Ȼ
Ŷ̨漴һԾıֱҽźݺݵھݺӵ
ϡ 
    ˵Ķһǳɣˮȥʵ
ҲȷݺӰһŲɷһҽУ
ȥ 
    ھݺӵֱذ״Уʹֻ֮סŮɹٵĸ첲
Ҳŷ˲٣ˣȥʱǰŮɹҲ
㵹彫Ҫصһɲһֻʵĸ첲סĺ󱳣
 
    ǰŻƤףŮɹϵľʧˣֻ
ֱ˵Ĳϣ֮Ҳؿϣ·
ԸİȫС 
    ʱЩҲѹȫһӵϣסݺӵ֫
ѹ£ʵʱ㲻֣ҲΪֻ
еļ첲ȻѾʣټ󴦵ʹ˿ûлԹȥ
Ǻܲˡ 
    ˣйСӣɵòīӼų
Ƥй˵ļϣԵú˷ܡ 
    װɣ壬˵ˣҪйСӣԽ
Ůɹٽ 
    ɣʼŶҵСǣԭ壬ˡ
ˣû°ɣǸɶļһû㣿 
    Ŀһ۵ûУҺܺãı˭Ҳ˲
ҡ˵ţ§ 
    ȴС㣬û¾ͺã˵ͬʱֽ̧
§Լϸ첲 
    ʱЩһһݺϵɣǰȺ
䡣 
    㵨ӲСȻҵĳ١ɣžݺת
һᣬȻ߶£еĵһ̣һ 
    ݺӵһ˿־壬ʵ֪ԼѾû˻
ϣʣµľôˣ鿴ɵľϿ
̺ŨŨɱ֪Լʹ죬ﲻɿ־ֱ
 
    ȷ羫ݺϣɣôʹȥΪ
һЩɶ鷳ҪǸղűһٵóѣ˵ԼֶŮ
ѱԼܱܲסһδ֪ 
    ԭɣֻҶĳľϰ壬ҪþݺӴ
ó߱ضҪҪΣϰɲһʡ͵ĵƣ
Ҫ˷룬⳥ʧΪǹ˼ԼֶŮǵ
ȫûǹģ˱ݺЮ֣ȻͶ
סĳĲƲǵһҪǵġ 
    ɣᵯ̻ңȻͷ˾ݺӵϣʱʹһʹ
ҵĺУ֫ȻȴһȺס˿ã
ֻ鴤 
    һᣬͷϨ𣬿ҲƮһƤ⽹֮ζʱɣվ
ӵͷһ죬Աߵһ»⣬һǹݵ
һƣı۾ 
    顭ǹ죬ݺ֫һĺУ
Ѫĸӿ 
    ɣЦһǹݻȥ˵ӵԭȥЩʨҹ
ɡ 
    ĪɣĶ涼ڷĴԭ񻹱ԭʼ
ֲ̬ʨޣһ˾ǰԭҲҪԽҰ
Ƥ޴ĵ˽ԭǷǳΣյģ˵ҹˣһд
˵˶ԭ˿ɢѪζܿͻһȺѪҰޣ³
ɡ 
    ݺӲҺűһȺ˳ȥɣ˽ʰһԼ
ӪҵȻҲСӣɵò
ģĽ˵ţһǮóݸ˹ȥ 
    ллĽӹлһת¡ 
    ˣ°ˣȥϢɡ 
    壬ҲҪǰ°ࡣǱסɣĸ첲
԰ 
    ɣε̯˫ֵŶоܾҪ𣿡 
    ̫塣ǱסɣĲһڣ
ȻعȴѾӰ 
    ֱţ޺޵ֶңƫҪ㣬ߣ 
    ɣ᲻ҡҡͷ˵ôϲйСأҿ
ȤҪ㡣 
    壬㣡ôУȻתܿ 
    ɣʼ磬Ŷ˵𣿼 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    һҵıըһŻǿȵӭ
˲㽫ҿ֧ͧ֫飬ͬȫ뵽ģ
̣ץסһӿӭͷ뵽ף
ɬĺˮ̹ĿڱǣƵļ³ڰĺ
һŶħĴ죬һɡҪһӰȻӴ
¹Ӵ룬ӳһȴ 
    漴ͷϵ̨ƱȻĿڴϣҡҡͷĨ
ĨϵĺˮѾ֪ڼجˣμ
һĻ⣬ҲʱμѪİְǹֵµһ 
    ֣裬һǱ𣡡˴ߵǰŹ
ʵһ૵̣㻹˼Ƿһӵ
죿 
    У˰ǰǲҵһĻʱʻſͧãã
пٷɳۣŲǹȻֱʼձڲǹ
֮⣬ֱɲ˺ͧȴֱϵػǹЧ
Χڣӵʱͧϣкüӵɹ 
    һ·ɳۣһ·׷𣬿ͧϵķڱǹжٻʹÿͧ
ͷӬһںԭشתһͧϵ˼ֱͳֱ
İӡ 
    죬ֱڻļǵõʱ̺仰ʱ
Ҳûһͷ˺Ȼʱ򣬿ͧըˣ޴ĳ
ͷĿѣǰһƬˮ⣬漴͸оһƬڰΧԼ
ʲôҲǲˡ 
    ٶʱԼһƬɳ̲ϣ˲ϵĴԼϣ
˻촽ɬɬʹһ飬ȻӣãȻ
ܡ 
    ̡̣ɤӴ󺰣ɻӦֻкŸС 
    Ҳ֪˶ãֱٶȽƣ̱ɳ̲ϣźƽ
棬ʵء̣㵽İЩ£
 
    ˺һᣬȻ뵽ʲôŲɳ̲һ·Ѱ
ȥ뵽ȻԼܱˮ嵽СϣҲӦÿܱ
ֻͬһλãСλ 
    ȻСתһȦҲû̵ټʱѾֶ
޶ûˣɫҲ紵ʪ͸ϣ
еһ˿˿⣬û취ֻ뿪һǿһɳ̲
һƬѰһܷ֮أ߶µһᱯˣһ˼
г˯ȥ 
    ̵С죬˾ժ
Ұӳ伢ҲǳҰΪСûеˮҪֲ
ȥʱҲǵ⵺ϵĵ磬һޱߵĺƽһ
洬ƴźڣþˣ 
    洬һλ޺ˣǸҺĺӣ˳
ϲ㣬Ҳ߹ٹңԶӢҲ൱ͨģ֮ǰ
йģ֮ŦԼס꣬ԲĻӢĶ˵
Ϊ˹ͨҲͲϰ 
    ֪֪ĸԼף
ͬ飬Ǳ㽫ԼߣҽԼڷޣ̹ļңҲ
ǿĪɣһũׯȥѧУѧһԼ
ܵĻ鼮ԼĻ 
    һǰ꣬УѴһһ׳С
ӣǰһѣ󲻾ãűߴ
ֲƲһܵϷȥˣũׯֻʣǵʱֻʮ
Ů׿ 
    ΪԼչ˺׿ֻѧĴ򹤣ʲôϴ빤
๤ȵӻɹֱŬ˶ĳٵһݺɹٵĹ 
    ǲȥŦԼɱ˶ۣΪ豨𣬿һ
ڷޣһڱ˴ȥȥģҪǣ
׿Сܾô¶ΨһŮԹԵߣҲҪչ
ʮܷ֮뿪 
    ׿üҲʮ꣬ѧ
ѧϰɼȴ͸ʵҲˣеͷʹӲ
ѧУͬѧüȥ̸һʱʱϵнӴ
Ҫ֪⿲ĪɣҰӣʲô˶Уʵӻ
 
    ǵĹ鵣ģΪҲ׿úʲô˽úʲô
˽ֻѺͱҪʱıʣµľֻܿԼˡ
ȿȡǾ仰Ҫȿ˽ 
վڴǰãһŹȥһŽĵ·֪
ȥ˽һСʱ¥ŵճյ
ȥ 
ⶼˣѾͷŻ˵ţͬʱ̧ͷ˿ǽ
Ϲŵӣָʾ˿Ѿ쵽ʮһˡ 
ʱ׿͸˵ˣһҪգҪ
ɶԣԽҪһ㣬ȻӦΪһϣһŮ
ǺΣյģȻ׿һ󣬻˵ͬѧܰ
ȫģܲһپֻõͷӦǿϾŵ֮ǰһû
ңѾʮһˣȥˣ̫Ѿͷ
ĻٹһʱѾͷҪҹˡ 
ʱ¥²׿ǷĴЦһһ˵Ц
æţվµ¥ݿһֻһΪ¶ĵȹ׿
ڡЦͣǰվһĻڵꡣ 
һ׿ͷǴЦĴ߲֪˵ʲôһֻ
ĴļϣƻԲļͷĦţһֻ
ϣڻۿҪԽȹֱӸǵ
ˡ 
Ծڿ͵Ϊ׿δǳԳЦţ
ʹֺޣֲ÷Ͼʹ׿ѿֻἤ淴
ֻؿһ 
磬׿׿¥ϵԵ΢ȣ
ôô磿 
ȻҲû뵽׿ˣڨڨɿ֣
һƤͷʱԵΪԾ׿гʱ͸¶
˼ı 
ĳ˵£ǰ°ˡһ˵һⲽ¥
ǰһۣλѰ 
ǰв⡣ 
Ŷлл׿Դ֮òҲ͸Ϳ֮ζ 
΢־ɥ֮ɫ֮ǰɶͿ޳
۾С椣ɶ϶ڣƾŻ㲻Լͻ
Ŀ࣬ɹ׿һӲĽ̸е֪׿ֻһ
ڼңɶԽ֮ȡ׿ؼҵĻᣬֻ뵽ʱܺ
С椺Լϴû뵽֮ȴ龰֪ˣҪ
ƭ׿ȥԼˡ 
׿ʱ֪˼ֻȫԼס᲻뿪
ˣֵֽͦͦظֵټ 
ټֻ뿪 
ţһ׿ԽԽˣԼ
ڶˣ 
׿ȴ磬Ҷ˵ɶԡ 
ɶҲܻôһôһһ 
׿ʲôһ˼ѡ 
ʲôѣղ¥Ͽɿһƨɣ
һһֶҪ쵽ȹˡŶˣôô̵ȹ
ӣ̫¶ˣ 
׿ɳϣһȥϵĸ߸Ьһ߻ص˵Ƕ
Ϊأ˼¾ɣʲôƨɰ˼Ů
ʽУСȹʽǽ괺ʱװĳ㶮ص
һͬѧϷǴġߣ˵ˣҪϴˡ 
εҡҡͷ˵֮ҿǸһﲻˣԼСģ
òҪ͡ 
û˵꣬׿ı¥Լķ䣬Ź˸
ʵֻýҪ˵Ļʻض̾һҲ¥صԼ
䡣 
ûãűˡû˵űƿˣ
׿һƵ˽ת۾ϣ֮Ļһԡ¶ 
üæӣһһ׿ľ룬
ѾͷȻֻʮ꣬ȴѾˣ鷿ͦͦƨ̣
СӯһգȻɢŮ˵ķˡ 
ʱ׿ֻһɫԡԵֻǵȸ˵ʵڵģ
ΪйˣŮ˵ݺѺۣҲƵƵʾ
öȴ̫Ӧԭ֮һʱ׿Ҳòϣ
ΣɫΣഺŮ޵еģ㹻˵ġ 
ԡµһ˫Ũ˺϶ȣݶɣһƥڶзźĹ󣬺ѩ
׵ԡγĶԱȣԡ¶ѵļιǣԲд⣬
۾촽ԺƽĶۣԶ˵ۣ׿ҲǸƯ
˶ 
˵˶ٴڲСŮˣôððʧʧĴ
ķ䣬ܴ 
˺ˣ磬ˣ㷳׿͵ĴĻ
ǰű̺СϣСһ졣 
ûǮ 
׿Цŵͷţٸʮòã 
ϸڲǸոʮôôͻ 
ѽ˼Ҫ·Ҫ 
ˡæĻ˳ִ·ڴǮó
ʮԪ 
ڿĪɣڵĹҲ񻯣ҳԱֵʮ
˸ù൱һֵرĪɣֱӹϽɲ
εĵʹԪģгһ㶼ա 
׿˸߲ҵĽӹǮ˵ϣ§סĲ
һڣлл磬Ұ㣡 
˲ϵĿˮûǮͰҪǲ¾Ͳ˰ɡ 
ŶȻ׿Цôһ㡣 
ˣȥ˯ɣ컹Ҫѧء 
õģ׿ӯ´ıܳ⣬ִϷ
ţֱƿˣ׿СԴ 
ʲô£ 
磬ҸŮˣҿǽͲͽɡ 
˵ǲǱ˼˰ô˵ 
Ŷ찡磬ң˼Ҳһ׺ܺÿ°ˣ
ôܾң׿ϵ˵ţ˵֮־òζæ
һţһ̵ܻԼˡ 
ЦҡҡͷѾͷǺǣ漴˫һţ
ӻ£ɵڴϣȻֹ˵ơ 
ڰУȴ˯⣬˫ͷ۾ţȻӳֻ
ں컨壬ǰƺƮһ˫ԲϸźڹȣǼ仹·
Ʈһ˿Ůķҷĳλ֪ʲôʱȻӲˡ 
ʱȻʶղ׿ǷԲ
ԼŮѰɣ뵽ǲһ˿ЦʵǲŮ
ѣϾѾʮһˣǴһеĻƽʱΣȻ
лŮˮ齻ڵ֪Լһֱ
Ҫ뿪ǰ;δ֪﷢չһθ飬ڽܵ
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
峿̫ӲԭͷԾϼ⽫ڰɢӰ٣
ԭľ־ȾݣֵһһӳһƬã 
һտĳϣһýӰŲԾȭȣÿÿʽ
źԵޱȣµɳʯǱ˿ƶĽŲ
ɢҳڶ𣬽һ֮С 
ȻһȣζȻԾڿ˫
ǰ죬˫һֱڵϣΪһȭĽ 
󣬴˲ûоʹԾ𣬶˫ưڵϣ֮
γɵ֮ƣַſһֻֻ֣õֳס壬Ȼ
ֱһһĵſյתʮȦ 
Ȼÿ糿ϰģһ׳ȭȻ
ϰʱʱǴɳѾϰ
ˣΪ浶ĸ֣ʮ֮һֻ۷䡣 
󣬳һˮǰҨһˮ
ͷ£ػƷڵļϣپˮһӳĹ
Ե 
ȷǽһװ˵ȳƶʵļ򣬽խΣӺ
濴ȥǺԵġ֡ΣҪǸ첲ϼ⣬ǰҵģ
С͹ǿһ 
磬ԸУ¥ϵĴƿ׿˫ſڴ̨ϣЦ
¥¡ 
ллĿޡЦ֣ҪĲĿޣ
Ͻʰ¥ 
Ͼ 
Сʱ֮׿ʰһ£ֻһţУŵŰɫ
˶Ьɾ׿һɫģţж̿㣬
ϻһഺĻ 
ţ˸Ͻ̤׼ȥҸطӣȻ˳
ȥѧûԶʹĦгʻһɲ
ͣߡ 
ˣ׿ 
תһԭ׿ǸһҪ˵ȴ׿
㰡⣬ôˣоȻһ㾪ϲ 
һָһ˦ͷ״صعȥѧУ 
̫ˣ 
ι׿ 
ûü˵ͼ׿Ȼ½̤絽
ȥѾʮƾɵĦгϣȻֵ磬ݰݣ
ŶˣҵĽ̤ͻؼҺлл 
ⴵһڣ˫һŤĦгһ漴ҡҡ
λεĿ˳ȥԭֻһβɢ˿Ǻ˵ζ 
˳Ͱӡں溰һ䣬Ȼҡҡ
ͷȻ֪Ǹһ׿⣬׿ϲҲͲùĸʲô
Ͼ׿Ѿʮˣδ꣬طرΧũһЩ
͵ŮӵĲ׿ҪҲܺ
ӣֻѣˡ 
׿Ľ̤ͻ˼ңȻﳵѰһС꣬
һƿȪˮͣôվС³Ժʱ·
˽·ϲʱɳ۹ʽγֳĦгĻƤ
Żǹֳ֣- ĺںһ·ϴСУ 
ЩǲװĿǰƿؿĪɣͼ岿䣬ò
Χ˿Īɣ⻹СЩװûͳһķװͳһ
˵Ͼں֮ڣװ
İҪ￪ĳԺҪǽǮ 
ͣﳵƵߣȻ洫һ
ͷһһѩγͣ󣬸ŵ粣Ŀڼʻ
ǡ 
ˣǴӳԴִк 
㰡С㣬𣿡 
Ϊ˸лңȥȾơ 
⡭˰ɡ 
Ŷ³𣿡 
ô˵ˣֻõͷӦȽ̤ŽȻ
ʻţȥ 
һ߷һбƳһ£ЦŶ쿴ȥ
˧ 
𣿡ЦЦллҲƯ 
Ƕʱ˷ܵŶ𣿡 
ǺǣȻ 
ҲûпУǴĺԸУŮˣһɫ
ȹȹӵΪΣ¶ֳ鹵ȹֻ̣ܶ
żͷʹ̧֮ĿҸһԺɫȹյĺ
ȹһֱкϥ£¶һźɫ˿Сȣµŵһ˫
ɫ߸Ь 
ɷϣǵĺܻϸȫĳһ͹ε
ȹ⿴ó첻·˹ױϾһ
ϸɫĳֱԺüëȻΣϸϸ
ẹ̈ͦҲ֪ˢ˽ë໹ճ˼ٽëɫӰӳһ˫
۾ִϻ˷۵ףͿ죬촽ϸͿĨʴ
࣬ԵýΡ 
˵ôһױ磬ǲ˵ûױʱˣ
Ư࣬ǰû̫оʱҲƵƵ͵ 
˵С˷ֿܶģߣɬ
йСӣҾҪ㣬㻹ֵܲܵסң 
ﰵţôǴûͽһ
йСӣͬʱͦزʱʱתһ½ǶȣԷ㸱ʻϵ
õĿӡ 
ʱ򣬲·ʼӵˣðź̵ĳӶ⣬ͷ
ĸŮȺĳڽֵϣ׷ռݺõλ˶
ߣ˽ţҲϵ·ϣ˳·һʱ䣬
ʻһһŲ 
ŶģĴỵ̂ﱧԹš 
Ҫѳͣһߣ³߰ɡ 
Ŷװ㿴ҽµ˫߸Ь𣿡Ŭ
ɲһ⡣ 
ЦһЦʱȴһתЦ㵹ˣ
̵н罫ͣһԣӵ߷ȥ֮ߡ˵գ
Ҳͬͬ⣬ת̣ѩγͣһСӿڣ
漴ر˷ 
ĲʱȣԼŵζ֮
ССĳһ±һյĿռ䣬һһŮУնʱ
ǵԸеǳͶȥĿ֮ 
ȿȡ˶ţֻЩɣоҪ
ʲô 
ǰǻ򰵵ʱҲйĸоʱĵ
һӦӿڲ֪ôˣҲ׿ŮѵĻ
ҲǽǴĸƯһˡ 
ЩȵӣǿĵЦ¶ǽ
ݣ̽ǰֱߵľ뷽ͣס
Ŷɰ 
ԽԽһŨųĺŮеζӭ
ǰǶ԰ĺ飬˿̽ͶԵ˶Բ
Щ̼ĸй٣ò񾭣ʹҡҷѪӿ
ɵЩս촩ţпǸʧˣµСܱܵţ
ʵںܡ 
ΪεЦЦÿɰһһƺ 
δ˵꣬Ǳú촽סͣͷֻСɵ
Ŀǻӹ棬ɨݣÿһ䶼շˡС
˳Ŀǻ̶תսգ۾Լ
оȺ棬ʪ 
ʱһֻȻȻǵĺ󱳣һƬ
Ǳ¶ģƽ˳֮£оױ
β 
ǵҲţ촽ƵʱĽ⿪Ŀ
ĿӼôڿ㸧ǹһ¡ 
ŶҸе֣ܾܿûõĸоˡ 
˵Ȼûйͷſ
ţҧţͷһֱû뿪壬һﻬ£ֱ¡ 
ڿ㣬һһŹҵ£Ȼ˿Ƴ
һۣڿ㣬һڵ漴˳ʵʵĴ
źзϡ 
Ŷһɰļһָͷһ˿̾ 
ֻЩЦãֻǹϷԼȻʵȴ
ˣէһȷǸеֺ棬Ҫ֪ɴû
Ŀһ˵ڵļһǰĺ
ļһﲻ̫һɫҪÿĶ࣬д죬ǰ˵ɡ״ͷ
ۺģм΢΢ſһ˿ճҺĵĹͷ⻬ʮ־
ࡣ 
ĻĦŹͷڳճҺȵͿĨͷ
Ȼܼ򵥣ʹĸոպã̼ʱʱĵ
һȽǲסֵҰ 
˼ǼȾֵ⣬ϣֹ
ϣȻȥߣŰƤʣʹȫ¶״漴Ʋ
ž׶š 
̼ܵͣ͹ƣǵһֻ
Ҳ޷סòһֻ֣˫ϣͬʱﾪŶ
ϵۡ 
ôˡŴ 
ۺƳһ۵һҾȣ
 
˵գǴǰ޵ͷڹ⻬缦Ĺ
ͷɨһ£ۣ 
һƺߣһһֻ鲻Խİǵͷϣ
ָķ˿΢΢ʹͷԼĿ貿 
˳ſ촽ԼĿǻڣһֱʹƽԼ
Ȼ˳룬˷н¶ 
ܵԼһΧůֽʮ˫
סǵͷ˳Ķһһµİѹţ٣çţ 
о˵ļ˳ɼУΪ
ţ˫ն׳УͬʱƵԽԽ죬
һֻʱʱɵžһֻҴɦţڻѹţ
ĥţ죬ࡣ 
Ŷϱ仯Ĵ̼һХֱִľסǵ
ͷʹ°ţͬʱͦң·ʱ
һ 
ۣۡһ죬ǵ 
ʱҪȻȴִſĿ£
ǻסȻľҺһԵ̽˶ 
˺һᣬֱױǲ̧ͷϴЦ⣬
ſ죬ֻǻڻһ˿˿ǰףͷתתȻ
򣬷·δһ㡣 
6 
    ĺһȫɳ۹Ŀǣ
ʵ㲻 
    ΢Цţ¶׵ݣϲ˵꣬һ
Ŀ£ϲľҺʳĸɸɾڰƤ
ҲŹڹ⴦ϸϸɨ©ÿһ֡ 
    ÿ糿֮󶼻ϴ裬Դ˿̵ɱֵĺˬɾ
ûһƤм۹֮ģûк˹еֺŨζ
˾Һζ⻹һ˿ԡҺζҲʹԸɿڣ
֮Ѿɨķ룬һγ 
    һҲûˣֽǿͷϵȹ
ȥŽ䣬ߵظҲ¶ֳ͸ 
    ȹʵ첲⴦ʱԾֱ̧֣۴ȹȹ
ӱʵ鷿ȫ¶ڸղµĶЩ
ΡΡĶ 
    ǵ鷿ȥֱϵƤһڣ͸µȴ
ɫѾ̵ͦͷΪغɫ̽ȥִһ޷ա 
    ָٿٿĸµ仯ճ
ûһ㱻䣬ʱһֻҲҪȥһߵȹ䡣 
    ʱȻһģýе˾һת
ͷȥȴվĸͷĺ˸Ůһ߳峵˵ʲô
һָָ£ָָͷϵ𣬿β˵֪ǵ˼
ͣĵطǵĵ̣ҪϽ뿪⡣ 
    㿴ңҿ㣬˶̲סЦһ
̷ֿĺ˸Ůĵġ顱죬ȹ
Ӷûãôӷ 
    ʱֵϵ߷Ѿȥͨ·ʻ
һ߿һ߽ʵϵȹͬʱƳһЦ
Ŷһβ飡 
    ϧ㳵ͣĲǵطһʰԼ·һЦŻӦ 
    ǰǹһյӡ 
    Ц˹Ҳ൱ɰʱȴգգ۵
Ŷ쿴ȥܲһҺ֪Ϊʲô 
    ŶҲðװɵ 
    ǰģ˹ʲôȤŮˣ
 
    ǲǸıӡأ 
    ͷЦţıĺܳס 
    ǺǣǾͺãʵҲкܴĸıŶ 
    ָҵױ𣿡 
    Цĺܵ⣬һʱ־Ŷе㵣Ļ
ĲãڿЧӦò˵գֲһһͽ
ëͷСšô˵йһ仰ԭΣԲԣ 
    һסЦǼ״ɻգգ۵˵𣿡 
    ûû˵ĺܶԡòױסЦͷ 
    ҲЦˣЦе⣬ʱҪȥľưѾԶԶˣ
һŷһַɿ͸鷿˺ӵ
һߣһֻ鷿ϵʱˡ 
    ֻڵһʱճԣһճԴȶ
סˣԽһ鷿ϵҲ˺ 
    ǽȹؿԼ͹㣬̲סЦŶ
С㣬㲻𣿡 
    ڰ㱣ңʲô 
    γȵͣھưɵſڣʱֵ磬ưǰյģȥ֮
ҲȽ٣ֻ̨һƱ޾ɵſţԶ
һߺȾһ޼ɵĴ죬⻹һſڽ
һϣƴһֱڻûѡ 
    ˽ĺںʱֹס۹
ǣܿ˵ĿһϣһԸװ
ס˵ 
    ƱҲǰһæվֱ壬ɫԵ۹ⲻסĴ
ǰ³㣬һԵ޶á 
    ˣƿơơڰ̨ǰĵк 
    û⣡ƱӾƹóƿơƣ˿ƿǣŵ̨ϣ
ʼᱡ۹ⶼû뿪壬ǻһ˿Ц
⡣ 
    £ڻû֮ǰѾ֪پƺȵĿ²
̫ģһƯԸеĹôһСưܲ
˵ע⣿ûڨ»Ǻº͵ģֱӹᱡǿ
ط¶ûпܵġ 
    ȻϣһͻĹ۲쵽ưںǵ
ԼƱĴ֮ģﲻҡҡͷ̾˾ױ
ȻԼܣҲԼһСС鷳 
    װģɱǶΧ̰Ŀ޶ãԹԵľ
ƿȻӹµµڣڷ
» 
    治¶ɫֻ壵΢ЦǶһڣս
Сˣ㿴ûУǱϵָֻء 
    ˿Ϊ⣬ֻ۽ǵƳһ±㿩Ц
ͿҲ˷ҽһ硣 
    ǱߵںȻǵһĻΪ
ǸŮ±ӷˣһںվߵ
ߣҲ˵ֱǽȹķΡ 
    ȻںںֿҪӴǵβʱԱͻȻбһֻ֣
ץסҲ޷ǰƶֺһ̧ͷһ
ԭǺʹŮһǸˡ 
    ں֮ŭ쳣Ҫ֪֮ǰ
û˷Ҳ˵Լ߻һͬ飬㵥һˣƾ
ԼĶͲùŮԱߵа顣 
    ǲǳ˴㣬Ҫôô⻰һ
ǵǽЦֹ԰Ҳŵһɴζ 
    ںʱ߳ŭһȣ 
    ˵ͬʱһֻѸٽճȭ沿һȭҲ
ƿ 
    ΢΢һЦӲܣֺֻ̧بǰɵסϮ
һȭָٿȻսסںȭͷһһںӴ
ֹһĶȥ 
    ˣںһҽУŶ찡ҵ֡ 
    ֻں˽ƵѸͣӣë׵һ
׵ļԭ֣ɫ죬ڷһӳʾ
Ϻɫӹֲֿ 
    һֿ⣬ʵϰĹףһ
һ̫е˸գͬʱʹ˷ֽǵַ˲
㽫Ķĺںŵ 
    ˵ַ̫죬ûôֵģں
ҽŵ£ýߵľƱĿɿڴԶһںڡ
һվ 
    ״˭Ҳ֪ںҪǹʱҪǰֹȻˣ
Ͼ֮Ҳ߰׵ľ룬ֻ̨ǰǸƱһæ
̨¶ܣҲһ䣬ʶĿ 
    գ۹ֻһӰڿлһֱߣ׼ȷǸں
ͷϣ漴һƵĲںϴžı£
ﻹһѻûüǹ 
    Ŷҵ찡̫ˣĿǰһĻ췢һ
̾漴סĲӣһڡ 
    ڰ̨µľƱûԤеǹǾƿѵ
ǵľ֪̾ǸռϷ磬Ǻ̽ͷһֻ
ǸںȻεڵأһѪͷգΧɢ
һؾƿĲƬٿǸˣԭƿơƲӰ
Զ׼Ǹǹ֮ʽںȵơƿ˦˹ȥ
ں 
    Ʊ¶˼ı飬վǣֱһ
Ȼعӱܵһҵ˭ɣʲô 
    ЦãѾƱüˣһûӦ
ֻóһ£û뵽һôӦæ˫־ʾԼ
ûж⣬ͬʱˣƣţֻ˵򵥡 
    ŶáƱεĽӹǮ۾Ҳղɫ
ԵĿˡ 
    ߳ưɣѹֲס˷ܵŶ̫̼ˣʵһ
һأΪʲôôأ 
    ûѵǵЩƹռſϰ𣿡 
    ŶȻǣȥģ 
    ȥҼңС㣬Ը⣿ 
    빪ֱ̯һʿ״ 
    ǳԳЦţŵĽԼַŵϣգգ
֮ 
    ǣǵγǰѸʻĳŴ򿪣һ
ƣЦʮֿģȻ޳Сȿ복ڣ漴ϳţ
һߣ˳ 
    żΪͳķ𣬽γˣҪʻҺŵĳźȻ
һεӰ복漴Ӣ󺰣죬
 
    һ˵Żһƣڼʻλõ⡣ 
    Ǿһ׿ͻȻˣȵķ
һƯİ˹ɫĲɫ飬ϰ
ѩֻǴ˿̲֮ɫһʾ⿪һƵƵͷ 
    洫һ̽ͷȥֻԼ߰˸ֳֿǹĺ
ԼȻʮԶˣʱҲݲ룬һţ
γಡһڳԶ 
    ǹˣһӢ󺰡ͷһһֱֻۣ
ʻǵͷȥԼҲſڷϣʱʱҵת
̣γʱʡӡ·Ϸɳ 
    Ȼмӵ˽γľײҺý
̥ûУӷʻգۼʻֵȺԶԶ˦˱
Ȼǹܼ𣬵Ѿûһӵгˡ 
    ǲҷɣӴųƵķ
ѩγҰ·Ϸɳ۶֮޲һ̳ 
    γܿ㿪˿ĪɣֿʮֱԭԵشһ
С﷽ͣ£ƿ̣СֽΪΣ
һȫ֮ء 
    һͣȣǾȲ˳ΧųתһȦŶ
찡ҵĳ 
    ԭ򲻾õѩγ˿˺ۣƨɺ沼˵ۣ
󴰲ҲףΧܼ൱ 
    ŶλС㣬ԴұʾܱǸ 
    ˹Ҳ˳Ȼõ˵Ļ
Ҳ֪ 
    Ȼ˹˵ӢԹԵıԹţ
бϸһ˹ֻ߲һߣǻ
ôһ㣬ģȴҪƯ࣬ԲʸУɫ
۾Сֱͦ촽ʺ챥˿ϲм
ļӳģԵüΪۣԿóûлױŨ
ױĨ˿ѷɫ 
    ڴϣ˹ȾԵѷɫˣֻһ
ƹĹװ¿㣬ܿ󣬽´˶Ь˫米ȥ
һߡ 
    Ȼ˹ֻһͨߣҪ֪Ȼ
Ĵԭʱֻңͨ㣬û˻ðΣ
ΣȻżм̽ЩǽȺģûһ
Ů̽ա 
    ˵ɣ˭ЩΪʲô׷ɱ㣿Ӣʡ 
    ˹һϲŶϵ۱ӣ벻ﻹһӢ
ˣ̫ˣ 
    򵥽֪˹ƣҵ־һ
ߣΪҪҪ׫дһƪ޵սƶר¶ޣ
̹Ϊ˸룬ʵ˽յһðݣʱ
սƫԶһ·¼һ·ɷ˿Īɣ 
    ȻҲǵһ˴ƫԶһ򵼣һ
·ȻϣСΣҲü𣬵оգȻ
ӵϢ˵﷢˴£ҪϻȥȻҲƸԼһ
ȥһŮԲͨҵĵطɷõǺΣյģȻƼ
йðվ񣬲;ϣΪһôҲѧ
һ㾭飬һ˲ɷõ鲻ڻʲôΣգǾܾ򵼵飬
û취ֻöȥ 
    Ȼ֮ԶƵԤƣ죬ֻڴ
˼ƬȴðһȺֳĺ˴󺺣ҪƵ
һ·ƬʮҪȻϽֻ÷ܣ
ڿ챻һȺ׷֮ʣǴӾư복
Ǿ֮ʱҲϳ 
    ʵʱȻܣҲǻŲ·ʱӾư
ǺǾóóȻϳģ֮Ժԥϳǿһ
ŻƤף˵Ǳˣ֮زز 
    ֪ĴźȰҾûλ򵼵Ļһ
󣬲ڸĻü㻹ǻȥɣΪǸʲôר°
ˡ 
    ŶҡͷһҪĿ״
̬ףҵĹȰҲܺõ 
    ȻǺðɣףˡ˵ձ֣ʾϳ 
    ˸ϳһҺţ˽ûڣ
һѵһĽҰܲʿŶ 
    ѾΣо˳㻹ô 
    ɫתһת΢ЦȶӢֶῪ
ҵ򵼣𣿡 
    ²Уй 
    һḶнģšһԪô 
    ⡭ 
    еĶˣȷʵҪǮҲ˵ҪοڣԺ
ҲҪ׿㹻Ǯ취ȥҪǮڶĳ
һҲԪϵȷе׽⡣ 
    ĶƸ˵ļˣúÿһ£
ܻŶҿԺһһڿĪɣͣգ
⼸տǿǡ 
    ˣ˵ʲôӢĵһһͷˮ 
    ˵Ƹ򵼲⼸ҪҼס졣 
    ˫ԲԵЩԾӦ𣿡 
    ʱûӦ 
    ЦЦȻָһ£ҼסӦûʲô
⡣ 
    ǻͷ˿ƣƳһЦ֣ˣã
ҽơ 
    򵥵ӢǻˣҲЦЦŵӢ
ãҽǡ 
    ǺǣӢˮƽ 
    ʼ΢ЦȻλȻǲôһء 
    ЩȻûת׿ 
    ڿأ˵㳤Ưⶺ 
    Ϊ棬˵üЦ׳Ӣ˵лл
Ȼһ߱Ȼһñ˵ҲǳƯֻΪڸлԼ˵
Ӣ˵ĲҲЦűȻһһʱ䣬Բͨ岻ͬŮ
˿ȥ̸ǶδƵġ 
    ŮĵôͶʵǸ˵ţͷ죬
ЦȴֲõЦĲˣֻýڳȥһ±æ
˳ȥֱʮԶŹЦᶼЦˡ 
    ӣٶȷسڣʱŮѾָ˰Ͼ
ֻ֫ǽ˶õġ 
    ˣǻȥɡǿ˿ɫ 
    ʱѾӽˣȻﴦȴ򣬴ĸ˱ˣ
˿ǴһƬСУܿҲǺȣ֮
ȥΪɲʱôڵȴ˷ˣҪ֪ǻһ
Ĵ磬ĿľҪԼȤĿڴﵽ
ȲˣϾһʱѾˣ
Ҫȥĳϰ࣬ʱǴҲͲСʱˡ 
    ٵһ°ɣҲǰ˻Ѱء˼һ 
    ǡǾٵһɡӦţʵ̾ã
ôһ¡ 
    ʱƴӺ̽ͷˣһ֪ʲôأĹ
ձ 
    ûķ˷ۣйˣ 
    ŶǸ 
    Դεʼ漴Ŀת˴⡣ 
    Դӿƶһֱֻ˵ú˵˵ǣû
Ļڿһ޼ʵĲԭºĲݵ飬Զ
ֲźüСһСɽȻ뵽ʲôæ˫米
óһŵͼϸϸһᣬȻ󾪵Ŷ찡ѵ
˹ԭ𣿡 
    ֵǰôˣ 
    ̫ˣһֱԭһ̽գΪҪһЩӲ
أû뵽ôͳǰˡ 
    һ˵һ߾˷ܵƿţȻӰóһ̨˳ȥ 
7 
ֳͣĶһĲԭţʱʱıŽǶȣ
ǰţţţתžͷŽ࣬ʱİſţʮ
רҵ 
һֱǵȻԭϵһ᲻ʲôȤ
Ʊֵ˼ȸгԾ־ЦΪȤ˶
ȤĿŲϾơ 
ۿԽԽԶҪѣһֱֻƵԼ
ϣ漴ǵ𣺡Ŷװģúĸɣ
Ǳ 
ȥȴһ˫ˮĿԼͿĨʺ
뿪ϣСûŴǣһִֻĴϣ
ĸš 
ģȻбƳһ۴⣬ֻƴ˿
ʮ׿⣬˷ܵӣһʱǲģ¶
ĵ΢Цȹ£˿วȵϣҲ
ǡ 
ЦģǹӾ֪ƽ˶ 
ǺǣǻʲôأЦĴڲһѣ
һΣʹԼ뷽֮ڳһռ 
ǰȹһᣬ¶Ķڿ㣬ﵽ
ϣ˫ȦסĲӣбؿˮŤʹ˽λϵĥ
ǽ͹һ飬һᣬλñӡһСʪա 
һ˵ĺ꾫΢۾Ƿŵģ̲
ס˵һ䡣 
һ㶣գ۾ɻ˵ʲôأ 
˵ˣһ˵һ߽⿪
̧ƨɣţпʵȸٽڿһڵԾȻ
ϡ 
Цĺܿģ̽סϵһ˿
ŶҲԸУһԣҰ 
У߬󣬱Ͼ
˵ļһƫˣ֮ƥУҲС
ˣ޳ָĴָͬĳָײſסȴִ
һ£ǽӽԼȭˣӲȶȥĺ
Ⱦй֮޲ȻҪǣǰ
ǵģϵоʲôԴġ 
˫ְǵķΣָʱιŶ
ֿϸЦС㣬㻹ʲôأһҲȵЩ
Ŷ 
ǿЦȴһһķȣһְסֻ
ֿϸ֣ĵװģûоġ 
ǺһЦɿ˫֣Ժһıðɣ
 
˫ϥϣȹһֱᵽϣһֲʪ
ⴽĶֿϸһַͷ׼ԼⴽȻ䶯£
Ƭ㺬ס˹ס 
ջ˫֣ļͷϣ۾ӿʼ³һ
ûףٵһֱûһʱͣ£
һŶˣҵȻһ¡ 
ԭͣס˵֮ʣȴһͦʮ߰׳
һ룬һͱףɷһУ΢ 
㡭ΥԼ˵Թ 
Цһ̬ðɣ 
վԾḻĲӦҪΪнʱû
ˣЩխܿӦˣ˫ַļʼ
»ζ 
Ŷϣϵۡˡͷһ
ķԽԽ󣬺ֺɫͷͷİڶĴ衣 
ǵγ֮ʱʱ֣ůʪĦʹ
ֱ̾ӣ㿪ʼоβ׵΢飬йӿˡ 
ʵϣȣԾ൱ޣΪֹֻһŮ
йܽӴһʼʶ֮ǰ
С﷢йһΣڵȻһйעˡ 
Ϊ˼ﲻǿй⣬תע˫һ
ǵȹ㱻ͷ˶鷿ΡΡԾһһ
ͬѺš 
Ŷҵ졭еˬĴСУȫ˲
ˡ 
бƳһ´⣬ȻԶֹͣ㣬
漴ɫ¶һĨЦݣת㣬ȻѾ֪ڷʲô 
죬ҧҧң˫ֽȦסĲӣ
ȫϣһֻյߣ״ε˽š 
ȻſںסͲӲʯһͷţ
ţҧסԲͷʱҧקֱֳ
һ೤ɿ죬ͷѸֵȥ÷һơ 
    Ҳûţ˫סǵΣȻ
ʶĽ°ཻĲλײžž죬ˮǱ
Ħĳʰɫĭ״һһ˳ϣм
Ϊѹ䵽ϡ 
찡ϵۡ죬ҪҪˡֹǿ
ʶйѸٶѻͬҲԸв
԰Ρ 
ʱȻǿϣȨѾȫɥʧΪ
ûʶˣȫƾ˫һһµ
˶ 
ǿıʹ˿˽֮о
ڵļ⿪ʼ¶ȼߣ֪־Ҫ
߳ˣԼʱҲͬǼˣʹһƵ
ʶȻӾ磬˴֮ĳܹײžžֱ졣 
ͬҲоڵͣ¶ȱˣĿ
ʵ̫ǿˣѸٽϸ߳˻˽Уҵġϵۡ 
ˡ 
ĸоһҺ˹ͷϣʹ͵Ĺͷֹ
ɷһͺȣһǺݻͷڹڴҽӶļ
 
˫˫̱ǣӷ·𱻳ȥͷƵſĻ
˫ۻǽ§סĲӣһԷѹĿڱǼ䣻§
ӣĺĦţָʱӹɹѹ
Ѫ 
ˣǽ𣿡һôЦĿ
ˡ 
һ΢оȣæֽ̧Ǳʻλãæҵ
ԼȻ˸ƣʾϳˡ 
ңȴԵú⣬̱
һ׽Һڻϵȹһ֮ǰ
ϣźںӺ޹˼ڱ¶⣬ĴϢ΢
΢䶥ڳѪͷȷĸ߱˴˿
ܸ߳ϡ 
΢ЦȥŻرȻʼŶ
֪𣿸ղһֱĳ̥ᱬҺãûз 
һ죬æתƻôƬĵĶ𣿡 
ǳ⣡üɫ˵־һСĺ
ģʱһڵ־ᷭ 
ǺǣҾȹϲˡʼ 
ллԭһӾʵġ 
ͨ⾵Ƴһ۵㲻򵼴ȥԭ
̽հɣ 
Ϊʲô˦˦ƯĽ𷢵㲻һǳ
𣿡 
ûҲ֪֪ǣǳΣգʺƯ
Ůȥ 
ллҸ棬Ȼҵ뷨 
֪λƯļ߹£ı뷨²Ǽô
£ڵһ˾ʹͿԿԸģ
ҲʶȤĲȰ˵ˣֻ˼һԪӶԼȥ
ԭ̽յ׻ǲҲʵۣϾһΣյĲ
¡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
СʱӿԼסũׯԺʱѾ
ʱˣ¥µĴųţ׿Ѿˡ 
ˣС㣬Ҽˣһ߽⿪ȫһߵ 
ѾǵһˣȻźͻһ
ϵ׿Ĺϵһֱܺãֱ൱ڰ
ˣֻŷ⾵һ·ͷȻƿź׿ˣ
컹λӴ 
䣬ͼ׿ڿ첽˵ǵĻӵţͬ
ʱŶǽ㣬мûŶ㣡 
ˣҲ㱦һ׿գЦеȻ
һϢ 
׿ʲôϢʱȴһװ磬̾ѽ
ǽ㣬Ưȹӣ̫ˣİ 
ʱ˹˵׿ôô簡 
׿ûлشֻЦųһоЩĪ
ʣȴ߳һˣе㲻˳۵Ǹ⡣ 
ﲻɡ⡹һ£û֮ǰԹйŮ
һݻܽ𣿶һǶ׿⣬Ƕ
ֶžͿԿóˣǲѾʲôɣôţ
ɿϸһ׿ľɵ׿Ż
ǴæϵӣҲѱ֮ûзʲô 
ſɫЩÿ׿ɿһк㼱
Ҵҵˣʧ˵׿Ų磬㿴㣬˼
ˡ 
ûôˣҿʲôҲû 
ߣ׿˦˦ͷƣǵλ
 
Ȼ˵ʲô׿Ҳ֪˵Լ
󷽷ǰֵˣãҽƣ 
Ŷ㡭áҡ׿򵥵ʺҲ
Ӣһ£һ仰˵ĽͰͣĿİ 
Цҡҡͷ׿״ҪȴǵŶ
׼ȷ˵Ӧѡ 
׿һתתһ˿Ц߽磬а
Ůѣһ¾͸֣̫ͬˣ 
Ϲ˵׿һۡ 
׿ЦĳͷȻǺƵ֣
ǽݣȻԲͨ׿һֱں˵ߴߴ
 
Ȼȴ׿ӣŵĳֵζ
Ƶһ£ȻһᣬһƵ
ѽǽ㣬ʲôζ֣ 
ԣǽһ㶣Ȼ׿˵ʲô
²µ˼ϲ¶һ˿ζЦݣҲ
ˣĸоȣæԱ㣬ȥ׼͡˵վͼ
ææˡ 
ȴǺ⣬෴ĳ׿գգ۾Ц
ҸղҪ˵ĺϢ˵꣬׿ߵ˼䡣 
գ׿Цͣʱȴǵˣ˵ˣ˵
ˡ 
˵˵ʲô 
СѾͷװɵղǸе˭ǲ½Ѱ 
׿׹һЦԭ˵һŲҵ
أŮѣչأŶ
ˣ㻹û˵ȹأ 
һһСߴߴ·һԿʼ
ĵһЩƬˣӱóʼǱԣӺøߣ
ʼžžû 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ˣλС㣬Էɣڲߺš 
ƺϱʼǱԣվչһ½ǣƵߣ
ŲϰŲٲȣϺлأƷ಻ף
ȥҲ˱ǣɳԾ۾Ŷû뵽㲻ļߣ
⿵ˮƽҲô̫˾ˣ 
ЦЦк£ʱ׿Ҳ¥˵˵ЦЦ
ǰȴ׿Ŵе찡磬̫ƫˣһڼʱ
ɴûôʢһŶ 
Ե𣿡 
ߣƫ 
Цҡҡͷ໰ˣϽԷԹ˰Сʰһ¥
һ䣬һЩʲôë̺֮İ׼һ¡ 
û⣡ 
ͷת׶ƵԹһ¥ȥϢɣѾ
׼˷һЩƷסϿɲҪȥٳҿɾ;Ȳ
㡣 
ʼðɣһסҸġŶˣ˵С
ã찡ûɣǺˣȴǻ˰ 
˷۵ѵҪѪԵϵſ𣿡 
ŶȻ飬˲ÿ̽˽ϰûм
ϣתǳԹ֮ȥʲô 
ϰడӾŵ㵽賿㡣 
һϰ𣿡 
ĳǺɹ١ 
Ŷƾһ۾ŹԴȥ 
Уһڻؾ 
Ϊʲô 
ĳɲһյĵطҪʱҿɱ㡣 
Ҳղˣұֻ֤ȥʶһ¶ѡ 
ҲУ 
 
һһ˵֣һߵ׿
ɻ̲ס˵ʲôأ 
˵Ҫȥĳιۡ˳ڴ 
ð˾Ƶļһָһߵ
ȥĳι۰ɣû⣬Ҿˡ 
ƴǵ˼˵ıסŶ̫ˣлл㣡 
˵գƳһۣƺ˵㲻ң˴ȥ 
˵ûʲôңˣ۵ 
Ŷʲôˣ׿ 
һЦұһһǹԴҿڣ
Ǹһһ߷Ѿӵԭιʨȥˡ 
Ŷ磬̫ˡ׿վ
һڡ 
㻹Цһ߲˲׿µտˮһߵҪ
ٳʲô£ҿû취 
ˣǿġ 
ðɣȻԸȥİȫͽˣҪǳʲô鷳
ԼţҰ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
Ͼŵ㣬ǣ׼ʱŬ˶ĳ˴ר
ԱĺŽȥĳڲȻҲר˰أİˣ
һˣǲģǺţǣ
ǶĳȻҲͲ˵ʲôˡ 
ŵƹ谵ȣǼ¼䣬ǱȻĹ
ʱǶƵΪ˲˹ע⣬ҾҲ
·ȽϺá 
ǵ˼˵ˣȻͬ⣬˷ͷ׼
Ů¼䣬ʱһƷĺӼҴҵ˹סҪ
¼ˣϰȥİ칫ҡ 
ӿ˵ϰǶĳɣᣬȻףڵ
ŶõģȰ·˾ȥ 
ϰ˵ˣֻҪһȥ㻹ǿȥɡӴߵ 
ʲô°ô 
бʴ⣬ϰ嶼ˡ 
Ŷ΢һϰǶĳϰ壬мֲͼ
֪ͼĶӣʵۣȨܴ󣬲ҵҲ϶࣬
ĳ﹤ҲˣϰĴȣ
һǾһƳôˣҪָԼ 
ʱֳɫɫЦݣЦˣƣ㣬
ϰ椻㣬ӣƨɣ̣ٺ
 
Цţ䲻оϱһ£ʱŭתҪȭʱ
ȴǣһЦС㰡ף
λСǣİ 
ʱû·⺺˵ʲô
ƨɵģΪĵãʱûǰһһ
š 
ѣ㰡ɱ⡣ 
ڨڨһЦأ˵գȥɣ 
Ҫȥģæ 
ϰ˵Ҫ£Ҫȥ칫ҡȥһ£ˣ
ˣǳʲô 
һЦȻÿˣȻǵȺɫǸ˲ɡ
ڰ 
ɣİ칫λڶ¥棬ҲͶʮƽ׵ӣ
Ҳ൱ªһŰ칫һŴΣһɳ֮
Ʒˣǽϵ˲ٻ̵ĺн𷢱ۣʽıȻ
ŮɣмĳǹͺĻǳŮԽĻ 
ԭɣרλϴ˿ȴһˣ൱
С͵ı˵ףڵķƤԻǵ۾ӣ
죬ϹűȳĴֵָĽֱؿϣϻ
ͬɴ죬һǶʯڵƹҫԡ 
ǶĳĴϰֲͼϻһŮɣǳ
ǣŮһƤǳ𪣬ʮָͷȧ΢͹ϻ
źŨױһɫĨأĨغ̣ܶס쳣˶Բ
鷿Բļ򼰰ĶƤȫ̻¶⣬ԲԲĶϻ
һʯ껷ʮۣ 
ŮڼֲͼϣɫƤȹסǼΪβ
ƤȹŵĽģ˵ĴŮ΢Ƥȹͻѡ 
ܴŮǲͨббֱ޳Լ
ŵĸ߸ЬȫͿжȼֲͼ߳һ㣬˸ķ
ŮȴĵĺԵúǲЭ˸еֺЦ 
ʱû˸Ц׳˶Ĵ󺺱ϹϾĴһԣɣ
Ҳվڼֲͼߣһ˲ָ治ʱ
š 
ˣɣᣬЩĿͲһ㱨ˡֲͼһͲͷ
Ļ˻֣Ҫһ⣬ǧŪˣ֪ 
ɣջ˲Цϰ壬ͷİɣһ
Ҳǵһθˡ 
ܴ⣡ֲͼüһβͬһĻ
ֵʷģݲаʧҪǣҵõϢм
;١ 
ɣһ˭ô󵨣ҶϰĻ 
ڻȷĦǱѲ˹ϵֲͼ޺޵ 
ɣĬȻˣ֪Ħͼͷ˴
Ѿʮˣʮ˫˵Ȼ
ͼռϷ磬ѳ˽Ϊ͸ԣĵ̣ĦϵƫԶɽ
ׯԼԭȥˣ޷ǣʹʱʱɧһ£
˷ʤ 
֪Ϊʲôõ˽ѺԱ˰ɣ
Ҫȷһʧ˳͵ֲͼһ˵һߺݺ
һϵλŮӵ鷿ʹĴŮüͷһȴҷ
ʹЦֺõĴǰĥؿڡ 
ˣˣɣͷϰ壬ģƼ
־һٵǸСӾǱһǷɵƣű
Ǵסˡ 
Ŷ˻ʹɵֲͼȤʲôͷǡ 
ɣֲͼ֪꣬Զɣæϰ壬ģڿĪ
ɣѾ˶꣬һֱͼľ۾ĦǱ߲
ʲôϸģοǸйˣܴȺ޵ġ 
ŶһйˣֲͼȤˣһй
ඡ 
ɣЦֲֻ֪ڻ᲻йһ治̫
ϰ 
ãȻǲ˵ô 
˵գֲͼŮɵβ̧̧ʾվŮ
ɻ⣬æվϻ̳ϿֵվһߡʱֲֻͼЦ˵ɣ
ᣬ㿴ô 
ɣٺٸЦǸ椡 
ֲͼһЦһǮһīģ
ĶŷŮأʲôʲô櫣Ȥ 
ѹƤôףôͦϰ壬۹⣡ɣ᲻ʧ
ʱƨ 
ǣҲеСźﲻͨÿνʲôҪָ
ֻŰ졣 
ɣЦϰ壬˭ֶ֪ΰﲻͨʲôư
ĵ»ԹǰǸԽ椣Ҳǽɲ
»Ǳϰѵﹷһ㣬Ҫʲôֻһƾˡ 
ֲͼЦȻɣķкãЦֻ֮۾
ɣᣬ㲻˵һǸԽ椣ǸҲһ˴ǮǸī
ģȻ椵Ƥû椰ףҲûĴ󣬵ĽС
δСŮƵģҲشϧӹǲôһ㣬
棬ҵŬ˼¾͸Ūˡ 
˵⣬ֲͼˣԱվһ󺺵ȥҵŬ˴
 
ȥûӣ󺺱ˣʱ϶һӣ
ӵһͷһֱ׳˶ĵ¹ڱȮĲϣѪͷ
棬¶ݡ 
꣡Ŭˣֲͼһڻ 
Ŭ˵Ȯ˷ܵҡβֲͣͼǣĴ󺺶Щק
סƴ󵹷ûбϹȥʱֲͼ󺺻ӻ֣ʾ
ԷſǴɿӣŬһ˵ǰֻǰȴڴε
߷ϣѪͷֱŪˮ 
ֲͼȮһᣬȻͷŬˣ죬
 
Ŭ˼ֲͼ£ķǰצڵϣֲͼ
ӳһִĻȳȻѶ㵽Զһ֣
ԼȣȻǽԼϡ 
櫺ֻ͵Ȯٳٲ߹ȥηηģüֲͼ
еȤȻڣһָŬˡһ
ȥ 
櫷һУ˵ֲͼĻǵ
Ե˶Ц 
ʱˡűƿվڵһ
Դϰ壬ˣ 
ɣæ 
Ŷ룬۾ٵһڣȻɣ˵ϰ壬ң 
ţɣͷָżֲͼʽһ£λ
ǶĳĴϰ壬Ҳͼ彫˼ֲͼ 
ֲͼûĳÿɣԽӴģֶĳ
ԱǸûֱģʽһ¡ 
˫ֺʲϹͼĴͳǼֲͼͬʱ
ףϰ尲 
ɣ˵ֲǲǻʹй򰡣 
΢΢һЦй򲩴ôܻʹֻԶһ
ѡ 
ֲͼԱһīɫĺ˴ֵķ
ͣȥԱԡ 
ǣϰ壡ķ͵Ĵ󺺽īһժַŽڴȻ
˫ֽճȭ̧һӭսơ 
ЩĿɣᣬôúý
˱ȭŵ 
ɣԼæֵˣţó汾³
 
߻û˵꣬ǱߵķȻȲˣһͺȱǰһ
һȭ׺ȭƼȿֺݣʱ۾ɣᣬ
ƺķ͵ĳֻδ 
ɣﲻɡ⡹һ£ϰƼģһ
֮±㱻ķͷŵԼ̫ûˣصļֲͼпܻ
ԼƼһõˣӶΪԼͼı졣 
뵽ɣ亹乶ȻܿͷԼĵǶģ
ֻɵһͷķ͵ȭıǼ⻮ͬʱ
Ⱥɨֻ项һƺߣķӴӾȻôȻ
¡ 
ɣתΪϲһĻĿɿڴֻˤķԵú
ģȻӻͳһǹ׼ 
ˣķͣҪʲôǹ£ɣȵϰ˵ˣֻ
ȭűԡ 
˵꣬ɣͽ۾ֲͼָԺֹȻȴ˿ûг
˼ȤȻĿǰͻһĻȻֹ̬
һķչ 
ķͼϰ岻ֹе׳ǰһǹ̫ܶѨ
ݺݵֻй㲻Ǻҿȭ
ҵǹ 
Ӳֱǹ̫ܶѨʹķ͵ŭ
һˣ漫װ£߾˫ֵˣƣ
 
ס죬й㡭 
ķͻû˵꣬ȻоǰһڵıǱܵĿ
ֻ֪һССĲԶûһĵز
ǹǴģºϰҲġ 
ͷķһͺȻķԼϵǹ
ɣʳָֻչû׹ôһʱһ֧
ǹܶϡ 
һж˵Ƿڵʯ֮䣬˵ķӻûת
ôһ£˶ûķǹôһգ۾͵
 
һʱţķ͸Ǳ齩Ӳ촽 
ˣ˵˻ƣ𼤶һʲô¶пܷǹ
ķ͵Уס´һй
ֵĻҲܱ֤ᷢʲô 
˵꣬Ҳʲôбǹհе漴
һסУеǹת䶯֮ۻң 
ãǳãֲͼƵ 
ǹ͵лķͣķڨڨӹε˵һߡ 
ˣйСӣԸңղʲôǹᵽԼ
ģ̫˼ˣĶħ𣿺ǺǡֲͼȤʡ 
пֶС΢ЦйǺܳһ
ʽ 
̫ˣ̫ˡ 
ȿȡɿһ£漴ҹֻǽôһ
ɣ 
ȻǣֲͼʱĿģЦ
ɫҪѺһȥ̹ɣϡ 
̹ɣϣ΢֪ǸطǧأѾˣ̹
ڣҸҪҪᴩҰ޳û˹ԭ 
ǵģ̹ɣϵҹһֵǧԪľ𡣡ֲͼ
յڻֵ޴ݲһʧף 
ǡ̫˻ϾѺһҪµʱ
䣬ôãΪ̫׿ 
ֲͼɫ΢䣬һԵɣ״æˣϰŵù㣬
Ͻлϰʶ 
֪ɣԼԲΪ˲Ϊѣͬʱͨ˼ֲ
ͼɫҲ֪һѺԼǷǽӲˣ˭Լ˼£
˼ҵĵ̣˼ҵģǵͷлϰ壡 
ֲͼЦŶģһҲ
ġ˵գ櫵ƨɣʾȻԼҲӴվ
ֵߣȥ˽˽һһͳ 
һȺκں°Χżֲͼ߳⣬ɣں棬ʱ
ɣִͷϵˣʵ֪㵣ʲôǲ㲻ڼҵ
һʱ׿⣿ 
ͷɣЦͷĺˣ׿ס
ǻúչġ 
ȷʵһ⣬ĺ֮Ƕʱȥ˲١ʱ
һѾ¥λ¥ĴԺͣһŴĴ
мԽҰΧвԲʷֳ֣- ͻǹʿ
Ѳߡ 
Ҫ͵𡣡ֲͼһ˵һߵݸһֽ
Ǿ嵥һѺҪɣḺΪĸ֣һ
ɸʮʿ 
Ҵҿһ嵥Ҫͻǹػǹ׵ȵȣ
Ҳл͵Ȼڣ翸ʽͲȵȣĻǴ
ҩ֮⣬Ȼ 
ˣûĻҾˣǵĺϢ˵գ
ͼ§櫵ϸ֫ҡҡλζȥ 
ϰ壬ߺãɣţֲͼͳ 
һᣬͽӶ漴ǳ·ֱ
Զȥɣ߻ˣ㲻ϰˣȥú
Ϣϰ˵׼ʱ 
˵ţǱߺȻһɣһܹȥ
ɣỹϳǹգȻܹȥŷԭ
͸վʿ 
ι֪֪˭ҡ 
ǣڸʲôɣǰһͺȡ 
壬ãЩҲ֪ģȻϵң
ҽȥ 
ЩʿǼֲͼľ񲿶ӣƽʱĳȻ
ʶ˭ŶĳԱƷǿѷžصأ
ʿͶˡ 
ɣһץסǵ󣬴ıԹϹ֣ﲻ
ĵطһȥ 
ӣ֪ȷʵһĵطҲˣ
ʱҲæҲﰡǡ 
û˵ֻ꣬ɣͻȻף˭ 
ԭҲɣʱһ¶䱸
 
Ҫ˵ȴȣϸĽ¸ɣ
ᣬͬʱʱ׸۸ţɣϽ䱸ɫʧֱ
ЦŶջС 
ȻɣǻԼʱС³Լ
ֶŮѾԸԳĺ˹ϵЦŴȤһ£ͬʱҲƷ
˽ġ 
һԾеΣȻȴǵȻ 
ǿµ÷ֿһʱˡɣһǸҺ
춼ҪΪϰѺһ˻µҪҲܻʱ
סɡ 
û⣡治һϢǿŵһɥı顣 
ЦЦллҽ׿ȥ 
ס˵ţż⣬ĶС
ȴֲʧװģҹѾĺܾˡ 
Сáϰƽ״̬кôܣ
仹ǰ΢¶̬ 
ǷζʮЦȻƵֱ
ǰ棬ŵŤŰƷȹµķΡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ʲôҲȥ̹ɣϣУԲУ 
ص֮ԼҪȥ̹ɣϣ²
ˣ˻߾ʹ˷أַ֮˵ͼ
̹ɣ˹ԭһͷҲ˵Ҫȥ̹ɣϱúᴩ˹ԭ
ҪһͬУһڻؾ 
ŶΪʲôȥ˹ԭҲӦˣ
лҪȥƵɴ۾ȻһǿԸ
ġ 
ⲻǱ⡣ֵ֪ȥ̹ɣϸʲô 
;𣬾ǸղڶĳԺЩװĶǹ֧ҩ
Σյģ 
Щ֪Ѷˣ˵;úڣ
ΪָҵǹƥΣջˣ෴
ܻܿĺģȥԸӵǿҡ 
Ȼ۾һŶҵϵۣû뵽һϷ޾
ľף̫ˣ̼¼ȥһ䶯ġ 
п࣬ʱȴ¥ϴַɧŶ
װģǻʲôϴϴɣԡ׵ˮҶˡ 
ãûɣҲϢɡ˵գ
ҲƵ뿪ơ 
ߣҸˡ֣Լı¥ȥ
Լķ䡣 
׿ũׯԹ滮ܺ
صĵܣ۽ǿƼũׯȫ
Ԣ룬֮ľʵףũׯʵʩ൱ƣ
ȫͬڱּªӡ 
¥һĸ䣬ÿ䶼ϴּ䣬ס
ңϴּ൱󣬲ԡʵʩȫһһԡס 
ԡаСʱֱˮʼ䣬
ӣһ׿ɵ˯´ϣȻƿϴּš 
ܻ谵ֻдͷ̨ƿСȣǲϣҲ
֪˯ûУվƬ̣ͷľãȻ 
˵ʵڵģûϲĸоû̫Ĵ
ǽļΪ޺ԸУӲĽԵ
ǲӴġ 
һֱûкǷϵҲȻԶԣһˣ
֮ǰշ磬оԼΣǲѶŮ
ѵΣԼҲ֪ 
һСᣬعҡͷЦһ£ֱߵǰС
ӣսãһȵĻ 
Բ𣬰㳳ԥһỹֽס 
˯Ŵϣ˷ܵ˯Ŷ 
ȻʧЦô𣿡 
Ȼѵ㲻֪Լж𣿡 
Ǻǣһ治֪Ħһʵļ
һ˵ʵҾǻҪһ˽⣬ȷǵĹϵ˵
أ 
ǵĹϵһ㶣漴ԳЦŶ̫ɰˣ
㲻Ǿ˴͵һɣ 
Щ㵣ʱȴһſϣ˫Ц
ŶĺӣһûŮӴ̫Ű壬̫Ͱˡ 
еգԼǸˣͬʱҲоһ˿
ȻʱȴߵЦװģ㲻ڽ֮
ǰһаɣ 
˵أƵһͷ 
ŶǲʹһҾ
ǡ 
ɧӲɺ޺޵һ䡣 
ɫͷдӲôʹһѸͲ
ӲСʯ飬ʹ֮ɫǼΪһ㣬
ʣʵ촽ſ³޺ͷţ
˳Ųһ·£ͬʱֻҲûţںҵĦ
ţĹ˯µŦһһ¶͹ؼʵ
СǵСƵؿʱ˯Ѿȫ⿪ 
Ķ뵽֮ǰ֪ˣͷ
ʱһŭ־סͷһʱǵͷ㱻ȴ
ؿ̧һɵ۾Ŀ 
ھ 
תȥſã 
ĵЦ⣬ϲ̵İ˵ת֫ſ
ϣƨɶ֫Ťʹ÷˶ƨҲŲסζͬʱʱ
ŤͷƵףţŶ죬 
ʱǾжȥŨױǴۿۣ
ȴǲ۲۵ĳǰڻ谵ĵƹ£һ
һƥڶУɢ˵Ĺϰڴϣ΢΢
ݵļ˳֮ϣβʱﵽߵ㣬ţֳĥ̵
Σ˳мι¿ȥɱ档 
˳֮ǷɧĹǵ̬Ѹٹţ
Ӳ±ȥԼ·ƨɺ
˫⣬һͦһʪޱͬʱ
Ҳůмӵ 
Ŷ찡ðͷ 
ҲһƺߣڽյйĿв
ǿһסȻһٿ籩ĳ壬Ƶ֮죬
֮ңٲȻѳķ룬·йһ㡣 
𡭡̫̫ˡҪҪ 
Ǽߺȫû뵽һͻҵ԰
ӡһֱǴݵº
ڳ԰Ҳǲ죬жȡ 
Ȼڣһˣǰװһ
ɫǵԼٶȿÿһ¶ȫ룬
ǷУ 
֮ʧ̬Ϊû˼ҵԽǰ
ļԻУһҲʮֿ͵ģں
ȼֱ΢ˡ˳ٶ֮켸ʹ
ΪǸӲȵδ뿪Լⱻʵʵڵ
ײʱʱ̵̿Ǹȷʵ˶ 
찡ŶϵۡСˡˡ 
 
ܼĹ£ǲһӱ㱻˸߳Ӿ
Σֹ˸оˣȫھ޴Ŀ֮
С 
˵ŽǸʼղڷûľ
ĽʲͦͣǼֳ
ƵǵӸɱ 
һǼǿˣղһлûɢһ
طɢ͵
Ħ̵ļڻģֻһ֮ǰ
ǰţֻ˵ʲôԼҲ֪ 
һɹɳĭ״ҺĿٳб˳һελ
䣬ĴʪһƬҲܲѣĳײ
ǵӱĲסǰƶˣȴһδα˫ֿס
˻һһϼ䣬ǵµķǰƣҷԽԽ
˦ȥ 
һ߳ô˳µϯȻ״Σ
㡭١ˡҲˣ棬治ˡģ
ء 
޺Уǵȫ̱ڴϣǰǶԷ鱻ѹԲ״
ֻľסס˶Ҫſ 
˸ǿȵĳ˵ͬһ޴Ŀ飬Ҫ֮ǰǿһ
ڵĻҲֲôʱ䣬ھ
θ֮߳Ҳ쵽˱ıԵҧȫִֻ
ǵƵǰأһѽԼĻֻ
ʹĴһԷ飬зƵ
״ָʡ 
Ǽˣһˮйһɢȫ裬
ʹԼһƬҶ쫷ɨƮƮ죬ʵĴԽԽ
Զ 
ȻǸоǰһʹʹ΢һ£
ԼѾǹƣǱһ˫ʹ
קԼͷɫͷקֱֳʹɵ
ӵڣǼȵı͸ʹ
ҪźֲͬĸоҪˡ 
١㡭ӡѾüˣ
һֻҰޣ͵͵ĺ֫ʶ춯͵
 
ӡǣӡҪӡ
޼ɵӦţһ˿§סĲ
Ťţβǲסѹĥ 
ǵķŤɣʪѨҶҪûʹ
һֶ֮ﵽ˼ޣٶ͵ŨŨľҺˮǹһ
ĻϣеĻĵõ˹̾ҺϴʹϽ
εĸ߳ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
峿һ͸һƬʹʱ
̧ۿһǽϵӣָʾѾˣҪ׼
һֻ첲סԼһֻȺԼϣ·
һֻצסԼ塣 
ҡͷһЦŵǵֽţʵе
ʹһ㣬һ±㾪۾ıס
Ŷװģ˯һ 
˯ɣҪˡЦЦˣҾҪȥ̹ɣ
ˣҲڵ⼸׿Ͱˡ 
ЦЦһǷװģİɣһúչ
׿ġ 
Ǻǣлˡ 
ôˣҲˣ 
ôˣǵһòʹһæ
̽ѯ 
ǽĵİһۣ㺦ģˣ
²ˡ 
 
ƿǵĴȣȻµ
𣬷һ췢ͷмһпС
ѹֻʣһɫķ϶ 
ŶǱǸû뵽Ǹ 
̫ǱԹţ漴Ц㸡գ
ҲǷǳ飬̫̼̫ˣû뵽˹˹ĵ
Ҳ˿Ұһ棬ֱһͷŭʦ 
ЦŴĻˣЪŰɡ 
ǹԹԵϱӸǺã壬۾ʵķ
ڻûȫ鲻ȷҪٺú˯һ 
·һ˯ڴϵǣ漴˳ȥ
¥ȵķƾȻڿɳϣ˫ȣǰڷŵĵ
ż̡ 
ˣϺãк 
һû˯һ 
ȻǣƺϱʼǱԣվһұ
ҲͰСʱҡ 
ЦЦ¶Ҫһȥඡ 
ȷЦ֡ 
УִҪȥҲͲٶ˵ʲôˡ 
ͬˣ̫ˣҡ 
ȵȣҵĻû˵أ㣬ͬˣͬûã
ѺĲңҪϰԼϰͬųɡ 
תһת漴ûϵȥˣԼ
ϰʹϰ˵ģǻͬġ 
Уû⡣ 
˵գߵĴԺÿеĶý֣
ȭ磬ǾԼѹȵĶˡ 
ѾһСʱ֮ˣʱƾһֱ
ǰ̨ϴĿţ·һƵġ 
䤱ĽʱĹ޵̫ˣ
ֱһĸ񶷱ݣ 
ǺǣֻչһֽŶѣ̸ʲô񶷡ЦЦ˵
ݣ¥ԡҿʼϴ 
ԡҳʱֻ¥µĳƮһζʳָ
󶯣һ㶣ͷһ£ֻһεӰڳæ
 
ף׿ǡǳҪֻ֪Ҫڼҵʱ׿
ԼȫָģôͻȻڿ 
磬ҪԶţôأһ˵׿
һ߶õ͡ 
һ弦һ鿾һţ̣Ȼ൱򵥣Ҳ
ḻʵݣЦ䣺׿㻹 
ǵȻ׿ǳֶͣһݷƸǰ 
ллЦһݺܱ׼͡ 
һǽģȥ˵ţ׿Ҫ¥ 
ȿȣȵȡΪεĽס׿е㲻
ýˣ˯һᡣ 
׿һ㶣漴¶ЦƤĳգգ۵֪ˣ
ǽеô֪Ŷ 
ʱ׿ੲݵһסҪ˵Ļ
Ȼݺݵһͷ԰ɣôϻ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ϰ˵㣬һԲʷŴ߰ｺЬ׼ʱͣž
ĳԺȻſ˫米ƣֻһͷɫ㷢
ԺԵˬɾ֬δȾȴ쳣׾ࡣһɫ
ŷʴɣڴĻɫװ㣬һǳɫϵ䣬һ
˫ϴ˹˶ЬԵʮֵл 
ףôҲˣѾԺȺɣƲ
üͷ 
εʼ򣬰Ƶɣᣬɣһʱҡ
ͷ˵УһԵȻ˵ʲôͷҡ˹ľ֪
ǲͬԼͬˣǰϰ壿Ϊʲô
ҺһͬУô˵ҺҲѣͲչһ𣿡 
Ů˻ϵҲͽʶһ죬ͳ
аԺЦʵ⻰ɣˡ 
ɣɫԼͣҡͷҲͬ⣬
Ҫϰͬ⡣ 
ת̻صĴϰ壬ͬ
ġ 
 
ɣԥŸòþСʾֲͼʱ洫һʻ 
æ첽ͬʱŶϰˣԼȥ˵
ɡ 
Ҳ߳Ժ⣬ֻһͣſڣΪ׿·
һװĺżϼһͦʽͣȣ»ǹ
һ½Ѳ󽢣ļƤĻȫ
װʿ 
һͣȣƤϵʿ׷£Ļľ䣬ѵ
ءֳ֣- ͻǹʿֱɼǰ
ţīѩѵļֲͼ˳ 
ô׼𣿡ֲͼ³һ 
һ׼ɣṧĴ 
ܺãǾͳɡ 
ɣСϰ壬һС״иҪһ
ȥ 
ߣֲͼһ漴۹Խɣȥܿ
һȺ𷢱ۣƤ𪷢ơ 
ֲͼƵժī۾ϸһ£ȻԱߵһ
ʿŬŬ죬ʿ⣬̳ȥק˹ʮֱִ 
Ŷʲôſſš 
ֲͼһ˫СаĹâ̰ƵѲţȻֳ
ī°͵ɣ˵ǸҪͬеߣ 
һ㶣û뵽ļһȻ˵һӢʵ
ֲ֪ͼȻΪˣΪͼĶܹ
ĽѧޣȻ˵һڱȽӢ 
ǵģ΢ָ̬֮󷽵ĿǰΪҵ־
塣 
Ŷҵ־һֲͼٺһЦ
ⲽƵ󣬺Ȼ֣᲻صһβ 
ƾ漴ͱԱߵǹʿסˡ 
авãȻֲͼƣͼı죬
ֱ°ԳڰռϾĵ̣ʵۣ
ǿռһŮ˸Ͳ⣬Σоǿ
ҲǱ޳Īοڣ̹ʧ˭֪ͼ˵أ 
ʱеڣԼԼֲͼ˿˽⣬Ҫ֪
˺ɫͲƼһˣȻ˵ʲôҲˡ 
ʲôʲôƴţ鵹ôԵûź¡ 
ֲͼһЦٺ٣һûأû뵽һ
Լŵģӣ 
˵գֲͼӻ֣ǹʿЮҪק복ڣʱ
һ󺰣ſҶ԰˽Ŀ񣿡 
ϻŵЦļֲͼһ⻰ɫʱһ䣬һʾק
ʿͣһߵףʶ˽ 
ſſҡƴŭ⡣ 
ֲͼʾһ£ʿɿ֣һ߸Լ׽
ʹ˵һ߲ȻҲʶ˽һ
ܺõѡ 
ŶȻǵ½ıǺѣֲͼԵðŰɡ 
ƿ˵İ˾ǣ̹½ıȻʵͳ߾
ͼ̹ܲձȨ½ıüֲͼ
Ǽɵͼ;ϵòһֱŬֺǢĹϵ 
ʵͼ׳ںĦгռϷ 
֧ܲɷֵĹϵҪǵ˾ʹþתĦ
ǶͼǶ˵ԳƵһˡ 
֮⣬ҲͼϵҪ飬һμֵ
ǧԪľͨ˵Ĺϵ½ľƷɹŪġ 
ΪͼеĹϵĺ
ǺѹϵĻǿܵģǼֲͼգգС
۾Ŷ㻹ǰ˽ѣ 
֪̫ԼĻǽԼ˫米򿪣
һᣬͳһű㣬ڼֲͼǰ˻εɷ֮ǰڰ
Ӫ˽ҵһͣ˵ѿƾõ
İ 
ֲͼӹһȷǰ˽ıʼҲ
±߰˷֣ʱֻóһƬȻ
Ļݵֲͼǰ˵ҺͰ˽ĺӰ 
ССĻһԲսͷɫñӢˬ
Աһοˣһɫװٽ
Σǰ˽ƬıǸİӪš 
һ¼ֲͼǳˣεЦᣬԭ
 
ҲûͱˣʰԼڿҺ
һ˰ɣ 
û⣬Ȼû⣡ 
ֲͼҲ뾡뿪԰Լεľأֻ
ɣἸһȺʿҴ뿪ˡ 
ˣǣǳɣִָš 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
һаҩĴ󿨳úͿһ
ǰ棬ȻƾߣǰһصƤ
ڿ·ɣͼʿһԽҰڳβ 
벻㻹½ıйϵǺǣһ
һЦʵӦýĲııڲŶ԰ 
Ŷ飬Ҿܾˡ˦˦ͷԵú
ΪĻпܽӴҪĶӶҵĳԡ 
ĺȰݹŶ 
ǵģΪһݺĹ 
ЦЦûˣʱգգ۵ˣղҪǲ
Ǹѣ᲻־ң 
ᣡ˵ĺԥ 
ƿŵĻֵŶ찡̫ʧˣѵĿұ
һļһ̫ˣһʿľûУ 
΢΢һЦʼ˵ˣ 
Ŷϵۣˡ֮ͬĵ˰ɣ˵ţ
Լؿϻһʮּܣһϻͽģ 
ЦΪ˱ʾԼڽסˣ
ٿרĿ֮ӰóʼŪ 
ĪɣȻ󣬵൱֯һгʻٶ
һСʱſСʻ˹ԭ 
ԴһϲԭشƱ˷ͣĶųţ
ʱҪͣȥģһھܾˣ˵⻹ڲԭıԵ
شԽԽкõģʱᷢЩֵûʱ
ȥģһҲԣա 
ԭãһĲݵϷֲŻСİɽܻ
̣ʮּȣһгӾʻ֮䣬˸оС
¶ 
ȥƵ˷֮Ҳ֮ɢ
ɻ󲻽˹ԭôĲ̫һ 
Ŷ˹ԭģȤ 
޲ԭӦ洦ɼʲôʨӣԱ֮࣬
㿴ʲôҲûУֻ๷ 
ЦֻǲԭıԵش˵Щһǲ
ģڻǴģ⣬һЩȽϼе򶼱
ΪȻˣһн·߲ᾭȻġ 
ƾһԵúʧ 
Ҳ̫ģԭʱֱᷢȽȤ
ģӦò̫Ȥġ 
Ը˰ɣ 
ʮ 
ҪչؾĴ󿨳ټϲݵϺȴĲݵԼ
ʱֵӣһгӵٶȲ죬ƽÿСʱнʮ·
̣ǻ 
һֱʻ˽߰˸Сʱֱ̫бߣϦȾһƬ
ʱһгӷŰӪկѡһطһСɽ𣬵
ƽ̹ҲݵĳҲǺïʢһ¶޵ط 
Щ泵Ѻ͵ʿ϶Ұսĺ֣Բһӵʱ
䣬һСͱͬʱҲȼȻϽ̻
ҩڰȫ֮⡣ 
ҲæһʰͣƲ֪ȥˣ
һ椱֪ߵغ񣬶뿪ȥǸʲôԭ
̬ȻƬȥ˰ɣ 
뵽⣬ϽϸһܣûҵƵӰҪѯ
ˣȻɽһһ˼֪
ģɽա 
ĵĵɽ𣬹Ȼƾɽһ࣬ӭϦ
ڲͣšʱ򣬰ϦѾû˵ƽ֮£һĨ
ɫӳڹĲԭϣȻ͸Ʋ뷴䣬֯ʵϼ
ճһ˶ֶصĲԭ 
Ȼ˿ԡϼеҲԵ쳣ͮͮϦ
Ϸ·һߣǰϸǱӳİ͸죬
绨 
ҲûƵ㣬ôվֱĹһƨ
ڲݵʱǰļ˵ȥɣԺһ˲
Ҫߵ̫ԶԭȻȥʱܻ벻Σա 
ƶĻԵòΪȻɫĻ
վƨɵðɣɫҲĹˣȥɡ 
ȵȣȻɫصһס߹ơ 
һҪʸȴ꡹һ
״Ҳæ֧䣬Ȼһϸ΢ġɳɳʲô
ڲݴдζϸᷢ֡ 
ƲʲôֵģС֮ʱȴȻ
ѸݵĴһǹŵµĲݴԾǹǹ
⧲Ʊܵס˫ŵУҲ˵Ļ 
ǹɽµ˾ԾСɣָʿӭս׼Լ
ż˷ɿɽȴúõվһǹǹ
ڻðẉ̂ſ 
ˣʲôˣɣһͻǹǹڳϣ
 
ʱҲδĿȻҲΪʲô
úõͻȻǹ 
ջǹŬŬǿǡ 
˳ƿȥȵķ´һ׶ľ봦һ׳
ߣȫͨɫֱһ̵ͣǰ
ͷѾǹϡãȻ΢Ťţ˸оȶ
ëȻ 
ŶҵϵۣƳԾŴͣϦɹķһ±
Ұס 
ɣҲ൱Ծһ۾Ϳȫ̵ͨߣ߶
ԼǿĽ׺ߺųƷͿԿĳȻ
ԱȺ΢һ㣬ҪǱҧһڣȱҽҩ
Ļ±ҧ˵Ǳɵġ 
Ŷӣɣһ¡ 
ǺǣˣûˣȥɡһЦ
ȥ 
ҲղԵˣæȥ;ɣе֪
ߵӲΪղŵһĻеˣҪ֪
ʱȥǸݵһʱ䣬ɱ
ᱻҧһڡ 
صɽµԣұ㿪ʼкųˣ缱ڸ·
ûͣ˶ڳмȼˮִٶԸģԵϴ
ҶҪúôһ٣ĸȫڲݵϵϲϣʲô
ţɣ㳦ȵȣơƣʿɣΪḻ 
лл㣬ϸϸ׽һʱȻ 
ǺǣÿԺȷʵҪСһ㡣˵ţʲô
ֵǹ𣿡 
ǹ̫ᣡ 
׹һơƺ˵ûϵȻҽ㣬ѣ
Ȼҽɣһǹ 
˰ɡ 
ŷؼʱ̻ô 
ûпĬһȻգգŶΪʲô
ôã 
ǺǣҪʲôѵܾôĿΣ
֮жܲ𣿡Ц 
ΪƼĵ׷ʡ 
ȻȻΪأ 
Ŷ֪˺һ𣡡ƺȻ 
Īɻ󲻽Ϊʲôô˵ 
ѵϾûʲôĵط𣿳ʿķȣӦ˵
ĹȻҪ˵ľĺǻ˵꣬ԼҲ̲ס
Ц 
Цã漴ҡҡͷðɣ˵ˡ 
ʱѾȫˣԶĹľӣïʢݣм
ҹɫΪһ壬ֻյԾĻҫÿ
ӣеľ裬еƣ̬졣 
ͣɣҪһǹһѷ¶أͣ
̹Զǹ൱СɣȽʺŮԡ㿪ʼôţ
ôձգôһСʱǹĽṹ
ԼҪ죬ҹҶ˯ˣҲûʵؿǹˡ 
ˣҲյĲˣʱ䲻ˣϢɡ
ļУǹպã˳ֵλãõҲúá 
лл㣬ҺܸͬСƱɫ
ֿĹâ 
ǺǣԼС񣬳ƻ˻֡ 
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ڶ죬̫ӶĵƽȫʱһѾȫʰͣ
¼ˣʻĺĸʻλϣȻû
˷ˣֱĳڳϣʱʱĴŹǷ 
ôû˯ã⸱ήҲӲЦ 
͵ǰһһֻ¹ҹȷʵ̫
Ӧһҹû˯ֱ˲Ժ˭һᡣ 
˯һɡ 
ôߣô˯һǡ㿴ʲô찡ʨӣ 
ģʱʧӰ٣Ϊ˷ܵҡĸ첲
 
ʨڳǰԼԶĵطһͷʨӣһͷʨ
˺ҧһֻ򣬶ͷʨ䵱Ĺʱ
Ҫʳ๷ 
æҵóżԶʨӲϵİſţͬʱ
Уˣٿһ㣬һͺá 
УٽͻᾪЩʨˡҡͷ 
ܿ죬ӾԶԶȺʨδķʼ
طղĵЩƬʱ˷ܵĻʱַź̾
ҲĹеһ˿ 
쵽ʱ򣬸̨ϵĶԽǰһ䣬
ע⣬Сʻ 
ԼĪӣһСɽ£ǰȻһԭʼ
Сׯ﷿ݵǽڶĨɵģݶéǣԲ׶״
ǳɫ 
ƴΪ棬Ҫóգȴֹסˣɫ
ĴĶǱȽԭʼ˼Ҳؾɣ㲻ҪҶǳ鷳ġ 
Ҿնѣǳʲ鷳һ⡣ 
̾̾Ľ͵ڷĳЩ䣬ȽԭʼĲ˻Ϊ
ʹħǵߣԾñ
գҪǷԼˣһ˶ᱻ
 
ƳԾŴͣŶ찡̫Ұˣ 
˵ţǰȻͿĨɫᣬͷëΧ
Ƥİˣϻóìľһӵϣ
ס˳ǰߴָָ㣬֪˵ʲô 
ǰ·ĸƤò֮ͣҲͣɣ
æһϤǰȥ棬һᣬɣɥ˹
ˣɣ߲ˡ 
ô°ϰ壿ӳ̽ͷʡ 
ǲļڣֹһ˴ﴩж⾪
Խ߲ˡ 
˵꣬һ˵£ɣӻָӴҽָͣ
һյϣ˱³˼𾯽ģ඼
ĵڲݵϣе죬еֱӴȥ˯Ե
¡ 
ʱԶԶһ󼤰ĻͬʱŵĻһһĻ
ȻʲôҲƾ糱ˮһ˾ͿԲµóԽǧ
ڻ򲻿Ч 
찡ǱڸʲôĿ⾼Ķķһ
 
кЦǵ벻ȥǲļ񣿡 
𣿡Ρ 
Ӧÿ԰ɣȥʡ˵գߵ˵˼䣬ֻ
һˣָָȻţﻹʱ˵
ʲô 
һᣬֻ򵼷صǰֹ˼䣬ͷص
ԣ򿪺ţͰͣһˣȻ
֣صƸǰ˵ˣȥǱ߿ɣ㲻׼ 
û⣡˷ܵǿȥɡ 
һ˵£ƷǰСɽǰһ
ߵĲԭСɽԶԶȥһϷֲټ
ɫϡ 
Сɽ֮ббСж˹֮ǰһƬ
֪Ĺ֣ٴƬֺǱҵ󻶺ķԴءһ
Ƭ㳡һľ޴յء 
㳡һСվˣŮеĸ
ಲеĴ̿㣬еľΧһƤŮģһ
͸еĴһţֻ鷿һǰţ
һŮ΢һ㣬Ҳǰ鲼ƬѡǸ
Цݵ㵸ȸԾھٰ񻶽һ 
Ǹ˵Ĵ£ǲΧ۵Ĳˣ
þ޴â£һųӺһˣЩ
ȻΧ۵ЩҪ߹ЩΪǵĴűȽʽϵװ
Ʒܶ࣬вǽȹơ 
еһŷ޴ͳɫ۵ĸͷһо
ۣϵװƷҲݻƤĲȦȦĻ
ӣһֱؿڣϻŽʮָ˴ĴָⶼŽָ
ǽĿ 
Ǹ·˾ֱߵͷǰС˵˼䣬
ͬʱָָվơͷһһ۾
֮ͣǸ˵꣬ͷվߴﹾ˵˼䣬
ȻҲľٶͲµó˵ӭԶĿ
֮´ǡ 
Ҳͷǰշ޵Ĵͳ
һͷһƤ˾ȻҲǷ޵
ǣʱҲס㽫ȥһ
񣬾Ͳûϸһˡ 
нп಻Щ޺ˣŮһ
õϰߣЩѸ˵Щ֪Ϊ
ˡ 
Ҫ˵һľ뻹ǿܵĻʵˣ
㱻Ѭιȥ˼ô飬˼ҵĵϣԼô
Ҳֳ֮ɫܽͷһƿΨһİ취
סҺķλܲӲǲڻµġ 
й֮ͷԼ࣬һͳ
ϵھеĵ񣬴ʱڱһּ赸ֻϵǿյ
վһϹŲ긾ŮŹĵĽ㵸ţ
ǰķµţеѳ˦˳Ů˿
⣬ţû˲ķӻεõһμֳ
Ŀࡣ 
ԼСʱŮ赸ڽȴûֹͣ
˲ٱ仯ԭȵļҿҰڵỺн࣬
ͬʱһŮЩŮӱȸղǲŮ
࣬ҲʮŮ 
ЩŮͷ϶СӣԵ൱ɰƤ
һɫСģէһûʲôرģĿϸȥС
ıëڣǲϣϸϸһƣȻݱ֯ġ 
ĶȹͬǲƵģŮҲһֲȹ裬
Ȼ̸ʲôѶȵļɼĲȴԭʼķ飬
Ŀ 
Ŷ̫ˣƾ޵ 
ЦŵͷͬʵȻҲкЩˣ
ΪԭʼĲҲֺ¡صļǵһԴ
֪Ķ࣬ŮĲȹ裬Ҳǵһο
ϸǺ㣬ͬŮĲͿͶ
һеĲԭ顣 
һᣬƺȻַ찡㿴ЩŮûڿ㣬
Ŷ̫˼ˣ 
ЦãǼԭʼĲ䣬ʲôڿ
ŮŮһǽвλΧһƲ£ǳҲϡƽο
ЩŮŻܵĲȹһˣ
ʲôôСֵģҡͷ㿴ŮŮ˭ڿģ
Ϊִĳаǲ䣬ԭʼĲ䣡 
ðɣû˵ʼ 
ĿĲȹаСʱŽӿһȺ
ľͿɫڳ㵸ﻹߺ߹
Ĳ֪ʲôеڳϴڸղŮĲȹ
裬Ǽûûн࣬ȫǺҶһ
ԡ 
Ůַظ裬Сʱҷ
Žɢʱͷվ볡УҲųӵ
롣 
һֱͣЪĹʱͣΧǧ˾Ȼûһ˷
죬ܳɳɳķˣֻ˫ָ죬ߴ˵
˺һͨȻ˫ϥأΧǧˣ
ȫŹ£ĿȥѹѹһƬͷΪ׳ۡ 
ǧֻվǣԵΪͻأԥҪҪ
˼ҵϰҲʱǸͷʼˣҲȻվ 
ʱ򣬹ٶ˷Ӻ£м
һ̨һľǰɫģڴԳһ
ɫԼֹ죡 
ŶҪʲôһʡ 
û˵³ʲôҲʮȷֻ
̯̯֣ҡҡͷʾԼҲ 
ʱ֪ðһȺ߰ҵСǷֳţ
кһţŮһţмĳվƺڵȴʲô 
ŶѵЩСҲ׼𣿡ڴ˵ 
²ǡɫص 
ô֪ѵ֪ЩСҪʲô𣿡 
ûֱӻشƵĻǴǰȥС㣬Ҳ
ĲˣҿǻȻȥɣ 
ȥΪʲôҲ߲ˣȥҲĵĴ
컹ء 
룬ԵðɣҸ˵ʵɣû´Ļ
ҪЩС񣬺̣ܲѪȵģ㿴˻ܲˡ 
ʲô񣿾ǸȥǵǸ 
ƷǾ֮ɫ֮ǰҲһЩڷ޵ķ
ϰ׵ϣ֪ڷ޵ĳЩ仹ڸôһ˵ν񣬾
С߰ʱǵֳһкǸƤ
ŮȥС١ 
ǰߣƻôһ˿⣬֪ڰҲôһ
ףкһʱҪƤʵϸƤ˵Ҳ
кôģȥŮСǾȫȫĶŮĴݲˡ 
ͷȻվУ̫ˣ̫˵ˣҪ
ֹǡ 
У뺦𣿡һæסƵ֣ק
 
ԱߵļˣͷڶͻȻ¸е
ϽڳһЦ˵Ȼһ
Ǹ̬ɫԻ 
ʱҲʶԼе㼤ˣƽһԼ飬Ȼ
ǡ 
һ´Ļûʲôǣǲ̣ǲ˵
˼ҵĴͳǲܣҲûȨֹ˼ң֪㲻Ŀ
ھͻȥȻִҪҲԣֻǿ
ղˣǸСҪǱǿѺ
Ǿ´ˡ 
һ˼飬˺һһ¼ðɣ
˵Ķԣ˼ҵĴͳ㲻˵Ҳܸ棬һ뿴 
ʮһ 
ſĹڳһͷҡͷԵŰֲ
߽˳У˽ΧһƤƲڵסвλȣ
ͷϵװԸӶ¡صĶֻ࣬һϮƷӣɫƫ
ĺɫۣ۾֮ȫͿ˺ᣬǻ谵
飬Եм졣 
˸еЩëȻͷ촽׼ȷ˵´Ȳ
׵´ȻȭͷСô´
Ƥ⣬ڶ£´Ƥⱻ´죬¶
һŰɭɭݼԵʮֿɲ 
СĽţ˵ĴӦǲļ˾ȻӦþ
ЩС񡣡 
˿ȥ̫ˣС 
Ǻǣָ촽𣿡ʵҿ
ȷǿ̵ģǶ˵Ǵ͵λģ
ء 
Ŷ⡣ 
˾볡кǶʩ˸Ȼдʵ㵸һ
űԱ߻˻֣ʱȺ߳ˣһźɫ
֯Ӿֱߵ˾ǰһָߵС˳Уֻ
ǰһСкԭء 
Ҫʼ𣿡Сʡ 
ţͷǵģǸСӦþǵһʵʩ񡣡 
ŶƺԵеţһȭͷһֽؿϣ۾
һգգעųǸСк 
˾ӹӣǸתǸСкľ
ȻһѳõĶ̿㣬¶ 
СкԵúܾ֣֫ͣܿͱһһ
סֽţ˾ʱҲӣȡһʯͷĥĵƬԼ
СİһСƬ 
˾Щ׼֮㸩ľһִֻСкĶͷϣ
һָֻգдʡ 
ˣ˵ʲôʡ 
ʼҲǵ޷ǾǰοǸС
˵ʲô鱣ӣú£Ϊ¸ҵսʿȵ֮Ļɡ 
˫һ̯ŶǺİο 
˵ţͻȻһֲĽŵƻһæ
Ŀȥֻ˾˵ʱѾ䣬СкС⾥
ϵİƤʱѪעѸȾ۵Ŀ貿Լ˾˫֡ 
Ŷ찡ԤϣƻǱ̵һĻĿɿڴ 
Скʹķ˺ѷεĲҽУ鴤֫ƴϧ
׳ţѶֺСϵ㣬׸ 
˾˿ΪСкĲҽϵ飬ֻһ
ƤһǣһֻŲʯһһĸƤ
ڲги 
ʱСкѾʹιȥˣƤűȥһ룬ѪܵƤ
ôקĳͷһİ䣬ǸطһƬѪģ
˲Ŀá 
˴ӣڹͷΧһȦƤȫ¶˱
ѪȾ죬ԲͷԲԵĹͷ˾ЦݣʯһߣԱ
һһССչޣӴ򿪣浹һЩɫĩ
Ȼ˼ĭָһ£ʺ״֮ͿĨ
Ск⾥˿ڴ 
һк󣬼˾˫ָ죬ﲻϵ߶ţΧҲ
һ󻶺ͷҲЦݣȻСкĸĺܳ
 
ǿԼһкɫף΢·󲡳һ㣬
޵ǵˣС㣬û°ɣ 
ۣûлشȴһͣһŻ 
æƵĺ󱳣е㲻Ҫɣҿǻǻȥɣ
Ҫٿˡ 
ҡû¡ưڰֵһͺˡ 
ô㻹 
ȻЦЦʹԼȥһ㡣 
ִ֪ƢҲͲٶ˵ʲôȰĻˣֻһЦ
ðɣʲôĸоԸңһЩԵҩƬ 
ллƱɫĿһָۣӡ 
ľϵСкѾ̧ȥڴһ̯Ѫ
ⴲΪʲôطǰɫֻмһɫԭǱѪȾ
ģˣҪ˵Ѫܽһɫ 
ҪһСŮȸղǸСкҪһ㣬
ʮңƤڵȴǳۣһ˫Ĵ۾
׷ʮͷżСӣһ긾Ůǣ
ڡ 
˼˾ǰ긾Ů˫ֺʲͣĹҾԵʮֹ
ȴֵʮֲͷĺǳʲô긾ŮǵգЦ
һ˵һˣֻǸСŮڳС 
СŮƺ֪Ҫʲôһ˫Ǿֲǿó
ǿסĵĿ־壬ֻСֶѵϽеǼСȹ
Ÿոտʼӡ 
Աߵ˶֣СŮԼľķֿϸݵ˫ȣ
Ʒǳᶨڸһ¡΢΢Լյ˫ֻǱ¶
ĵĽ־塣 
˾СŮһ߶߶ȻСŮ֫ղǸС
һߵ˸סˣ˾ûǶ
Ѱһ鳤ηʯСŮ£ʹǹëһͦ˲
٣Եʮͻ 
СŮʮۣδէһֻһзϸ죬
ֲʲôС֮֯˿˲
ϧ 
̲ס̫ˣһСһЩֳٸδ
ôָʲô̫ˣ̫˵̫ûȨˡ 
ЦҡҡͷаЩԭʼ̸Ȩ͵
ڶţ𣿰 
˾ָСĻķֿСŮ϶ŴӲó֧
⼣߰ߵУһһֱ۵ĴڲƤһ
˾ǵСķ϶¶ΪϸС˿
˿ٰƤ 
󣬼˾óһ˿ߣһĽᣬȻİƤ
ʹٽ¶ֱֳԲԲۣ̽ͷ̽ԵС
飬ɰĶ 
ŴͣŵעųǸ˿ɲļ˾һһֻ
˿ƳɵĻ׵ٸȻսٸԽԽϸ
Ҳ͹һƶ 
СŮϽʹ֮ɫ׵ķݽҧס´Ȼǿ
־ʹԼȻż˾ǰѲʯ
ڱסٸʱСŮ̲ס˿־ļС 
˾СŮļţȻʹһ٣
ͬʱСŮһļУСԴһƫֱӻȥ 
ʯƶٲûбȫһƤ
ţ˾Ӷʯһиһקֱֺ··
ԵĲһˣһûʬ壬һǶʬ塣 
ѪѾСŮȾһƬʹõѪģֲ
ģ˾ŲæĴˮӡࡹһڣȻۡһ
СŮֺҲһ£ֳƤּӵ 
ȫ֮󣬼˾ֿʼСϵĴݲ£
СŮֱܿʹѣСţڶĲҽˮȪӿ
ԴµĴ嶼ʪһƬ 
ƬδСޱȣðݲУƱ
ʯûһṤһƬѪģƬ۴ϡã
ⱻһһ޳ 
ʱСŮҽһһֱֻ춯ȴûһ˿
ȻһϢ̬֮ˣҲɸղŵḺ̌
һ·ȥһ㡣 
찡ǺӲҪ˰ɣƾ 
ʱҲüͷ΢壬֪ЩԭʼУÿ궼Сڸ
ȥⲢϡ棬ȥģ󲿷С֮
˿ڸȾΪչ˲ܶµ˿˺ѣʧѪ࣬ǰ
ڽܸСŮƣ䲻ڴϣǺصġ 
ƬСȫⶼ޳ɾ֮󣬼˾Ϳʼ
ڵ׼ˣʯһȡһļ̣β
һ˿ߣʼΪСŮ 
˾ָɣһӾͽСŮֻڴ
пӴϸСףйѪųСŮĸ
Ͼˡ 
һСŮȥһĵ˵
С᲻ 
ҪŮļôչˣȥֹ̫ۡ 
ʵ 
˫ֺʲȻؿϻʮ֣૵ϵ۱ӣ 
ֻһСк񣬹̺֮ǰǸһȻСŮ
볡нܸƿ˼ȱȱˣ
ǻȥɣ 
Ŷ 
ûʲôÿˣһҲܲЩӵĲҽˣ̫ˣ
ҽ˯ˡ 
ǺǣǺãҸ˵һ¡ 
շ޵Ĵͳʩǲ˸лͷԵúܸ
ˣߴﹾ˵һͨٴҪӵ
òһαסӵһ£ȻƼ
ȥ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ӴĺԽҰȴԭϼٷɳۣ֮˳ӷ
⻹໶Цֻͷ⣬Ⱥ紵
Ľɫ㷢һƮĲ죻һֻҲͣڴţʱ
ʱİַߴ󺰴УԴе˷֮顣 
ʵϣǰƵ黹ΪأӸֳص¶Ӫʱ
һֱƲ֣ΪЩ˲̸СģЩСĲҽҲһֱ
߻ص 
ֱȥüСʱƵԺתʱҲѵ˻ƻʱ
֣ȴԭĻƻǵȣЩѾӦ
ȴ˵Ȼʲô⣬ˣ
һŮˣǾǼϰˣѾûϴ裬˿̻
ȥԼϴһ£˳졣 
Ȼ֮ͷΪļǵ·Ͽ
һӪشʮ·̣Ǳȥ
ϴ衣 
Ȼ̫ͬ飬ͲסĥӲݣټһԵɣ
ҲһעʱСˣƣɵ 
ôõ͵ȻҪװߣֱ̫˷ˣǷ
ҪǲԸȥҿҪȥŶٺ١ 
ɣЦĵֱۣٿΧˣܻ
ŮͬȥϴʾĽе˿ڣĿŵ
 
ưӷһĨΣǴ󵨵ֱƤЦ
㿴㱻ĽҪ治Ըҿɾȥඣ
һǳġ 
εҡҡͷʼðɣǷǳң 
ǻʲôһ֣
ǰΪ򿪼ʻš 
红Ӱ˷ܣҲЦˣ̧ڣȻһŬ
ϳǵץʱˡ 
ƻӦһתһߣʻţȥȻ
Գɣǻ˻֡ܿ죬ˣһţһ
̣ӴĺһһٰʮȵĴת䣬漴ǰ
ȥ 
ˣǿɲҪԶʱ䣬֮ǰһҪ
 
ɣĶԼһ޼ɵЦԶԶĴӺ洫˹
ֻе㲻˼Ҳ΢죬˶û˵۽ǵ
͵ԷӶʹñ˴˵۹һڿж˽һ
ǱƵĿٶ㿪ڵһʱԵе 
ʱҪεð취Ҹģһʱ֮˶Ҳ
ʲôõĻ⣬޻һǷǵԻ޼£»
˵֮飬תĿת⣬ľ
ɫģԭ컵ķˣЦ･
Ҳڲ֪ɢ 
ʮӣӱ㿪˺ӱߣһԼʮʮףԶƽ
ʵĴӣˮ峺ƽ޲ԶԶȥһɫϵ
деĲԭƽһĺ次 
̫ˣûͣȣƾȲ
ӱȥ 
һΪô·ѾҪºӣæסι
ȵȣȵȡ 
ֹסŲͷֵĿôˣʲô㲻
ڰ϶һӶһĥ𣿡 
ҡҡͷŲæ³βĺ䴦һߴ
һߵͺ˵ԭǱΣвܾͻ֮
ݡ 
㱻ҧһºѾûһʼֲΪȻ 
̬ˣŵŶ˼˵Σգ 
ҲȷУͬȷûС 
ǡʲôһȵ 
ԭӳĺó˼ףһף
ЦȻһ㣬УҪĻͰѶϡ 
Ҫʲô 
ƻ˵ͼָһ׵žͱˣ̡̡ 
ðŵƴһæס˫漴һ
ڿлһƯĻߣţһ죬ˮ
죬ˮһ 
ֽӶӳףըһ޴ˮҲ
ϾţķֹˮԼϡ 
ڣȵٶƽʱƵˣڿºϴˡ 
һ߶ͷϵˮһ߱Թϴ趼Ҫ󶯸ɸ
һ 
Ϊ⼸׶ֵأΪ㰲ȫϴ
衣û 
Ŷ𣿡Ʋ˼ЦЦ漴лл㣬ҲͿ
Ա֤ȫ𣿡 
ˮǱʲô㣬֮Ķᱻߣһʱ᲻
ˡ 
̫ˣ 
ӱߣȥһѺˮĸо
ֱ̲סЦ漴վɿȥЬ࣬
Ȼ׿һ΢¶ɬ̬֮ 
ȿȣҪرһඡɿһ 
ãæסת뿪΢΢һЦôĺˮ
㲻һݣ 
һʱΪ֮㵡 
ƲȻһЦתף˫ֽ棬һϵǼɫ
ȥֳͬΪɫأķʴװҲ䵽״
̧ʽһһ̤С 
δ¶㣬ֻܻǱӰǰ׵ҫ۵ļ޳
˻е෢ɣСһȻһֱ֫
ʹ΢΢Щȣﲻһĭ 
̫ˣĺ죬ˡˮеƲͣĻţĵ
Ĵˮ档 
һᣬҲûʲôƻͷȥȴһ˫
۾Լȶ󵨣Եһ
ӿļļһ˿һ˿⡣ 
ˣ㲻һλŮһܲòܲʿΪ𣿡 
Ƶ۽ҲȥֱˮͼӴ 
ʵûϵƻͻȻعͷʹ͵ʱȴԷ
֣βѣȻһͨʱ򶨴
ΪһϯȫȻûгеŮԷԼӺŭǸ
һܻӭĽŭ˵ 
΢΢һЦδ¶κξ̬ԵȻС㣬
ǰˣӦԭһ˵Ŀ⡣ 
ܺ˲ʶ죬ĳ侲һݲͬ
˵ĶеƣʹɵĶ˳˺øУ
һĪ㺣ҲΪˣżҪһϴ裬
֪пܻᷢʲôų⣬ڴ 
ǵۣˣĵգЦ
ðɣôʵķԭˣΪʾƽҲҪˮ
Ҳҿġ 
ⷬڳĹ֪ԷԼ
˵ĻһְʾԺɶѸٷڣ
һֱѹƵʼ
ȻСڳԽţɵڶԴԹϵϲ
һˣΪһܹߵȽ֪ʶŮԣԻѡ
Ҳޣ˼ϲǺܱأʵԾȴһ
ḻŮˣҲֱӵ˷沢ܼ죬
 
ڣ˵ζĻû޴룬
ԼŪ˴תȥٿͬʱֱŶ찡
ʲôôôգ̫Ϊˣ 
ûһᣬƱˮѾˮˣ
һһ±ý·Ů
ҪƷĽǼȺڴ 
ƵֻֻģˮԼļͷһ
߽ӽýӲҲֹס˶һ
ˮ 
һУȻǰЦֹһ
ĿСЦ㲻˵Ҫҵھ
Ҫľתһ 
ˣƣһ󷽵Ů鿪ŵں
йǰ·硣Լת
棬˴˶ӡ 
֮ǰŷ˵壬ǰܹ
Ҫϸ࣬ȴԵ쳣ȳƣխС΢΢ڰ
ݣؼ΢΢͹һһ͹չʾ˵֮˿ѷ
ŷִͷȫëףҰһˡ 
ƸеԼտʼգǽʵļϱˮʪ
ҫɢһͷĿѣٵĹâǱܵ
˫ۣƵĲϣ漴˫ֱסĺף
ͷֱԼһ֮ң 
Ž绨΢Ҳ޹ģǲ
ƤµĺỬһ£Ǳһ̺ģ
յϼ 
Ƶ۾ϣ촽Ĵһڣ漴һ
̾Ϣ߽һˣұ÷񡣡 
Ŷ𣿡ͳֳ˴ԡ 
ǵģǷˣʶ㲻żѡƽճյ 
Ǻǡº͵ЦйиСһ须Ī
 
һ飿૵ϸζȻ˷ܵԣ
һĴ 
˵գһĴһαȸղҪ࣬Ҳ
ĻӦţ˫ְڻҲĺʹĦ
š 
Ĵ˴˽⻥Ѱţ̽ţţǵǼ
ֱ˶п촭ʱǲŷֿӣȼܵ
֮ 
ƽյĶߵ 
ȷ 
ɣңң˫۽סĲ촽е
մƶ 
˻ȵİŮܰѳֵס棬һ½
ȥ 
ѡһƽ̹Ĳݵأ£ִ󱳳ʱָ
һغĴ۱㱻£ǰصֱʱΪ֮һɣ¶
ѩ׵ 
ҧסصһǣһɫر㱻Ƶ
ĲӴһϸϸĵı䣬ȫ¶ΡΡ
һСС鲨 
ƺЩɴˣ׽ס֣ưԼ鷿ϣ
ѾЩˣǶͷӲģͦš 
˵ƤΪŮˣϦ͵ҫ°
Ĵۣ͸Լɼ⻬µɫѪܣֻ鷿һ
ֿգȴǳʵеԣĻӲӲͷԼ
ģģʮ 
һһ鷿ȫƵӿʼķ
Ҳ٣һֻ̽棬ڿһסǹ
¡ 
鲻Խķһɵ񷢳ϲĹâȻ
йµĳߴе;ϲǸĻ
һڿĸܵõͬһֻڵҰޣʱͻΧ
˶ɡ 
·ԼĸоƵģƴȻ˵
ϣѹ£˫סڿ࣬һǴִ㵯
ʵʵĴƵ°ϡ 
Ŷϵۡһ׽סֵļһﾪ
ơ 
ʪʪֲʧůСסˬһ
ĸˣǵǷ´½ƵľһֻҲˣ
˫ֺס·ڸһ㡣 
Цãʱȴһְؿϣɫ
ŶѾܳʱûһʱԲ 
ðɣЦɺã˵Ǹ൱λ
Ů˵һСĿŶ 
ƵƤգգ۵ǾͿҶܲͨɣ 
˵գֱˣվϦ˫ַ࣬
Ͻеһڿ㣬ջУһ 
֮ǰʽʱͷ𷢹İˣ
߲ûԵƣЩ̨ϵרҵģȲԣʤ
Ǽȳƣ֫õȫһʱ
椱֮ǰԤҪԸ˵Ķࡣ 
ղţڸǰǶ鷿ʱһʵΰ
ȫһֿգڵվʱȵķǶǻ仯
ƵģѸм£ֻ鷿ԵԲ̣״˱
γΪǿҵӾЧʵֻǣֱȥȴΪֱһ㡣 
Ϊһ־ļߣƾҰ⵽ܣΪһõ
ȻڶϿԿóΪƽ̹·ûһ֬
ȻȻݣγĻߣٵβ΢΢
ȥʵ̣ͦǾŻеĽ 
ڱõĹϵƵ֫ԵüΪ޳Բ⻬С
Ȼ֮һ鷽֮أȻ
˴ɫë޼룬ССĵѩ׵£
֮⣬طëëεĸɸɾë׶Բ棬
ѩһƬ 
һߣڽϵڿ㱻˦ѳȥſ
࣬ȥͬʱһַסƤʮȽǵһֻ̽
£ָſѾʪ 
ܿ죬͸оͷһʪ⣬һжʱϮ
ͷǹ˼Ƴޣֻ޲ͦչɣֱ 
˵ܵĿвֳſƬС
ȻѪðʺһ使޵õȻʢ绨һⴽ
ס׶ˡ 
Ƶһһ³ǸԵ÷ǳѱҲһ
ıůⶴûֱ˴˳ܹ֮һ˿϶ʱ
ֹסСﳤ³һ 
Ŷ̫̫ˡ۾̾оΣ 
ǳãЦܸܶо 
ʩʩȻĸǴŴöҪƷ
˵ǲǣ 
еһЦӦһ߻ǹ⻬㱳£
һ·ι̽ 
ŶƲͼһĺ߽Уͬʱּ
æȥ׽ס󣬲ԼɹҴڡ 
ǺһЦҲǿֻ֣תֱϮƵ棬˫
ס˫飬ʱʱѹǲֺ 
šе鷿Ūֻ糱һһ
ӿ֫ٺȫļȾ˵õɫ壬
ǴִдҺӱ˴֮ķ϶
ԴԴϵ 
һʱӦټϲϵıǻһʼ
ɵͣʹȲ֮нʧˣȡ֮һ˵ζ
ΪֹסֵֹֹУò˫ֳסţŬֱ
ƨɿʼζ 
Ҳһʪڽĸ
Ѿ׵΢飬ƨɵŤʵǻ
һ㣬ϵ˱ƣһһɵĹ 
ģƸоڶսаһ֣գ
գЦˣǲƷõζˣ 
̾˿˫ͷһ״ǵģζ 
šҲǡıۣʼӴƨŤķȣ
Ҳǰҡڣһʱʱ³鶯ģͬʱҲ
˷ܵ㲻ߵĻƨɵĥⶴΪģԲ˶ 
ŶĽңԭ͸Һʼðǣϵ˳
Ƶ˳ԽԽ࣬СһƬʪܡ 
ˡ޼ɵĴţ˫סԼǰ
Ƕֹ鷿ʣɫ㷢ӵİڶ·衣 
ԣãüˣҲˬ̾Ϣ˫ƵƬ
ΰＫΪʵĸо 
Ѹٶѻʹ˽˵üĿ飬
ʣµֻг㣬ԭʼĽţ·ԭʼĴȻΪһ塣 
Ŷ찡ңҿ졭첻ˡţ
¼ţһ¸ҵŮʿԦһͷޱȣ
Ʒϡ 
ʶٶԽԽ죬Ҳǳϵͦϴգ
ÿÿײһ𣬳ܹžž춯ҺˮĦ
 
ڣһ˻ﵽ˸߳ڼͬʱ
һּȵҺ漤ʵʵĴŰֹĹͷϣ
漴类ȡͷƵ̱ſϡ 
ʱҲĹͷˣѾٶֺˣ
Ƿ𣬰ѹ£޳ֱȿԼϣ
ſµٴδѾŢ 
ŶƷĿ飬ҡܡܲˡ 
㣬ôû 
죬ˡŴһֹסƵϸһһͦ
׮һĽǰ˵Ĺͷӵذ
лĵ⣬ֱⶴͬʱһֻƵǰ˫
꣬ѩϾݺύĲĵָӡ 
Ŷ찡桭治СҪҪˡİڶ
ͷˮʪ㷢ճʪʪĶͷϣ϶
ġҰɡ 
˵˵ǵңҾ㡭˿̼
ħ첱Ӵ֣ҧгݣ鷿ҲĳĴ˫ֻ
Ӱұ˺ͮͮһƬһѩ֮ɫ 
ǵɡ䣬
ʹнһƵﱬȼ
ǣʹܲ˵Ĵһ̣ҲǸ֪ŵŮߣ
Ǳһͷ㣬ֻ֪׷ĸޡ 
տĴԭϣѪϦ£彻˶һһƵ
ͷʨżҵĽţϢ˻źȣСԭʼ
ڲԭϿվòϢɢ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ֻѪ̫һƽ֮ʱʻ
복¶Ӫزʮˣһȥʱڸʻλϣͬ
ǣӱȥʱݹ޶ˣ侫ȴԲǰȥʱ
˷ܣ˿ԵЩббĿϣɫè
˳ĹâбؿԱרļʻ 
һʺѪϦ͸ǰ粣䵽ϣӳһ
Ƭͨ죬һе㡣Ӳ濴ȥ
縫һ㣬͸һӢ֮ͦǳճۺС಻ʱ
űĴһ㡣 
ˡƷèһߡ 
ţ 
֪ԸУ 
Ǻǣ𣿡 
Ȼ촽ָڣǸղš 
ڣʲôԸеģЦ 
㲻֪ԸУڿӾͺ档һ
˵ 
ǸղأǹһĨ΢Цգգ 
ղţղһͷҰޣһҲԸСǱԹȴ
ǺЦü顣 
ЦҰҲɵģܹҡ 
ЦķǳģȴȵŶ𣿡 
Цҡҡͷʱ̫Ѿȫɽԭڻ谵
֮УԶʱҰ޵ĺУҹҲʱʱ˿˿Ѫ֮ʾ
ҹеĲԭʼչ¶пһˡ 
Ҫ¶ӪˣʱڳǰƵ£ǰͻȻббڳ
һӰֱڳǰһһæסɲһ߱㽫̽䣬
סǹԾ衣 
Ǳײ˸ףھúϲû
ðȫȻΪսзΪͻΣնʱ
ͺƣǰ󲿷עϣûע
⵽ǰͻȻڳһˣûӻͻȻɲȻ
ǰȥͷһײǰ粣ϣʹ죬Щ쭳 
Ƣȴעǰ棬˳ȥȴ
ھ೵ͷһ״վһˣϸһŮֻ
һִڱγǰƵ䣬һּеĻ֣
֪˵ʲô 
ʲôǣƹ˲öͷʹɻ˵ 
Сʲô鷳Ҫǰһ˵һ߹۲
ܡ 
Ŷǻʲô˵ţƾҪ³ 
ȵȣһקסƵֱۣΧûʲô
ǲòСģ֪᲻³ΧͻȻðһȺ
٣ȻֿԺС 
ȲҪȥȥ˵ţǹһ
򿪱գȻ󴧽¶漴򿪳ţŲæ˳ 
ųǰĵƹ⣬ĺȻǰڼȹŮ
ΪʱŮɴһȹ³æȥһ˵
ɫԵúܽ 
Ů˵ǵȻһҲŮȷ
ʵûʲôģǷģת峵һȫơ 
˳һ֮ɫŮͬеɻ󲻽⣬ʱ
ɣǰ治Զǳ¶Ӫˣ򵼣
ɡ 
⣡ŮָָӣʾһϳŮˣ
ͷҲ¶Цݡ 
˳糵ɣ˳Цҡҡͷ 
ӣʻųӻصӪأҵ򵼣ǸŮ
һ£ŵ֪ԭŮþڽ챻ˣʱ
ƾͺأȫգѳʻ״̬ˣȡ 
ЩΪˣŮãֻ߸ûж
֢ҩˣЩȻɵĶΣյְҵǼҳ
㷹߶ٶ׼һЩӦҩǶ˵ҩʲ
ôֹѪ֮ģŮ˵úܿ
ʱ̫ӵֽֿӶϸȾ
Ҫù֮Ŀҩ 
ˣôˣ˵ʲôˣһߵƽ 
򵼷ĻӢ˵һ飬Ȼε
˵ǸСŮ϶ΪȾ˲ŵ¸գûпҩʵ
Ϊ 
˭˵ûУգ۵ 
һŶѵУ 
ȻƲ޵һǺÿüë漴ס֣
ʲôϽȥ˰ 
Ϊ˽㣬һ飬Ůңһ·ͨ
̸֪ŮʱҲͬǸղˣɥҿ
·һλ̽εˣ˸ι˼ҩĸձС
ʱ֮ˣʱ仹һŮһҲǸղֹ
ȴΪûˣʱõ˵ҩһһҹȻ
סˣӴʧϡ 
ֲӪô㲻ȴ·ǣԭǿ׼
յҩﰡЦС㻹 
ڸղŵĽʱŮԵָˣһǰ·һߵ
ڼϾͿˣԵóַʱһ뵽
ǣǾȥңҵӪȴ÷ǳ˳뿪ˣ׷׷
ϣֻõǻˣлڵȵǻˡ 
ŶǸǲ֪ں׷һǸ⣬뵽ڵ
ԼԼȴ԰䣬оʮС 
ŮļҲԶŮĸĸſڽˣŮһ
˹֪ˣŲǰӭӣ߶߶˵һѻ
ʵֱͣʾŮȥŮá 
ΪŮ˽ܲλ˶µĸȾԵһҪıǸ˽ܲ
λϴΪ˵ȻһȥˣͣסŲ
ſڵơ 
Դˣ⣬ЦŻӻ־׼Ůݣ˭֪Ů
ĸһһң֣ҪקݣּΣæ
ˣƣǣǸŮ˽ȥŮҾͲýȥˣ
㰡 
򵼹Цͽȥɣǿǵĵּ⣬
ǿɲּܵĿ˰ҪִⲻȥǻΪ
ںǡ 
ôһ˵Цҡҡͷֻһӡ 
ʮ 
⻧˼ҿȥӦǴ˼ˣܴ濴ȥⷿ
Ӻ˼ҵķһͬǽéݶĿռ󣬷ָ
䣬Ķ϶࣬ееǣ⻧˼ҾȻʹ
˲ͷڳšˡķϵλ
ĵƣӵһǾȻһ̨ 
Ůõķ䣬ֻǸСŮһľϣ˫ĿǱŵģ
ﲻʱ³ʹСϷŰɫȻյĺأ
Ѿ֮ˡ 
æǰֵ̽СŮĶͷ漴һ̣ 
漴ҲǰһСŮĶͷȻ֣ǵ
ҩóι¡ 
ŶԣԡһߵͷһæҵĽԼı򿪣
ͳһͿźʮֵСҩ䣬Լȴֱݸ 
ʱҲ˲ҡͷ̾ˣҩ򿪣ֻ߰ķ
СҩƿСƾɴȵȣ൱ȫ淭һ
£ҳһƿҩһƿҩȻǸŮһˮҩƬһ
ιСŮˮȥ 
һкɿȴһճյĿԼǷ
Ƶģҡͷεˣ㿴Ҹʲôȥ
ҪȻιҩǲġ 
Ŷ찡Ұ¸ˡһѶʱ 
СĵƿСŮϵı̺ƲٶȷŶҵ
ۣ 
ʱͷŤһߣ׼תȴһ±קס
ˣ漴̵̻㡭̫ˣˡ 
ҡɣ 
ˣ˵ʲôھһҽҽûԱֵ֮ġ
ƴС˵ 
Цҡҡͷ˵ⶼ£治֪ôһ˸Ҵ
ɷã 
һЦսĶߵΪ㣬ұʲô
ɵϡ 
ǿ佱𣿡 
ŶȻ 
˾ȻһʱӢСĴȻҲû£ϸ
һСŮȷǴĿģﲻѪ߰ߣ׵ĸ߸߷
һѪͷ 
ģСŮֳ٣ǵûа˿ͷֱ
ŻһԵƸסͣ۾ϴһδµӡ 
óһǩմҽþƾȻƵСְֻ
סΪܻеۡ 
æŮʾһ£һһߣס˰еСŮ
֣ʱմҽþƾǩѾӴСŮ˵λ
ֻʱһ鴤Űķʹ 
СŮϾޣ˰Ƕ˷ֺǩϸ
ϸãûһᣬһմȾѪ㱻ɾ¶
Ƥ 
СŮûȫ͵ĹϵƬԵ
ʺһֽвֲֵﾥܵĶԴ棬Ƭϵ൱
ܣһпյֲ 
̫ˣֱǶŮԴݲУǲ¡ 
Ƶɴ۾ 
߰˸ǩų׽СŮλɾȻ
һվˣ˿ڲλˣҲιҩ
ҩ⣬վͻ¡˵գʣµһƿ
ҩŮ˵Ȼʱ÷ãһΣÿ
Ҫ˶þͻȬġ 
ŮˣӹҩƿʩлȻ˳ȥƺ
ǸϢ 
ǺǣҲˡܳȥŮȻת׶Ƶ 
õģȵȡʰһ£¿浽˫ϡ 
߳СŮķ䣬ôʱȴŮĸĸϴŸм֮
ЦվȻרźǸŮվһ
ſڣϴ˿˿⣬۾ʱʱõķ䣬֮
æͷ 
˶еһ˿һգΪ˱
ʲôæǰŮĸ˸ǵƣȻƵ
׼뿪˭֪Ůĸæǰסǣߴﹾ˵һ
ͨ 
ˣƣ˵ʲô򵼴¡ 
һЦƣˣҪҹ˵ţ
һվǱ߷ſڵŮŬŬңǸС㣬
ٺ٣СӣˣǸС椻һŶ 
ʲôһ漴һŮĸҡһ߳򵼺
ιǣͲˣǵԱŮģҡ 
ˣƣûɣôõȻܾȵ 
ûصˣûϽ˼ҽ͡ 
߽Ůĸһߣߴﹾ˵Ҳ
׷ôһ£ЦŰԭί˵һ飬Ҳ
ȣԳԵЦ 
ιЦʲôʲôЦģ 
ˣⲻǺüĸʲô㿴Ǹ椣
ģҲؼȥҲģõ° 
ǲҲ̫ϲһİŮ仹һʲ
ôСŮ 
Ŷļٵģ 
ʼ磬һŲӣȻƻһŵ
ѧ˵˶ϲʣϲ̼èȵĵ 
ҿɲʲôѧѧֻ֪йĴͳѧ۵㣬
ʲô¶Ҫ˳ȻˮɣҲ⣬ο
оŻʩͼҽǵı𣬶һı
ҳʲôˣܲҸ˵ĵ¹ۡ 
һʱȻû뵽˵ⷬһᣬ
۾ɫˣҸıҶ˵ĿˣԭҲ
°˼Ķ 
ǺǣǷǳңЦ㲻ǰ˰ɣ 
գգۣһЦ㣬Լȥжϡ 
ʱѾŮĸ˵꣬ߵǰ˫һ̯˵ˣ
˵ǴŮǣǵСŮȵģΪҩιģĲλ
ҲϴģǾСŮĶˣΪ˱ʾлǵ
ŮһޣǸлˡ 
ǣǵˣǵŮһ޻ˣҡ 
 
Ļû˵꣬򵼾ҡִŶ
ǵ߸лǣǲܾܾģǻΪ㿴ǵ
ǣǵܴ裬ǵǵĶˣǵĳˣ
ҲͱﾭˣҪ֪⻧˼ҵ˿
һϣȨɲС 
ʲôôʵûϵ 
Ҳûϵǻʹл㡣һĽӰյ
֪ǻڳǣֲԸܣҾˣ
 
̾˼֮ǴѵƳǸŮһۣȴŮ۾һ
ֱ۹͸һ˿ŮеϲʱȻ
ˣƣûУԭǸ椿ˣֲûˣҪ֪
ҵӡһصлҲ˵Сţһǲ̫
谮СޣȴһδˣǱĴŮޣ
ǸСŮҪඡ 
⡭ 
Ǹˣúܰɻơ˵գ򵼲ɷ˵һ
ͷˮƱߣȫȻ׷СС 
űϰקߵƣֺֻЦΣ޸
ֻнˡʱŮĸѾߵǰһһңĽ
ԼĴŮǰȻŮĸ׻Ů˼䣬Ůһߺ
ĵͷһ߰Ƴֳߡ 
ϣŮĸЦеŮһ˷䣬Ȼ
ŴϣǣССķڱֻŮˣһ
Իͨˡһʱ˴Ĭ֮С 
ȻվǹйŮһңһʵӣ
ˣܴ̩֮ȻŮͲٱְˣֻŤ󲻶վ
︧ŪԼȹǣʱףʱɬƳǶͣ 
ס̬֮֮ߵŮߣ̧ļͷȴ
Ůһ漴ͷȥֱ˫§
סȴԥƬ̣ҲסŮͬһ
¡ 
ʵŮʲôֻǴкϴϢˣǺܵ
˯ѣãȻƴˣôͺŮͬһ
Ҳûʲô 
˭֪Ůǳ˰Ƶľô˳Ƶ§ǽ
һ§ҲǣƿǣԥƬֻס 
˺һᣬŮɲɣֻһĺ󱳣Ů̧ͷ
дϲ۹Ͷ΢΢һЦȻ崲ǱŬŬ죬Ů
ʱӶԿһĨ졣 
ֱŮˣԲͨҲûŮʲôֻ
ܿЦҡҡͷɿԼһߵǰʼȥ£ϴ˯ 
ձ۾ߴһϤϤ֪Ů
£ûۣҲûֹΪ֪Բͨ˵ʲôǰ״
˵ͽᣬһֲŲʵ̬һС 
ûƬ̣еͷһֻҡһ£װҲװ
ˣֻۣǰһѺںļһ
ŮͼʱֳԾе޴롣 
ԭ˿Ů࣬ԣȴţ²һ
Ե۾ʱ˿ݵǰǰѼ֮Ůˣ
һ֮࣬ŵɢһɵζ 
ղſŮѪܵθڲͬǣڵ
ǰһڸо֮СΪ֮һȣֻŮ״
ңм䱻ʿһλڷƤȣɫ
ȻҪǳ࣬ǳɫϸ壬ϸһǳǳĺɫë 
ȻЩ۹ģоԾ漴־֮
ڵŮԷʺǱķһһһֲ
ﾥֻ¶Լһָûбϡ 
ʱѾ൱ˣЩֲﾥȫ뵽۶
ˣֻд֮ɼ˿˿ɫֲﾥŮݸȻ
ǽֲﾥӴ˱Ϳˡ 
Ŷҡ֣Ȼӹѽŵһߣ漴
§סŮԼߣ˯״ 
Ůɻ󲻽ĿԹ£Ϊʲô
һ˵ĵȷȷ§Լ˯ްͼ
ˣһѸպ۵һҲ 
ôܵĳôˣ³־ʶ
ҲʣԽĻ̻˶ 
ʱŮίһ㣬촽߶£۾Ҳһ
˫סԵļһһʣܿ죬ˮ
ָ们䣬εϡ 
Ůģʵʼδ΢˼һһ
Ůļ򣬽£ȻǰѼǰ˻Ρ 
ŮһȻû˼Σ΢΢һЦŮ
ŬŬ죬ļռһ£Ůʱ˼Ϊ
Ц¶ѩ׵ݣͬʱϽӣ°ںøղǸƣȴţ
ǰ 
ԭ˶ݿǣû˼ҵԸȽϺãΪӸղ
ŮıȻʶͬңͬ˼ʶ
жʩͼһ£Ȼ˼Ǿδ
ˣ෴ܾһ衣 
ڵˣΪһ׳ˣһŮ壬
ܲģеĵ¹ʹòôẦ˼ң
ɵŮĵĿʱȻףԼȫ뵱ȻˣԼļֵ
ǿڱ˵ϣŮ˵ԼΪҲ˸˺ 
ͨһ㣬һж˵ȥ죬˫
ֵ۲ж֮˼ҵĵ˼ܹûġ 
ս׼ֲ֮ﾥʼСĵļȻֱ
ʱŷѼʵǲôȻ̸⼣߰ߣҲ
ȥҧʵм䶼һָͷ಻죬һ
Уæ˰죬һֲﾥûλУ
Ҳʹϵ˿ڱ˺ѣɾˣеĥ
Ů˲Сʹֻ࣬üͷݽҧڽ֮С 
ȫţ˱㵼Ůϸ۴ϵĸӽˣ
ʹеļ֣ôĽǶȶԾ
ŮĴȣ΢΢һЦʾɵ㡣 
Ů˼¶˼飬ͬʱ˫ȷֵĸˣȻ
ȻһʾԼҪܵסùԼ
ȥ 
ѼεҡҡͷҪȻһ֣
漴һĶͷѽôôأжãҪƼӡ 
ŮԵĿֻӵһߣµǼԲ
˹̯Ůȵķ׵ڳһƤʣÿһ
ƤﶼһСɵذףִһ£һذס 
һذףŮǰһ£Ȼ΢΢һЦһ
ᰴŮ۴ϣ߷ֿһ㣬һֻסذף
ŴһɫֲﾥθϿŮǷн
ڱˡ 
˶ķɵذĸо͸ղżֵĸоȫ
һССذ׾ͬһ֣ĵӦ֣ССȴɭ
亮ذָ·ɣָ裬Ůеۻ
ңĿϾˣȻһʱ崫˿˿ʹ 
ˡŮĴȡ 
ʱŮŻع۾һƳԼ壬Ѫ˿
һǰ˲ֲﾥмһ
괽ֲﾥһһ޳оȻûоһ
ʹ࣬ŮˣЦ漴һѱסĲӣ˹
ϡ 
ڹУϵıĺͶ̿㱻ӵ˴£˶§
һ𣬾ֻһһƣһСһʲһ𣬼Ҷֲ
ݡ 
˵ʵڵģŮƯ׿Ƥɫ̸ò˵
ԶľŮɢһ޵ζ
֮죬֪Ƿ޺ձڵһζ
ֺ˶ζŮȻЩϰߵŮ
ϵζͻᵭһЩͱǣ֮Իͷ޵Լ
ʳܲɷֵĹϵ 
ȻˣŮഺ壬߻ϲ̬Ƿǳܹ̼
Ǹ񾭣ֱͦͦڷʱʱĶŮ
Сϻ߻ĹɹС 
ҲŮоǳɣϷЦֱѹ
²ٷʱŮֹסЦӿӣ
ţӡ 
˵ԾȻƲϷḻԸǰʲô
Ůʹ´ˣ֪ҪŮɣһѾˣ
ҪҪ㹻ʪܾܼŮʹ
࣬ϾһŮˣκһ³çʹ಻ 
ǣ΢ЦţůĴֻĸŮĶͷ۾
ٵ촽Ժʵ˫ظʱʱĻһָ
 
΢ЦĶʹŮˣָŮƤ
ӭĿ⣬һżͷȥָָ
ʱŮƤҧָһҧһ㣬
ϷʱָŮҧŮ㿪ĵķЦ 
ȻһֻҲûţŮǰǶС۵鷿
꣬Ȼƶ˶ٵͷܿӲͦѪͳϺɫǳɫ
εӳµмֹˡ 
ŪԼĪһӣоһֱŮƤС»
е˿˿ʪģ֪ŮڳҺÿƾŸ
϶ŮѾ൱ˡ 
ƻˣŮֱȷֿΪ
̧Լ֮䣬Ȼһḧڲеļһ
ֽԼ߸𣬼ŶƤƽǰ˹ͷŮʪ
ڡ 
Ů֪ؼʱˣżˣֻ鲻Խľ
Ͱ͵Ĵ۾Դһ˿ֵĿ˶ԲĹͷסԼС
ԼҲĶڡ 
Ů岢ûΪĽŶýӲ⵱Ȼ
ĸԼĹʹʼձ󻬵״̬ͬʱʹŮ
Լ֮ǰֻ
ĿǸļһƬһֱʪҺı 
ŮֻһȦƤⱻǿгſһ˺ѵʹʹ
ķһʹ 
һֱעŮɫͣ¼ѹǰĶˣһ
Ѫӿֳ˲ȾոյֽȥһĹͷ
Щ죬Ҫ֪Žͷǰ˵ֽ봦ŮĤһξ룬ôͻȻ
ӿôѪ֪ܿеԵɡ 
һϸ죬ԭŮϵȻ𿪣ֲﾥ
ȥڷϵʱܳѾãټϵʱʱ˿ڴĲã
ʹճأǳһ𣬵ǿгſʱճ
һ𽥱ѣѪֱӿ 
вɰ̾ĸŮļݲУʱֻ
ֹͣͦȻҲΪ֪ͬβŮ⣬
ʹࡣĿǰõİ취ǰ̼Ӧ 
ʮ 
Բͨ˴˽Ϊ㣬˿Ůĸо
вůжҲǿ
˫ȦסĲͬʱʪԽ
ԽҺӿ˳ȾſϵĲ֮͡ 
ʱŮԸо˺Ѹвôǿˣе㱥ͣе
һȺУʹɿһϸ΢
Ҳ֮ϡ 
оŮı仯ʼڴĹͷһһ
ǰֱͦһ㱡Ĥ赲ͣȻˣ
˶Σһαһ˳ŮƺҲƷζ
ɣãԭӺµ˳룬۽üҼǲ֪
һĨ⡣ 
΢΢һЦ׼ʱȻһͦһΪϸ΢֮죬
ľһ±ȥ֮ͬʱŮԭ뿪ϵ۾Ȼ
ϴţʲôҲû׵ҧס´
ָҲԱܵƤ 
ûһᣬһʺѪҺŮľ֮˳
һѪɫ򾻮棬Ȼ£͸һ˿ޡ 
йϵŮҲкüˣδĴŮͷһξ
Ҳͱһһ˵Ľ£Ҫ
жƵġЩŮ˵Ļȣʵȣĸо
ɬͽֱ̣Ǵ粽С 
ʱҲ붯ôŴŮһݼ
¿Уȣʵһǿס
ĦǿС 
Ƭ̣ŮüͷɿҧҲ֮ɣ´һ
Ѫӡɼղҧϵ֮ɼŮĤƸʹࡣ 
ʱһĹȥ뾥֮ķ϶ѪҺϡ
٣ֱѪҺſʼͬʱ
ҲûŮ˫Ĵ̼Ĳѹ١ 
ȻϾ¹ϳƣôòŮ񾭣һ
ʹǲɱĲŮʹٴüͷ壬΢Ѫ
ĳٶӿ 
һûͣסˣѪҺԼԼͷڵǰ
Һ󻬻س鶯ȻȲǺܴÿһֻ֮ͦ
˳ʱǲγǵΪ׳Ĺ⴦ͣ£˶
խɽһ˺֮ˡ 
СΧĳ鶯ȻǸŮʹУܷΧ֮ڣ
˫Ŀ뿪ͣ΢ͷɢǴʱʱֱֻ
Ĳϡ 
û̫ʱ䣬һʧҺʼһδŮڷڳֱ
󻬶ȽһӣĳҲ˳ĳͷ
ʼôͦһαһֱȫû
ʧŮڣ˴˳ܹ 
ŶҪ˵֮ǰʹʹŮܷΧ֮
ڵĻôڵĿٳҲԳܵˣƵı
ֻȻֱ΢סƺ
ֹĿͳ鶯 
Ȼʱ·Դ󷢣Ůİ˿ܲˣĿ
Ͳ壬ѪҺҺһһĴ˳γɵѪĭһһε
Ͱ͵Ĵϡ 
Ůʹӷףֻ屻ͱȥһպ
·ɢˣڸǻջǵʹĸողŲȥֲﾥ
Ħ˿ڴѸѪ˿ͣƬѪ
ͷ 
ŮʹȻ֪֪˿ֻսپͣ
ʵҲͣΪʱ׷ܵԿѾǣ
ľǷййٷй 
鶯֮Ůľ͸оʹˣΪľ
·һѾԼһˣҲʹõɳڣСȴ
һ˫ʵ۵Сײǰ˦ǳɫͷԾֹ
˱ƣ 
ľ֮ӦŮƷ˿Уһĸоĵ
ڳ֭Լܸоʧȥˮͷ
ˮܣðˮŰѹ跢̡
ĶĤϲҽС 
һµĳйӿŮȿԼ
ϣȫ¶ȻǰѹŮ
ۣžһһĿͲ壬ҡžžĻŮ
ϣɼ֮֮ͦٵŮ޺˻Ǽ֣Ǽ
࣡ 
ٳ飬ֻȻͣһβ׵ֱ
ͷޱȣˬ֮ݣıڵһů
ʵС˱̽е 
ȻȴӲǿ̾أʮǻǻһйΪ죬֪
ûºҩΪ˷ֹŮһУֻܲȡĴʩ
ΰѻǻĲƣȻһסʹ׶£
һţŨ׾ҺһߣŮؿڲ䣬м
ķüϣҡҡ׹ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ˣôӦһҹɣڸʻλϵ
 
ڿֺЦ־ͷʹԴصӪغ椱
ੲݣ˵ЩĻÿһһЦ֮һ࣬
ҲЩʤˡ 
˵ע˽ˣô㡭 
һʱŵĻֱ۵ˣϸ˵ǲ˽
ӦýСԣ˵ľ 
ҲãľҲã֮޿ɷ档 
һûȤļһ˦һۣתͷٿû
һִյĸǰգ۾ЦǲҳԴװű
ֳĬ 
΢΢һЦÿɷ񡣼ˣΪԼ˼üëһ
ԵΪ⣬һִļߴ
ɲõģҿɲСŮˡ 
Сأһ絽߶ͣаЦȴҲ˵ƣ
΢΢һ¼Ȱÿڿء 
ȷʵײʲôˣֻú޺޵ĳã۹Ͷ
⣬һƬãĲԭ⣬Զбܵİ
һ๷ǰԶмֻ¹һ߾׽ҵҶһߺ
ĶŻʻĳӣֱӽˣЩ¹ŲŲæ߿
ƺһҲηЩ 
ǻ֮ǰƴʱ˷ܵľһˣʱȴԵ
ȤȻһ޾ɵӣ֧ڳϣ۾ǰ
֪ʲô 
ȻƷֱۣתӶڿðɣ
̹ףǸ˼ңǸŮͬҺѹҹһ
û˯ã˵ǲİˣ 
һбƳһƣֻ棬˵Цӣ
һͷ綷֪ôشĻʱصĿα
ϣֺҵץԼͷ̾찡̫˼ˣô
أҪ֪Ǹܣİûнġ 
ģҲĲζʵȷ
ǲİԼʣûаƣûУе
ֻŮ֮䱾ܵȻҲһͺϲ
ǷִţϲԶûĵز 
ˣƵļ򣬰οֻһʱ
ĸоͺˡ 
ðɣԸˣƽһԼҵͷ
ɫΪ˲ֲӣбҪ㱣־롣 
Ŷ־룿 
ǵģȵһվһ˵ĳӣҲһҡ
 
ƻ˵һ룬һҵıըضڲ
صĺһҡΣЩǰֵһƬ죬
ʻǰƤ׵У׸ߣ
˦⣬Ҳ֪ǻϵɢһأըǿҳ
úǰ粣˲飬ΪƬ籩һϮ
ˡ 
ſ£ͬʱҲ֮˹ȥƽѹԼ
¡ 
һֱںƽеƣʱͱˣ׼ȷ
˵Ǳըˣ޴˫ʱԵʧϣԸһƬհף
ֱѹûӦ˷ľ 
ǸֻƬûǣԲûжԳɴ
ֻ鲣ƬһѸٶϵĲƬȻƣ
ӵȻ󺰣ſ𶯣 
һһԻһʱʧϵĶҲָһ
ֻʧŶ찡⣬ǳʲôˡ 
Ҳ֪ʣſǧҶҳȥ
˵գһŵſţŵһͻǹè
 
ʱѾǹɣἰЩѺʿͻϮ
ƺİԲԵþʧ룬һ˳Ѱ
ĵζܲʱԻ 
ԾһССİ۲һ£ʱ
ɰһΪԷȥ൱࣬һҲǳͣԼһ
ѹƵļ̧ͷ 
Ҳǹ˼ɺЩװĶǾЩ˲ʹûͲ
֮౬ըԵǹɣ˵ͬڹ˼
ԾؾĿóȻ˦񵯣һͶʧϵ
ĻɾըԲ׿¶Ϊƽأֻ
ŷǱߺҷǹû׼ͷûһᣬ߾мǹ 
ɣƿڴǱԷǿĻѹסˣ˵֯Чķ
ˣ׼ֻܿ۶ŷǱäĿɨ䣬
Ǳɽ˵Է 
ݵĳըɵƤΪǰĿ·ߣ
ɣǵľ𿨳нʮ׵ľ룬İžΪ˷ֹ
ͬʱͻϮһ˵
ģĻҲ͡ 
ԸаοЩΪֻһˣڼ
ӳ£ҲͲٳǹҲһʱΪƵ
ȫġ 
ںװؾĴ󿨳ԶҲһݹǣԷ߷
˼ףϵıը÷ŴңǿĻѹƶʱ
һ⹤ͻǹĿһ䣬ǹǹͷ 
ˣɵƯԶɣ˷ܵĽк漴ǱߵǹҲܼ
࣬Ťת˱ľơ 
ããĴԭһʱǹֵ磬ԭʼȻƣԶ
ֶŵĴɢмֻ๷ǹжأлƮɢ
Ѫȵζ 
ս˫ˣƶһȴΪԷռ
ƣҿȥЩ˵սҲ൱ḻһ
֮ѸȶʱѾûˣӵҲˣ
ҪͱٵϣĻضǱ߷ߵĻ
ϣԼ޷֤Լİȫοƣ 
ǣɣǱ߿£ȡҩ⣬㿪
ʼϸΧĵƣԱȷһͨɣǱ̣ҲΪȫ· 
ſڰﰵԹ۲εʱȻԶӰƵ
Ǳ߿Щ߶ȫעĺԼսȻû
һȺԼⷽп 
ͻȻֵһȺ˽ƽЩ㣬Ϳʻ棬
ֳֹȻǵˣĸ⣬Щǵѣ
ǶЩ󣬶Լһʱûвװ
ûӼԭ״̬ 
Щ˲ӯݣƬ̹Щ
ʮ׵ĵط漴Щ˱ֹͣ˽Ų
һΪ˵һƣںڷļ֦ಡ˲㴩͸ÿһ
ߵĺ󱳣ߵǹȻֹһͷرô
Ϳĳ鴤 
һĻɣĿɿڴʱ漴Ǹһ
Ĩ΢ЦĴվЩ˻˻֣ЩҲ
ӶϵĹߴﹾĴ˵ʲôʱˬĴЦ 
ûˣɣתɣǱֵ 
ʱֻȺ߷ֳֿǺǸˣ
ȻһλĽСŮŮϹһЦ¶ѩ׵ݡ 
ŶԭˡƲ֪ʲôʱӺˣ
ߣǱߵŮһЦ 
ΪĿһۣ²ɶǹĿ࿴Ҫ֪ղŵǹ
սǶôң˵ڹŹǰתһȦҪһŮû
Ҳᾪδ컺û뵽Ȼһɣµ
ʵ̾ʲһ㡣 
ǸŮǸŮֻЦŻ˻֣
Ȼ̧ȱҪܹɸողһڵ
ϣʹ֮ɫ 
Σһʱȴսߵ㿴ĺ
£ôСŮŪáߣ˵գһСܵĹȥŮ
ߣ 
ʱŻȻ򣬲˼ץץͷʱɣҲߣ
ɻô£Щôǣ̫ˣ 
˵ţЩѾǰһΪ׵ǰ
סĺ󱳣ЦݵĺߴﹾĲ֪˵ʲô 
ɣæ򵼺һ룬׹
ľۼز̫ԶʱǼҵıըЩ
˾ˡ 
ΪǵߣһΪʹ޵ģ⵹Щ
ǻĻߣԭϵһжģ
ԼŵĿߣ˭ҲԶĶԼ
ҪԻȡҪĶҲҪһ¡صʽܽ
ԣԵըЩᾫ׳ӱ׷Ͷѭǹ
ͱը 
˲ŷֲǵߣ˻𲢣
ùܵģʱϳڼǹս֪
˳ϵСŮҳ϶ʩߵǣ˳
ˣǾͲܲˡ 
Ϊ˽һȷϣǼæһȥѳϵĴŮ˹
Ȼ֤ʵˣЩ̽ս״̬͵Ϯķʽɾ
ĽЩߡ 
ԭίɣǴΪˣľԼҪһ
Ѻ˵ǶôӢͬʱҲǸͷʩлҴ
óͰΪлͷҲǳˣɣ
һУǵΧ˷׷׾ǹ״ 
ȴûл֮УǺһŮߵԶһ㣬
ΪĲȻƵ㵽һȥҪ
һ£ߣҪݲгʲô 
Цҡҡͷʵ֪ƻˣʵ쿴һ
Ůûж񻯣תͷҪ뿪û뵽Լȴ
Ůץסˣһ㶣̧ͷһŮȴŮʢ
˲ 
һĻȻҲȴûһ˿⣬෴ȴΪ
Ůеһ˿ۣΪԸоŮİ⣬Ȼ˴
ཻǣע˲ܹһƺͬΪŮˣȻ̵
ְȴֲܰҵʹ࣬û˵ʲôֻǳʹ˸
ɫȻŮŬŬ졣 
ȻƵ˼ҡҡͷһΪϸ΢̾ϢȻ
˳Ůԣԥһ£֣סŮļ 
ŮһܳģĵЦݣͷȻĿļ
ͷϣʱŮǰƿĲȹ
ġ 
ʱŮƺЩˣļƼ״
סʾοȻҲԼĻֱʵ
ʲôҲǶԵģ˿ڵĻָ 
Ϊ˱ڸõĹ۲죬ƽŮĲȹһֱʣȻ΢ֿ
˫ȣŮزλȫ¶ڹ컯֮ˡ 
Ŷҵ찡Ʒһ 
ôˣһæȥ쿴 
ⲻãһҲһû뵽ֻһҹ֮䣬Ů
Ȼ׳ģСɽ緢͹ͷ
мǵ϶ѹĿ쿴ˣҲѹŮղվŵʱ˫
ϲ£һԵôʹࡣ 
׵Ȼһϸ쿴ûз׵ļ
ɣŮһ˵Ȼ˼ǽʱҩŮ˰죬
ˣͷ 
ʱǱߵɣߴ˼ʾϳ׼
ˣǱҲ߹ŮȻҲŮȥġ 
Ůļͷϣһı飬Ҳİƿ
ֱǱվ׿Ů
۾Ҳһ˿ܵĸоһ٣츩ŮĶͷ
һ±ǿŮ߬ס֣ͷҲصĴ̤ȥ
һεķ·ɣСˣѺװ
ͻǰΪ·ȷ棬ػǹרɳվ
һػǹһԶʱ۲Զͬʱ
ÿһһļ࣬һһϵ̨ʱֳ̱ͨ
βӦ 
һͬɣԽҰڳϣɣỹڲϵĿ
˵˳ϵŮʹ˳һɾΣ
ˣҪһʲôʧǼҲ͸Σˡ 
ЩʲôͷΪʲôҪϮǣں̽ͷǰ
ڸʻλϵ 
ʼ磬ʾ޿ɷ棬ƳһۣȻתͷȥ
ڿɣᣬʱõʱȻʱشֻߺ
˵֪ĦЩĸɵģģϰĻ
ߣ 
֪֮ĳޣǵͷʾףȻ
ԼĿóʼǱԣԼ˫ϥϣʮָɣžû
 
Ǻǣڼ¼ǲǸղǾһĻҲҪ
ͷЦ 
ȻҵĹΪҸε𣿡û 
ǺһЦתͷˣͷαĿ״ʵ
ȴƽһﻹŸղŵһĻŮϵǸ
ıӡΪ̣뵽Դһ𣬿½
ҲΪ̾ʤꣻһǴп²ôƽ˳˭
֤ĥ岻ٴϮ룬ҪһηܱסЩȻ
ǺãʵڱסĻǾֻ뷽跨ȫˣΪֲͼ
ա 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
֮󣬳һڴ˹ԭһʼǴη
һ·ϵ޾գɣĸ⣬Ҳǿʱɿ
ˣΪ߳˲ԭҲ߳L M ڣҲ뿪ĥ
Χʣµһ·ǳˡ 
˲ԭһƬİĮش¶Ⱥܸߣ̫
ϵûһ˿紵·𱻶˵ˣ
˴Ϣ 
ÿһ˶䤱ɣȥ£ֻһģ
ƱʹһT ˣȻ޿ѣұˮ
ʪT ļϣֵ״ճˡ 
ģȻǰɣʱʱ۹ӺӾͶﲻʱ
٬ĴſڣһûŮ˵ëͷСԱߵֺ
ֺЦǸɿһˣϰ壬ҪҪ 
㿪ŶãҲۡɣڴ 
Ĳۣô۾һῴǰһῴ󷽻ء 
ҡŶɣһ²Żζڵ٩
ɴЦȻüŪ۵޸ǳôһ
椶ܱݵĽ 
˵ɣͷһƣȻӴսһ㣬΢ѹЦ
ڴǲɧˣر 
ЦҡҡͷӹĺһˮȻĨһ
ǣͷһƵϰ壬ǰǼôЪһɣӿ쿸
סˡ 
ȷ˿̵ѾһЩ֢״ˣֻɫ죬۾뿪
ϣббĿϣ첲ĴţһԵ״̬Ҳ
ɣ޼ɵĿӣڳ֮ԭ 
ɣͷ̨Уע⣬ǰǿôפϢ 
Ӻʮ½½ͣǼôΧʿǷ׷״
ƹһĳʱҲƴӺ
Զһһô¡ 
ʱƵǱȽᣬҪǲȡʩĻǾҪж
չˣжͻᷢգŻ£ӿ죬ѪѹߣĻͷǳ鷳
ˣʱҲ˲̫ˣֱӽƱı棬΢һ
ǱһȺ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼϵѹ⣬ڿ㶼
ˡ 
һˮϤƵϣؿڴȻֹü
ˮˮǿµˮµľҿʱ˲١ 
ȿȡɡʲôһ߸ҿһ߱Թ
ţ㷢Լ޴ƣɷһУܵȹ˫
ֽ滤ǰϺס 
ˣţǿġһ߼µһ
 
˿˿ȻǰֻһˣԶ
Ǿɲ찡Ҫʲôҵ·ʲô㣬㲻
 
㵱񱰡ûЩ·ʪ͸ˣʱܴ
ˣɣȻ 
С𣿡ɻ󲻽 
ҲúϻԹԵĽ·һһšɣȻֱ̫
µʯ̯ɹʱƺʲôһ
㲻ԾڳԺģȵܣұ³Ҷ֪
ҵȷˡ˵̧ͷϵлл㣬
ΪҸղŵĻǸ 
Ǻǣлûе󺰡åҾͺܸˡ 
һ㶣漴ԳԵЦǰ˫Ҳ
ڵϣҲţҲıֱһģ 
ôڸо˲ٰɣ 
ţȷǺࡣҡһԴʾͷѾٻ
ˡ 
Ǿͺã 
ղֻŰƾ֢״Ͼ˼Զ
ĳ޶ãͷϵ鶼æˣ۾ҲͲ
ϣǰļԲ˫飬Ľ𷢣ȼһĨ
ƣ޲еڵһ 
Ȼָ˵ȻܵĿ⣬Ȼǵûڶܣ
ͦأϰ˻Σֻ޳Ҳʱ£
϶ĴʱʱĴǰһ 
𣿡ѹݺ״֪
ʲô 
Цĺ޹˼ɣƵĽͦˡ 
㡭ðɣݣĿƿһ棬
ɺűڵϡ 
ЦˣЦĿĶֵ⣬ʵ̫ɰˣ
Լ޴Ʋ߳˵˻úøĥһ
֮ǰһ뷨͸֮Ժˡ 
Ц֮ʱúôһܣԭȼֱ
磬տڴмôطĿ֮
Ҳһ˿ɫʯɳһļûУ
ҲûһֻɹԵޱȵļȡ 
ʲôطôôִڶǰ۾Զ
 
۾״ĵĪɳڰĮش
M ͵̹ɣϵĵؽˣҲǵĿĵء 
Ʊʾ׵ĵ˵ͷȻʣ̹ɣǸҪ
ʲô˰M 𣿻˵M ǺϷģ 
Ǻǣ⻹࣬治һߡЦ 
գգ۾ЦȻҵְ𡣡 
ǺðɣҸ㣬̹ɣطûһҲǵһ
طǸʲôҲͲö֪M 
ϲϷǸҪҪǣM ޴½
Ȩ˵൱й֮Ϊڷ޵ң
ЩȽСĹңִĵ̸ֶùֲ֧ܰȵִ 
Ŷƾȵô 
Ǻǣ޵һʱҲӦ˽⵽ﲿӶ࣬
ˣ֮ϻи߽һ㣬Ǿ˵Ͻ
һĻʵۣƹžãΣµȣȨΪ
Ҫһ۶ฯܣٱϻҪԺþ
˵Ǿһ仰¡ 
찡ƳԾŴͣʹūС 
ˣ޻вٵʵūơ 
Ŷ찡󣡡 
𾢣Ǳߴɣĺˣ׼ˣ 
ɹʯϵ·˻ʱ·ɹ͸ɣ
ϺȻ˲٣Ҳˬȵıĸ첲
Ǳ߹ȥ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
̹ɣʵһķšM ССв
٣̹ɣ㲻һ֧Ҳ
Ҫӵе˵̹ɣͿ˵һˣϽ
ݴƽأȻЩش󲿷ǻĮɳû̵
ƶ֮أ̹ɣ˶ƸԵ࣬
ǿʵҲޡ 
ȻҲ˵ʵϣ̹ɣڵĺ
ʱǱһиסˣӡУ޵Щһ㶼
ΪԭʼȻȴִϢ֮ǰ·
Բéݷˣȡ֮¥·ˮཽģԻ
·ƣ·ܵв٣в 
Ŷ찡ﻹǷ޲𣿡ƾ̾ 
һҲĸоȣͷ͵е㶼еĸо
ǿĪɣ򶼺òٰǺǣЩִ
滮۹Ⱑ 
˵Ĳ̹ɣǸˣմϰӹ
λûã˵û֮ǰѧб
ִ۹˼άɣ͵ 
ŶȥѧԵúǾ档 
ѹˣ˿ƺҲǺҰ
İ 
ţҲôģȻ̫һԵҪôľ𣬿
ǲԼϰֵıΪԼȨ˾Ҫһˡ 
ǺǣҪĻǴϰɾֻˣӴ˲ûˡ 
˵ǣ 
 
̸ЦǰĳӺȻͣסˣ̨㴫ʻǰ
˵ĺУϰ壬ǰ˼ǵġ 
Ŷ֪ˡɣһ㽫һԽǰĳӣֱ
ǰ档 
ǰһһ״ͣǰһֿϷ
ƤƤĳվԲʵװʿ 
Ŷɣᣬҵѣּˣ̫ˣӷһ
˺ӣһ³ſ˫۶ɣкš 
ҲǣɣҲЦſ˫ӭǰ¬ֵܣ
㣬ɫԽԽˡ 
˺ѣһ԰дһ´ˣͲ󣬿
ȥʮңһͷϼһīһѩѣ
һӳǷʴĶ̿㣬´һ˫ЬԵ÷ǳ⡣ 
⣬³ĻĿ׳ʵŮˣ
һ׼ľ˴磬һͦĵɫװͷñŵžѥ
Ǽ϶£ǰϻһʻεĺɫ˿Ϻб
ϵװŮȫճʵԵӢˬ 
һ¡ѹɣָ˵ҵ
֣ôλС㡣˵գָź˺
ӵλ¬ֵܣ壬Ҳ̹ɣϵһλϣ
ǰĴ˰ 
¬ժīһۣȻЦһˣ
һˣ˵ɣᰡδ˿湻ȫİ 
ɣһ㶣漴ҲЦ㲻˵һû֣ȤȤ 
ȻʧЦʱֻ¬ô
һ·˳ɣ 
˳ɣЦָָһųǶĻ
ء 
¬ĵ˵ͷ漴°һƲߣҳ 
ɣ¬ֿϷƷԼ
ǰУһСʱ֮һƾӪĳʿ
Ĵţʻ˼ӣһһյأ·ٳһĵطͣ
 
ٳѾʮȺˣһͣЩ˱Զɢֱ
ǼװؾĴ󿨳ǰʱֻ¬һڵˣʼж
ɡ 
ڸǰЩжϿɵĿʼ
ж𣬶ʱм˰˼ӣ¬
һϣȻֵ 
ɣ᲻ǵһѺ;ˣȻ൱Ϥǰÿһ
ν˵֮ɸеСͷͷӴģΪ䳤
ϵ¬ǸмڹСµģʵϱɣ¬һ
ǶƵʺ򣬵ʵɣ򽻵ȣֻ˵
ʶ̸ 
һȴ¬ԽӴɣȻԸгԾҲʲô
Ͼһλֵ޴ǴһڻԺԷȴḶǮ
£￴жȻҪɣеЩ
ȴûֳʲôֻ˳£ȻЦҵѣǰ
õĺ㻹ǲ𣿡 
ɣǧᣬҲְ֮ڣ
Ҵ⣬Ƕǲġ¬Ź 
ȻǾ㣡 
ûٽ̸Ŷȣеĳɣ
ЩѺʿϯ³̵ĳ̣졣ֻ
סٳĿǸʱʱĳվ
ɣԱߵ֣Ҫһ𿴣΢Цҡͷܾ 
˿ȤŮϣŮ˴¬
һ³һֱߵľ봦ºҲһֱվһ
˼ȻܹľѵЩ
졣 
Ҫ֪ڷ޴½Щеطϵװܹ
ѵ󲿷ֶαɢ£ֻܹһЩԽΪʵõľѵ
֮࣬վ֮ĳľԺУطǲ
ڵġ 
ʵϳ⣬ɣ¬˱ͦĿбӵŮ
Ҳе棬һ˫۾ס¬ܿͲˣ
޵ôɣ㿴Σ 
ɣȻŶıڣ 
ôܾ𣿡 
ǺǡɣЦδ 
ʵһʼɣΪŮֻ¬鸾ľ
粻ϲðˣȻŮĿΪ׳˶
ظҵֻС򣬻ǺĿġ 
û뵽ǣŮ˾Ȼ¬ıڣҪ֪һ
̹ɣϵĳϣһ壬λ൱ߵģ䱣ȻͲ
ɫ 
¬³һƵɣҵڲ
ΪⰡǲǾǾһƿֻһã 
ĪᣬҾ޴⣬λȻΪıǶй
ֻ֮Ǻˡɣ͡ 
¬ЦЦգΪչ֪û˵۾
ţ 
۾ţɣԵеãȻ漴̧ͷһ治֪
ˣ˵𣿡 
Ϊ˼һµĪǺǱʲô 
λѼʶ㰡¬Ц
ǵ貨ŮӾѧԺǿУ׼ĸߵ
ԺУרʵŮˣǸԺУŶҵ 
ɣȻǴϴһƣηƺ˽⣬ҲĮģ
ڿﻹŵģϾ˵Ӱڷޣ
Ƕ൱ġ 
ţ⼸λ¶֡˵ţ¬
Ѿжµһǰִһľ䣬ֻ
װǲɢ˵ļ翸ʽ 
ɣȻҲ¬ǰʱֻţ
˵˵ʲô 
ƣ漴ǰһֻľһۣȻ米
һּ翸ʽж̣ͨù˾죬̿Դ
ǧף߶ҲԴǧףһֽΪȽĵз
ĹܣԹͿеĿ꣬رֱɻȻҲԹ
Ŀ꣬糵̹ˡ 
ٲʵа 
Ȼ¬⻰˼뿪ֻĽ
翸ʽһһϣӣһļ翸ʽ
ˡ 
16 
ҲǰͷжŵŮ˶ȷ
˽⣬ҪʲôǹеͲ֮ǻΪ棬ϾЩ
Լ򵥵Ĺ죬Щˣһ˶ʹ翸ʽ
ͲͬˣֵṹӣԸ˲٣ͬʱļ
ȽϹ󣬲һװŻӵе˵ģԻʹõ˷ǳˣ
ȫ˽Ⲣװʹþ͸Ƿëˡ 
ʱɣҲ޵ãȫְҵ˵ķɣ 
¬Եúǵⲻʲô˵ôһСˣ
Ƿɻ̹֮ĴһҲǵӦ֡ 
˲𰡣ɣӦ 
¬һЦӵϼһȭͷʯͷȻһ
Ů˵ڿˡ˵գһʯͷ㱻ա 
ͬʱһǹ죬ͬʱڰ
¥ߵǿʯͷķѣٿһǹбſ
еǹڻðŵ̡ 
ǹһɣԵĹ 
ҲŹƣȷڸղŶװ翸ʽһ
ǸѶȣҲ˵ǹ׼ǷӦҲǿһҪ֪
ǰǹԭŵǹǹףǹǹ׼
⼸һǳɣһӾˣȷʵһġ 
¬ЦŰڰֵֻģ֮⣬ʲôƣ
ʻǱˮȵȣǿ˵һͨһ 
ɣͷţ֪貨ŮӾѧԺҵ
Ů˶ֱӷ俨Ƶģôõģ 
Ƕ۵ģͨһؽƸҵıڵġ 
¬൭һԴƺ̸
ﰵ˼⣬˵ҲǲϾŮ˿ȥҲʮ
ˣҲǲܣ˼һ£У 
־ҪΪ˫׸ǿԼʲô
ȭ񶷣ɵǹе֪֮ͨʶҲǲϵԣ
ʱΣ֪һ귢ɹ̨֮ʩȷʵ
ԼһףȶǵľƣڲҲķ˵ȷ
һܲ׵¡ 
Ҳǳ죬׼ȷ˵ϲУͷ飬
ԣ˱ȿѣͼͳһȵЩͲ˵ˣŮţ
ڸŮλʮֵµķ˵ʮֺģŮӾѧԺʹŮ
ھĸŮŵľʩ֮һ 
ȻûȥǣŮӾѧԺҲ֪֮꣬
ƵһƣŮӾѧԺŮ˾ͬһͨʿ
ۣҲԴͨʿܲˣ˵ʲ
ô٣ҲᰲŸְλ߼޸߹٣̫ܷȥĹң
ǽӴƣĶ߲㶼һ˽⣬Ϊ
֮˵Ƿǳмֵġ 
¬ȻԸ̸ŮڵȻǵǴ
ܹͣ뵽ǶеҪ֪ǿǿƵıڰ
Ǹʲô޵һ۰¬뵽ھ͸о
ԼĵλҲ֮·ҲǺͿһһָۣоˣ
ʮ 
Ϊ˽һҫչʾ¬ƳһɣҪҪ
˽һ¸񶷷ļɣʵ㰡ÿһ˶
߰˸׳ļ֡ 
ɣһҲ˼Ȥת׿Ȼϣȥ
Ůڻᣬǲ˵еôȻȴҡҡ
ͷ 
Ѿɣѹǿʤ֮ͣԴӦȫֻ
һʱڼҡͷʾҲعζǴģ
ҫģȽŹģ¬Ƕ
ŮʮֿأҪӮһֱԵõļһʮ
ûӣɾƽ޹ʵĺ֦ڣòʧˣ 
ɣڰֵǲҪˣҡ 
û˵꣬¬ϵֻǽֲ֣ಫ
ǻжҲû£ҵӡ 
Ǻðɣ¬ôһ¸߰ӣɣҲ
ƴǣǳڲԶЪϢȺʿһŵ 
аŵʿæӵվµƨɣ
ԼƨϵĻҳϣͻǹһ̵˹ 
ϰ壬ʲô£ 
СȭŹһֱ 
ŵ֪ŮڵֻͨŮȻ
ǽϰ壬ûڿЦɣ 
¬౾ΪڽϾһֱɣ
ȻΪɣıڣȻϰıôȭŹȻ
ģȻɣгһˣ¬౾Щܿ
ͷܹ߻񶼱Ǹǿ٣ʱ
ˣͬʱʶǸ˻ֻɣ֣Ǳڡ 
ǽͻʶⲻЦ¬üɫ
ΪһȤζԣҽ鲻ӵͷɣΣ 
ͷϣͷǡ 
šһ밡ֵİٷ֮һΪͷ
ô¬Це˵ 
ɣһһļֵǽʷһʣǧ
ٷ֮һʮѾԶԶɣķΧ 
¡ɣɫ 
¬ЦЦɣļ㿪Ц 
ɣ᲻ɰ˿ǺǸЦʱ¬ָһվ
ֱߵĶű˳һ߻һȥǼƷװ 
ŵʱҲһıԣǶıԸе
мһЦԸŮ˻Ҫһһϰɡ 
ȥװֻһɫĵĶŵһЦȰҴ
ӮһҲ١ 
ʱ򣬰ŵ۾һֱɫԵסڶ´
٬Ĵ˿ڡԭڽĵĳ£ԭԵúܷ
鷿˿̸ͻķ·ʱ¶߶ʱ
ΡΡ˫˲ΪĵǷʵġ 
Ŷ԰ŵаĿ޶ãİڳƣ˫ֽ
ճȭ漴һȣȻһԾȭֱӰŵš 
ѽôˣһֱڶʱĵļ
С 
ǸеģôһĿһ¡ 
Ŷ찡еĺŮĴôĳ̫ƽˣ 
ǺǣҲȱ½ۣÿ˵ 
Ļδ䣬Ǳ߾ʹ˰ŵһУԭŵһ
ݺݵСϣʹžƱסľһ
˦ŵ׳˶㵹ˤ£صڵϣ߻أ
Ҳű 
̫ˣȹ˷ܵĴ󺰡 
ѭȥһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣȻ˫ģ
ϵĻҳµ׾װ´ϲһһһ˿Ŀÿ
һŦۣĬĬվص¬ 
ŵǱĴӵкҲû򣬼ǹһ̵ˣ
ǵ¬ǹЦʵ⣬ɣʱҲЦ۾ŹȻ
鴫˵ã 
һп֮Ǳһˣ¬һ񣬹
𾴵ĴϣѾȫж꣬ͻ嵥ϵȫϹĿ 
¬ߵжµЩǰ¿һ£ֻټĲٳ
ŴССľ䣬ųһƬľѾȫ򿪣ʽ
ɢĹâͬʱһɵĻζƯڿС 
ţ¬һһߵͷ 
ǺǣǺҲһˣϰŲ𣿡ɣЦ 
¬һЦûд𻰣ֻһһ߿żóе
ֱȻţһ²ģɣҲӸ棬ʱЦ
ʱ˵ 
һľһȦɣô𣿡 
¬ҡҡͷɣ̵ǻ 
ǺǣԸ˵ 
ҲáɣЩ⣬뵽ʻ޴
Գ浹Ҳ֮УǵͷӦȻкٴ¬
ֿϷ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ڷޡ൱йŴĹȨ൱Ĵж
ľȨȨȣǸܲţԾͱ˵൱һ
ʵۣƹɱȨ 
ȻʵۣôסĵطȻͿԳƵСʹʵȷ
ˣֿϷһСʱ֮ܵľɫѾ˼ı仯֮ǰȫ
ǵ͵ɳĮ󣬸ȣ۶Ƴཹɫڳǰ
ȴⰻȻݷһɫ̺̾ͿһߡԶ
ߵɽһƬïֲ֣֦ܵҶһѰȣ
ɫĹʵϸһԭ㽶֡ 
㽶ԼһĶ洦һʮƽĺˮ峺
ҫºϷԹâмֻ֪ʱʱӹ棬
 
㽶֮䴣һռƽ׵Ľס
ĹϿʸʽ񣬶һֱգ
ǽȫɻҾʯƣ⣬ⶥȯɷڵһЩʽԪ
ﶼһһ֣֪˻ΪԼ߽ŷ޴á 
汻һʯǽΧǽͷϻܼĵֿϳӽ
ʱԶ滺򿪣Ȼǵصģʻ
۲쵽Ͻǵʯǽһͷͷµĺɫָʾһһ
ʾ˶һж۵ס 
֮빬Żй׵ľ룬ʯǽΧԺ
񣬻ҶïһԲˮŹţˮмɽȪʮ
һǰ԰ǳ 
Ӽʯ̾͵һǰţÿһξվ
һԲʣͷñȫװʿ֮ǰЩʿһ
ǣվŵʿ˵ıȴ࣬󲿷ֶǰˣм޻Ƥ
˵ףǵװҲ·ϼЩʿһЩ
һɫǷ£ʽǹ֮ûʲôˡ 
ȻЩ˵װҪĶˣһ׼ɳĮԲ֮⣬ñӣ
սѥģ׵٣⣬ֵҲ۵ķ
ƣ˲ǹʽװͣǹͬʱȵλûһǹ
ϺͱԼӵĵװûʲô 
װ֮⣬Щǹƻվ˶ǳĵλ
Щαɢʽȫͬ࣬һ֪Ƕ
ְҵˡ 
ɣҲǵһط޲ڣ벻ɳĮ
ﻹôһޣѵãѵã 
ǰ̫ˣ̫ˣҲͣж
Ҫóһˡ 
ķ羰ȻǾȣźЩְҵ˸Ǹе
Ծ¬ʮֵ⣬üɫĽܵǣЩ˵
ŶǾԸҵľֲӣĺͻӣ
˹İгʣɫеȹҵֲӣսһ 
ˣЩְҵ˶ǹӶѹ˾ӶࡣʵҲ
Ϊ֣ڷޣݣսǼҳ㷹ҲùӶô
һ֯õķչΪЩ˵Ǯ׵ã
һ֧ʸߣˮƽǿӵзḻ¼ܵĲȴģҲûǸ
 
ΪӵḻԴССĹӶ֯ǲ
طٶڣеĹ֯ƸùӶ̹ɣ
ֹӶҲͲΪˡ 
ǰЩӶ϶ǺˣǺóͬʱ
Ҳ֮ͽüǹ֯ˣõҲǴ۵ģ
ܹһЩľѵǰȫǴӸֲ۳ģ
ֲӣ⻹һμ 
ɣҲޣ˵Ƹôһ֧Ӷѿ²ưɣ 
Ȼ 
ʱѾʻ˹Ĵſڣ߸ߵ̨վһȫ
װʿ̨һλͦһԲʾװǾģİ˴
 
еǡ˴ǰ򿪳Ŷ¬
 
֪ˣ¬ͷ 
Ůһȣ³ɭϣȫǾб
ϵģŮڻǺܾעܣ¬Χм䣬
Ҳһһ³ 
ŮڵĴӵ£¬ҡڵĲ̨ףҪ
ȴ˴סˣֻĿԲǲЯ
ڵģԸλҪܽȥ 
˽һ㶣ʱ¬æعͷ͵λҪᣬ
ĹأκأԻλһ° 
Ȼӡ˵գɣԼͳһǹݸ˺
ӡ 
ҲԼǹ˳ȴ޶ԣͱ
һʣӢǹأôȥ˼ˡ 
ҵǹǹŴ۾޹ĵͺȻܿ
ȻŶ찡ˡ˵ţϽԼıͳ
ǰĿ¶ǹ˹ȥ 
һλܺõġֽǹһʿȻ
˸ơ 
װ꿼ؼ̵İԲδŴмչʱһ
ݻϢӭӳǵĸɼ˵ĺɫʯ
̵ǰɫڸӼͼ˿޵̺һյ޴ˮ
ƹڵ룬ΧյСˮƣ֮⣬ǽڣ컨и
ӶĻơ 
ȻݻȴûƷƽ׵ĵԵÿտյ
ֻǰĸ̨ϰһſɳɳһĺˣ˵
Ӧþ̹ɣϵˡ 
һƳİɫ·ýŷ׷·
ؿڵλϻһ׵ͼһͼڣɫ
һȦһȦ̾ţƤɱ棬Ǵ죬³ʺ
ͷͬʱҲ¶ǰɭɭļǳı棬˿˺ëֱ
־塣 
֮⣬ﻹһжŮеͬԲʣȫװİ
ˣվ̨£עŽһˣŮһǰˣһǺ
ˣֱֻȱߣţԽЩǿ
Ҳһۣһ˼̷ 
ŶӣޱȵȵĿѾˡ¬վ
̨¶Ÿ߸ϵһ 
һһӣߵŮ˵
վʱɣҲյڳʩʺ 
̸УۻһȻɣḺֵɵͬʱ۾
סվŮˣɫƯŮ˾͹ܲ
Լ۾ʵΪŮ˴̫¶ֻҪԣ۹
Ȼ᱾ܵıȥ 
ʵϣһ˱ݻ⣬ʼע
ҪǷǸϣϸϸһŽĿ䵽
Ůϡ 
ŮƯƯ֪Ϊɺɴͳ
Ůǵȴޱ֮˴ֻһȤ
˯һ˿ۣ֯ᱡİ͸ϸڵס涯˵壬
һֵʸУУΪջ󣬸ΪĻŮ˷
ɫһīһѩڰ˫ʵˣ 
տʼŮ˶Ľ£һţĵ
ûڶվˣ͸͸˿ʳۣ˵һࡣ 
˵ǸŮʤΪƣ䣬
ΪȥжʮˣǸŮ׼ȷ˵ֻһС
߻ǸŮؿλãҲݵǰֻ΢΢¡
ȫܺͰŮǰһ鷿ȡ 
ҲƣŮԵ÷ǳĸ˫ȣʵ
޳ƨ̣ͦȻ˵ӯӯһգȴԵ൱ͣȻֵó
Ļǰ飬ĿУֱŵǰ˿۸
ϣ½󲻵ò߳ʹڵĸ¶⣬ֳһ
鹵 
ǰ͹̵ȻǸСŮܱģҲ
ԣҲᱻߣΪ֮̾С
ŮһڵķҼΪϸ壬øƾ۸Ϳж
Ƥϸ⻬ȷǸŮҪѷһˣСŮȻݵ
֫ȳƣ͹Թν֮ݲԹǡ 
һһСһһڣȻǿҵͬʱ˵ĸоΪǿңܻ
֪ǵòΣ벻ȥͬʱ
Ŵ 
17 
ʵϣ۹ŮϲͣѲҲԴһ
ĿתĶŸ̨һһڵޣԴ
ɫͬĿǾͬ顣 
ˣ˵ôаŮֱһ£
յС 
ҲǵһȻŮư˳
Ǳ˷ӸģΪ鲢ʼڷǳǮ
ƵĲ˿ǼΪģͱĴϰֲͼ;
Ǯī˷ƯŮ 
û𻰣ֽŵҾɼв
ȶźǸġ 
ŶΪʲôôã 
ֶŰŮһ۵㿴۾
ʲô˵⣬һое㼤ƺȡ 
𣿡 
Ȼע񣬱⿴˼ҵ塣Ʋİһۡ 
һЦ콫עתŮ۾Ȼ˫ɫ
Ӳϵƣ˼ϣȴְηʮָӣ 
֤ʵԼĲ룬Ůʮа˾Ǳ
ģҲˣڼƣһӢǱ
ĿжҲ֮ңķͬ
ܲŮеͬʱҲôһϣϣܰ
ȳȥ 
ûУ 
ͷС˵Ĳ˹Ҳˣ
µҲˣϣܾȥء 
¶Ȼ԰ôû뵽ҲأҲҲ
̽տ죬ȴ°ūУҪ 
һæôȣ 
ҡԶԡ 
סڴʲôط˼ҵĵ̣ҪǺĻ˵
ˣԼҲԶһϵūֱ 
һʲôԾ档 
ǡ 
ûпǡ 
ԥĴƵΪ˷ֹ˵ﵽɣ
ߣʱ֮ĶԻҲӽβֻվ
޵ĴӵСš 
ϰ壬ô鶼̸𣿡ڵ 
ɣ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ˣʱûôֻֽܸ
ǧʣµǧʯ棬Ҳ˵ˣʵҪֽĻҲ
ԣһ¡ 
ô죿ȵ 
ȥʹϰͨᡣ 
˵գɣһһߴԼĿͳǵ绰һᣬ
¬ϰͬʯʣµǧ򣬲ǰ
ʯƷһҪá 
ҵѣģǳʯƷһġ¬
ౣ֤ϢһһԴ
ȥǵʯȥǰѲɼʯóѡӦû
ɣ 
ɣһ룬˼Ҳ޻˵ǵͷӦ¬
úܸˣļüˣһ·ҲˣȥϢ
Ϣɣٹ 
˵գ¬תԶԱߵǸ˵˹ȥ
Ϣ 
ǣϣ 
¬һЦŮڵΧ³ŶȥʱǸв
˹İҲ˹λ 
һ˳ʽһСĺ棬ʱ
Ǽ˷滹кüСͽȻˣ˵СΪ
ռƽ׵ĹСʵǲСһ¥
ɡƷУ˹еһ¥ȥ 
һ·Ͼ̸֪˹ŷҽݿˣҲһ
ֱӾ֮һй˵Ĺʱ˾Ӵ
һӶ 
˹ʱ˾ʵ൱ۺģضз֧
޻ǵصϾҵ󣬶˹ڼ
ǳɫԱ˾ɵ˷صȻֱ˾޷֧
ɵ̹ɣϣܴͻ̹ɣίУһӪĽƽ
˸𱣻İȫ 
¥¥濴ȥͨͨɫȴ൱
һˮĥʯ棬״λƵĵɫƣа
ŴɳɳżŮȫǺ椣ű¶
ŨױĨ͸ŷ糾ζһ֪Ǵ²ְҵ 
ЩŮɳǳ̵ĳ̣ȾƵĺȾƣ˴ִ
ֵĺܣһ˼İ˱ֱǼЩ
椵۹ϣв빴 
İŮԣЩȻǲȤɣ
һҲǺɫ֣˵꣬ȻԶԶûǳɫֲᣬ
òҲȻȻעĿ 
ʵϣڷޣܺ˲Ҫ֣ڳ
ֳ񣬺˱ѹȣ˼Ļܵ˺ܴӰ죬
ͬʹŮϲԼһƤΪײȻ
һɫƤǸı䲻˵ˣ൱һŮ
ǳɫԱһѪӶıһ˵ķɫȻ
뷨ĺŮ϶ǳеģȽִĦǡ 
ʱһ椴ɳվһȦһŤƨߵ
˹ĸǰһִסļ򣬷˵Ц˹⼸λǣ 
˹Ŀ֣ǶĹͣÿ 
⵽ĶԴȴ⣬ŵŤŷת
ӣתͷһɲǻoһۣȻһҡĻصɳ
¡ 
ߣ 
˹кһмȥת
һȣĲһݣǶĸо棬Ҫ֪ⲻ
ֻ¥Ȼݡ 
ǵķ䰲¥˹һ߰ݰťһߵһ
¥ϢнӳҵһЩг¥¥
Ƿ䣬ԵȻϢ˾ĵĻµһ¥תת
ѵģ˵⣬ƳһƣĻûгڡ 
ɣʶ׷ʣʲô 
˹ЦһЦղҲˣ¥вŮ
ǼŮȻǿ϶öλţҪҪͿԡǺǣȻ
Щշѵġ 
Ǻǣ벻ﻹӦоаɣЦ 
бƳһۣӿڵ˵á 
˹΢΢һЦ˵˵ãЩŮã
׬Ǯֶ໹ȫûô鷳һɣܶļŮء 
˵Ĺ򣬵Ѿ¥˹쵽һߵϣָ
һŷ˵ǵģˣҾͲ
ȥˣټ 
˹طص֮Ƹ˵ֵ̫ˣڿһ
Ժú˯һˣһ·ס̫ˣ֪ԡû
УľǺúϴ˯һ 
ЦĵβͣӦϴĵطɡŮʿȣѡ
һ䣿 
ţѡм䡣˵գƻֱмķţŤ˽ȥ
ŵʱɣЦҡҡ֣š 
ɣļˣҲȥϢһ°ɣղǸ
˵Ĳ⼸˯ȷʵ˯ˣǺú˯һ´󴲣
չһ½ǡ˵գһƽȥǼ䷿סĲӣ
⫵Цݵһ·С飬ҿǱܣȻúúˬһˬ 
ǺһЦδɣֵղſһ£¥Ǽ
ɫȻһ·ţһ¿ζʵҲǮ
ǮҵɺҶһʱģ˵
ϰ廹Ľͣٺ٣˵꣬ɿ֣ƵĲһ䷿ 
Цҡҡͷ֪ԼɣӡСƣ
Щĵˣ˭֪ԼĿأҪԼҪã
ҲǶŮ׿øṩõѧϰĻܵ
ɲģˣǮԶΪԼ豨ѹ֮
Ǯ˼ɣ 
ƿţһ׷ǿ棬õĻ
Ȼ̸ݻеĻ϶УԡҺͲ档 
ϴ裬Ȼú˯һԡҳһë
ͷһ򴲱ߵʱˡˡʱ뵽¥
µļŮˡ 
߰ɣҲҪ 
ҲͶ⺰һ䣬ҼŮ⵹ߣ
˵ԼŮʲôӣǳڰȫĿǣϾڷޣԽ׵
Ⱦ̲ı൱ߵģɲΪ̰ͼһʱ֮ˡ 
Ȼ˺ûĻƵģţ·𲻰ÿĲ
ƵģΣֻ߳ңźһһ˵
Ҳ˵á 
û˵꣬ǰֵһòѺĻʻ˶ԭ
վĲԤ¥¼ŮƣֻһͷƵ㷢ʪ
ģҼ仹ˮ飬ֻһɫԡȻһմԡ
ҳ 
Ϊȣûü˵Ʊһͷ˽Ȼһ
ߣű㱻ϣžһסĲӣһݣֻҲ
ϡ 
ˣǡ 
㷿ûŮˣЦŶĶ 
ûһƵΰڿˣôǲ
ԤĲһ 
һ֪ЩŮôҿһϴ
͹ˣǰ⡣գ۾ԼС
⡣ 
ǺһЦ˫סƵβʲô
㲻˵Ҫú˯һɾ˯˾Ŷ˵ţʮ
ָսǰԲεΰ̱ЩΡ 
ƷһʹĽɫڣ
ļͷûҪ˯ 
ʱϱ˴˶ֻһԡͬԡֻΧ䣬
ǹؿϣԾʱϵĦ
ǹĲʵԡʱɿ¶ѩ׵飬
ԡ°˫ȵ̧ɵľ˴ȸϣӶʹĿ伸
յ 
ˣ֫ŤĿ貿ֱĦĸ
ֱڳѪյ޶ԣ
ͣ𣬸ԡǶһ΢֮ء 
Щ̲סˣôƣҴǰȻ
ֽ׵ϣ׶ץסԡһǣһ䵽
֮ϵԡҲ֮һ˿ҵĺ塣 
ص䵽ϵƷһУűҪȴһԾ
˱ϣΧŵԡʱҲˣµǸ⾥ֱͦͦ
ƵģһҪ˵Ļֱ
Ķʪͷ鲻ԽһСأһ¡ 
ǼȺЦͬʱָеһ˿⣬ǰһµ
׼Ƶǰ»ζϷʵСǲ볢
һ 
˿һץסǰƵĳ⾥бƳ
յʲôС̫ˣҲϲô˵ҡ 
ͷЦĵұ֤Ļ˵ 
뵽⣬һְƵԺ¸ͦ⻬˶ԲĹͷֽ
촽ۿҪƴ룬ȴæսǲֵֹǰ
ͬʱȥԾ̵𡭡Ҫ 
㿹ܵӣȻѵû
飿 
šĵͷ 
Ȼû 
ܾ𣿡ƽĵİһۡ 
Ǻǣȷʵе㡣 
ϸǰԼǰ˹ͷ⻬Ĥ
ѣ˵ķۺɫľɫһ㣬͹
һֻֻС棬ӾӶʹ٣أ
֪ԼѾʪһͿˡ 
ҲǸϴԵʣûһ˿ζͻȻҪȥƷ
һĳ嶯Ҫ֪֮ǰǷһǿȵʣҲʹô
δڽƱܵĶ㿪ȻԸ˵һص
ˣ֮ԾҪΪûĵˣʹſĻȥ
԰ 
ʱпʼǰɫ鼮͵ӰŮ
˹ôÿŪ˵ǻûһͱ
һѸѹ£漴˫ȱ̧𣬼ۡ 
⧲ƷһУܵľʲʲô 
ͻ֪ˡ 
˵ţ̧˫ȷֱܵԼ˫ϣȻԼѼ
ӲסҵѳѪʪһĦʪҺ
һƬ 
ƴʱȣĽ͵ŤţֻỬֱ۽
סĲϣŶףװģĥĥ죬
ȥ 
΢΢һЦǰһֻ̡ͣһȵȫ
ûݽƵͬʱһҺŰ
ľ罦СʪһƬˮ 
Ŷ졭찡Ȼʮָݺݵ
Ƥ 
ֺֿݵһ嵽Ƹеڼȱ֮һ˿˿˺ѵ 
ʹʹ̲סԭĶͷһɰƳ
ִľѸƵƨϣİŵ
 
ȱ𶯡 
ûж΢΢ף۾ˬ̾ϢѨ
ȷʵǷǳĽֻʪ󣬹ÿѪܶͣѹ
ÿһ񾭣ʹһﲻ˼ 
˴˶ѵðʱ̣Ȼʱó
еΪ֮һѣǱ˴˶һۣ漴ϾֳĵЦ
ݡ 
߰ɣҲҪһ 
ȱžܾ㿪һţҲ㿪źͻı⡣ 
Ů˵ 
治Ҫ߰ɡ 
ȻڼֻŮ˵һѵį
ҿ㡣 
˻һƶˣ˶֪ľǰ¥µļŮ
û뵽Ů᲻ҪǮһС㻹
ŮҪǮҪ 
Цһ£ʱڲʱƶߵ
û취ֻܿˡ 
ңһʱûס 
㿪˵Ϊһ˺ܼį͸Ҳį
įҴ˿̻ء˵ţĥһ¸ȻСȵ
س鶯һ¡ 
һӦڣʱڵʹѾڲ֪ʧˣ
ô΢һ¶ʱдһĸоһ
Ѩ֫ųһССĻ𻨣ˬֹסķһ
 
ȻƷʱЪסˣ
˵ĵǸŶԲˣף죡 
ˣ˵ðɡһЦһͦʼ
鶯 
ƱĻ飬һ˫۽Ŷ硭
Ҳ᲻Ὺš 
żԼ˫ǹСȣʱʱǵȻᣡ 
˫ٴƵ󣬽§ס桭Ĳ
 
μ˲ɱǺЦȻô˵һ
ļŮһвСû 
ԭ㡭ǻĿǰΪ㡭찡
 
ƶ϶ĵ٩ȴͻȻ˵ĴСԭ
лੲ˵û꣬ͷգǽһֱº
ĳȻӿ࣬ÿһζĵⶴľͷŪǰ
У緢˺ˮһ㣬֭ڡžžײĴɽ 
ϵۡҡʧһУ
 
ٺ٣¶Ŀ˰ɣ˵ǵ㻹ˡаֹ 
Ķ󿪴Ըеıڳһ˶ֳĻ
ȣĵŪʹҲĴƵĻϣǿҵĳ
Ӷһһʵģǰ˫ҡΣ鲨 
ɣ㣬˵ҧгݡ 
ŶҡǵɡǿҵĴ̼Ƽ
˻ԼѨҪˣ¶ȸߵļ˻һֱ
裬飬ʲôɬֶ׵ȥˡ 
ûʲôٳļɣеľǴͳµĳ¹涯Ȼ
ֱֱȥĵŶȴʾһ˵ԭʼƺܿͳ
֮£ȫõ̺죬ɫʧǣֻ
Ҳס˵ĲˣֻľסµĴһֻС
ŭ˦¡ 
Ƭ̹Ʊ㱻˸߳ıԵ޼ɵ׽
ĲϹɱƽʱѵһССᣬͬʱ
ǺȻעһ֮ǰıתȫӭֱֻ۽
貿ʶУ죬졭
ˡ 
˻УƵһȱڵļ⿪ʼĲ̶
鴤Ŀһһκ˰ͷֺ
˲ͽûڲʹʧȥʶԡ 
18 
̹ɣطΧݣֱΪūݣݺͰĦҮ
ݣסڵؾڰĦҮݣݰٷ֮ʮǻĮ
޷չũҵҲûа취ҵԲԴ൱ޣȻԴȥ
֮ξ͵õ˴ĸơ 
ƵԭΪ﷢һʯ󣬶ҿĴƷλ൱ߣ
ĿǰѾڳʮһٿϵʯˣ˷
Ĳ˰Դ 
ʯλ֧ɽ϶ضΣ֧ɽǣ͹
һɽϱӽǧ϶ضڵƬ
Լٹ·̡ 
ڶ죬Դһеʯȥѡʯ¬Ҳ
ͬǰһ˹ƺƵԽҰǰ濪
˵ݣһӳú⳵ʮҲǴ´
࣬ʱ˼ʻԱֻһһūɣỹ
Ǻ¬ֿͬϷɺԼԽҰ
ϣ滹һغǹʵʿĴ󿨳 
һ·ϣû˷ܵĶգǾڸ
ʻϯλ˼ڻζʲôʱʱʱǣ
ʱ㯣ḻˣ 
ǲǻڻζζһֱ˵ϱ
仯㲻ɵЦ 
һȣǴ󷽷ĳϵŶװģȷʵ
˻ζ˵ţԭƽ˫Ƚһ˶ȣ
Ѱζ 
ȷһ뵽һδƽһĿи߳ʪˣ
һĳ㣬治׿ʲôڵıܻ
ʶĽȽһ 
Ʋ֪Լ߳˼Σֻ֪Լǻͷˮ
ܣˮ磬ˣǼ£ҲǼ£ָоǰ
δеģǰ˵ǿ׳ԾϣеĴ
˹ôǿ׳ô֪ƣ룬ȥʳ֪ζ 
ԽԽ飬ԽԽʪƳڻ֮
̲סʱȻعֻյվӾ֪
ʱѾǺˣвΪΣˣ
ʲôڿǴģɲҪҷ飬Լôʧ̬Ͻ
עŵǰǼϣ 
һǿԼҪһŬʹԼı
˷ͷɫ㷢Ȼڳϣ°ͣԴڿ
õʯǲǾ͸÷ˣ 
Ȼ 
治ϣô죡 
ֵĿһ۵ô죿ʲô˼ 
ư漴ٶȸһĨΣһ۵治֪
ôϲļһ 
ȻԭǲôԼһ;һص
˿ĪɣӹҲҪ뿪ˣ˴Ӵ˿¾֮ˣ
뵽⣬Ҳ˿ 
йоŻ޲ɢϯЦЦͬ
ǰ·ûоͷܻ߹ȥΪ·ϵķ羰ͣ
Ͳǰ˵ǲǣ 
û˵ֻ˫ɫӽӣ·
һ仨ƵģЩֱëǸЦһôң 
з羰𣿡 
Һʽ㣬ʱദϲ𣿡 
תƳһֻۣ棬ƽʱ٩ӣ
ҲЦݣĴϲ 
ϸֳϲɫ漴׷ʣģ 
٣ 
һɣ 
ʲôòһŲסɲ 
뷨ܳԾ 
Ծ̫Ծˣô뷨 
ϲ㣬ҲϲңǾ˳µһʲôóԾģ 
֪Ը󷽣ҰҺޣû뵽Ȼ
ôЦһҲ˵ȥȥģû֤ʲ
ôôȥ͵ɰ 
͵ɣŶƴҡͷȫкϷ;Ȱ
ǩ֤ȥȻǽ飬кϷݣǾ
Զһˡ 
ʲô飿Ծ֮ʢ 
ǵģ飡ѵ㲻ҽ𣿡 
⣬ʶż죿̸飬ǲ̫˵㣿 
Ŷϵۣ״ʹԼͷ㷢Ȼ̧ͷ
ѵֻҪϲңϲͿԽ𣿺ʶʲô
ϵ 
ʶ̫죬Բ˽⣬ҵ˼𣿡֣ص
û׿ˣô죿ǳʲô
ĿҶȥ 
˰ΣȻĵ૵ʵ˵Ķԣ
ʶʱȷ̣ܶ˴˵ĳɳĻ춼ܴ󣬾ǶԽ
ʶΪֻҪమ˴ϲ㹻ȴΪЩԶԶ
˵ǻǲʺϽġ 
ǺǣôͶˡοƵļ 
ǡһ׽ס֣ŵԼĦŵһ
뵽þҪֱҾͺѹ 
Ū¸жֹסƵļ򣬽§
Լʵ㲻̫ѹһһȥ
ĵַңҵһȥ㡣 
ģĻȥƾϲӵ 
˫ս̣۾ǰƺ·ƺԶ
һ޵ĵ㣬ڻشƵĻŦԼ
һȥֻΪ 
ȻΪʲô 
Ŷûûʲôƺӳлعҡ
ҡͷȻὫԼơ 
˵Ļ֮һע˽˵ȻҲͲ׷
ȥ²ĴӰóֽͱʣˢˢ±дԼĵַ͵
ȻݸĵַһǵҪҴ
绰 
ûнӹֻƳһۣȻãҼסˣ 
ͼסˣԲļǿаֽ
ڴպˣǧ˰ҪȻҲ
ˡ 
ЦҡҡͷҲȥˣ濪ʱưͷ
⿴ǰ·ĳֻͷ˿ŵĴ󿨳ƺʲ
ôľٶее֣ǵ㿴ʲôأ 
ڿǰĳܲܿǣգգ۵ 
һʱû˼ 
ָЦŶ㲻һ·
е𣿡 
ģôŲأ 
ȻȤඡ˵䣬ƵһֻĿ䡣 
ι㡭 
һ˵ȴоһ˲˵ʲô۾
һƳֻֻѩ׵ȻԼӵڿס˹
ҵĲλ 
Ŷûʲô񰡡ͷбƳϹ
ƤЦݡЦãҪ˵ȴԾķһ¸
ֻĽ⿪ĿŰڿǰԱһƣ״̬
ͱͷų 
ι֣ڿڿء 
ƵƤգգۣЦôûо죬û˻㿪
ģ 
˵գͷһͣԾ۹кסʪůĿǻ
˯ļһѸѣ֮Ŀ֫һԽҰƵ
·ϻһΣҿԿǿѸٵ״̬ûóʧء 
Ĵ󵨾ٶҪֹȻѸٹס
ϣ֪Ů˻ûù죬
ֵһεĸоΪ˷ܣϾÿ˻ٶֵһεڡ 
ͬĸоҲƵ̬Ѭƣܵһʼһڻ˵ѩ
һѸͣգۼͽԼĿǻָо
Ⱦָе·ǶԼһּ϶ 
ϸɫƬŮǵĶƾż佫
һʩչȻɬ֮УŲϵզ֮ĺ
ʼôأһֻʶĴӷƿԺ 
ŶŶ㡭㲻˵ûùۣһ
ܵı飬Ȼȴ͸һ˿ɻ 
Ƽѵ³վ̧ͷҿϵ۷ģ
ȷҵһ 
Цֻ˵츳 
ǶҵĿ佱𣿡ƵƤһЦ 
Ȼ 
Ŷлл 
һεͷסպסͷʱӺȻ͵һµ
ȵĻζøոսһͷ
Ź̧𣬾ųʻϼΪ᫲ƽĵ·ʱͷȫҪ
ȫƾӵĹ 
ˬֱ߳ǵȴʱĽȸˬȫ
ļⶼˣ鲻Խ̧ƨɣֻԺҲ֮ 
Ҳⷽ츳ֻ̼Ϊݣܿ
ΪĻ́ͷûʾ̫ĿܣɫûʲôԵ
仯 
ȻʵֻԼ֪ʱжôȵ
СòԼˮ֮͵ͦ׳·Ҫ͸Լ
Ŀǻְֱ࣬Եıռи嶼΢΢˫̲ס
λϣ˴˽һĦţĸоش
ⴽͣĦ˿˿Լ̲סˡ 
֮˴еȻǳڰ⣬һʼĻ׽
Ū֮ģ뿴ԼϲԼ׽Ū֣ŵģ
ĺǳгɾ͸УҲˣ˿
Ƕ˵òŮ˱ǲκα仯ģеҲֻ
ϵġ 
Ǵʱ˿Ʋ֪Լղŵ뷨Ƕô֪Ȼǰ
ԼգȻԼȴö٣شͬһ
խСڿѱʪȲʱĽĦϳӵĵҺ
͸ɲһϸһһսⴽ飬飬ָо
ܼˣ 
·ڹȥʻϽΪƽ̹ļ׹·õһ˿Ϣ
Ƽѵ̧ͷűԼˮȾ͹ˮ˶Բ
ͷ΢΢ſɱģɢڶߵ
һ㷢Ȼӣصϡ 
ʧȥůǻİжٽͷ΢ʧȻ漴
ȵÿƷɿȥԼף漴⿪ƨ̧ɵѵ
㡣 
ԾСѵŮҪԼ浶ǹһԼڿ
أղŵľٶѾˣǿ̫ˡ 
ţǱߵѾȫѵһɫİֱʽ֣
ͬΪɫڿ㣬ϴĻǽΪʵĵɽЬģԵе졣 
ʱעȻѾƵˣ㲻
ôɣ 
Ϊʲôأڲ롣 
ؿۣ˱ϣȻ̧һȣһַļ
Ŀ˫ϣͬʱҲڵסߡ 
Ϊ״ﲨٵסҵҿҪ
ȥˡ 
ּΣͬʱ־쳣̼ͱƹӲͦ
ʪʪԵĵط֫ŤǰĹͷԸо
һݵĵطֻǻһ㲼ϡ 
ƳԳԵЦţϴܲһֻ̽£ڿĿһһ
漴һǻһ±ĿⶼΪ֮һſ
ļͷ§ס 
ˬòһƺߣǽµǻƺʮ
һȦȦѸٲҪƵģϵ
ǻһǲʱżƵģŬ
ȥһʱǻá 
졭찡ô󣬺áüͷ壬
룬ʹࡣ 
ŶСҧңŶһιСʱ
ضҪһס̣һֻڳƷԼϵͷ
һߣ߾ͿԽļ򿴵ǰˡ 
ֻԼյķ̣ʱǼ˷еû뵽
һ򿪾ͻӿȣȻһ԰Ҷ࣬
ѾʶԼǶôǿңվҹһˮ
ɵ£ھͲһˣȻ˰಻סһèһ㲻
˵˼һڼʻӵ¾ҪֱǺţһ
ˣ 
Ӧ֮ǿס֧ӣͬʱԱ΢΢
赲סߣȻĽǵģǵұ
˵Ŷ̫ˣԭҲô񫡣 
˵䣬ƿʼĥ֫ǰƶԼ˵
ϣֱоͷ˹ǰ˲ƨɺƣ
Ͽ˵ʼǻʵ˶һ̶ûͣЪ 
һʼƵĶеû¹Ͷʮ˳ˣ
һһġ̡ˮռѹ֮˵ĽϴʪһƬ
ǸͷʣﲻסŶŶ
áˬˬУС˰ϡϵۣ̫̫ˡ 
 
ݶ״εĽкҲǿޱȣȻڻ
òעɢһ֣һעǰ·Сļʻһ
ڳָֻƵؿڣеֱһƣȻǽ
ʵͦε鷿ĴţʱǿѾͷӲһŻƵ
ͷ 
ԭԺ㷢֪ʲôʱѾɢͷǰϺ
·裬һ㷢ҧȻˣһﻹǲ
ϵĴ﷢˳ˡĲˡˡ 
ˡ죬찡Ҫ١ˡ 
㷢ɧ 
ҲԽԽ˷ܣͺţҧֻɲ̤ϵĽ
˻ڵصϣȻһֻȵ֧ͣʶͬʱ
ֻԭʹӵƵϣһƽһĴԲ
İƨϣĵžž죬ܿѩ׵ƤͨһƬ 
ôײʮ֮ȻһУˣ
 
ͬʱӾҲƨɼȣͣ鴤Σ
ȥǻӿһҺһԵĽеĹͷϡ 
ֻڵһȦȦĹס·һȪ
УëƺſˣһдӼ׵ֱС
һָо̫ϤˣĿмЮȫ 
ȻʱӺȻһ漴ֱ
ǰۿҪײǰˣһ飬ʶղһ
ҽŲɵĲţǼæͣͬʱ̣֪ʱɲܲ
ɲƷײǰ粣˦ⲻɡ 
ʹóɱŸ٣Ӷ׵ĳǰӴĳ
ǰȻɹıһ¹ʣƼ
ϵһĻϤ䵽ǰ˵۾ӳʱ
Ц͹ֽ˵һС 
ڻڸ֮߳УʶЩģղŷʲô
ֱס˳֮¶ãȻ̧ͷһ³ղ
ôˣ 
ЦӦйһ仰Сּ 
գգۣɵδɢȻûȫ˵
ʲô˼ƺҲûҪŪףķļͷ૵
֪𣿸ղҺȥˣһƬհףо̫ˣŶлл
㣬֪һŮһôҸ£ 
ˣɡƵƨɡ 
š 
ϳӦţǴЦ⣬ȻŤ֫׼
صʻλãӸһһǿҵдֱ
ȫһٶ̱ſļͷ 
찡ôôӲƵɴ۾
Ǿޱȡ 
侫ڼղһĻѹס嶯Դ
ʱԼͦƵǻʱڸ߳У
֮ղŸһ̧ƨɣӲеϹβʱֻ
ȵø۵һһɢ 
ʹһͦ𣿽ͺúιСè
䡣 
ıĿܣֻĶ챻ˣ궪ǣ
ǼΪʹƵıЩŤͬʱＸôſǻ 
𶯣УĲСܡܲˡ 
ɹЦԽͣһߣȻ˫Ƶβ
һᣬš࣡һ졣˴˽ϵڷֿһ
ﾡá
ԼСʱ֮һλ֧ɽ϶ضεʯ
ԶԶľͿһ˶ߵľդΧסդڴм
ǹʵʿڰţڲԶһ߸ߵľƲt̨
ʿֵأȻͿĳӣڴĴʹ򿪣һ
ֱʻ 
ڽ䱸ɭϣդڴװʿ⣬滹һɳ
壬ػǹߣʱɿװʿѲ
ߡ 
ʻ˴ʮӣɽ£һɳʯ̾͵ļ·ֱ
ͨɽϵĿ󶴣·ϲʱؿɳ۶Ǻ˻ͷ
 
ʱӰɽϷɱһˣԼĪʮ꣬һʵ
ͷϻһȫñǿˣֱֻܵ
ӳǰųͷĲ֪˵ʲô
ɽϴͬʱ֡ 
ܿ죬ɽ˳·ԽҰǸڵΪ
˳ţǱѾʻͣȼԽҰҲѴ򿪣
Ůūһգͬʱ¬һҲ˵һԽҰ
ϡ 
ԭӳڳ̫޷ʻ¶Ƚϴ
ɽϣֻû˼գ¬ֿϷͬˣʻ
ԽҰͲ⣬ֱӸԽҰʻɽϡ 
᫲ƽߵ·ʻ˽һӣһдʻ˰ɽ
ʱѾ·ָѾɫ԰ףʱʱ
סͣüβŻ¡ 
ȵˮˮݹȥͬʱһĴƵĺ
ָ᲻صİѹϼ 
лл˼ˮ¶ǣټİĦһ±ú࣬
һˣҲ˿ܻᱻ˿סĲӱ
ڡ 
Ǻǣ˺ˣϽ³ɣǶǱءһĨĨ
Ŀˮһ߾ʹ˳ţȥ 
˵£һ˴·ԱȥһС߹ȥ
ﴣһ¥ˮֻһţһҲû
Уݶϻмװʿ߶š 
һĵƽϸߣһȥһƬɽֲŲٿ󶴣
ǴԼ״һ󶴴Լըģڴһھ
ʯȻ˵ؿϣɽ¡ 
һ߳¬һüɫŽܣ˵Էʯ
ǹʮ󶴣ÿ󶴶зḻĲԺ
õǵĸ 
¬ĽȤ󣬵ǶߵŮūעˣ
׼ȷ˵ǶǸŮūΪȷʵע⵽ǰŮū֮⣬
ԽرעһǷģѰ
ǣüʱҪͷ 
ʵϣĺݣûһͬģ֪ƾǸ
ȲǸŮӵģͬʱɣҲͬôģҾͬ⣬
ǵҲԾˡ 
⣬ҪǣǴϰֲͼĴͻΪһ
ŮӰˣֲͼҲŹǣһˣҲ¼ֲ
ͼؼ׿˼ҵĵϣǿо˷ǵȲˣ
ԼҲȥ 
Ůūûű¶Ȥ˯һ·ˣһ
Ϯ۴ͷŹ˸ʵʵֻ¶һ۾Ůһ㡣 
ҲûлᣬֻǰŮѾģԴӳ֮ûг
ͶҲûһ£֪ﲻ
˼Ӵľ룬һ 
뽨ڣһλڶ¥һ䣬൱һ
ʮͬʱ涼ӵҲûʲô裬һ
̨һĴ⣬ݽǻһһ˶ߵľ޴䡣 
˴·ڴͳһԿףСĲףȻת
ϵһԲ̣תĥֻ֮꡹һ죬ű
ˡ 
ִƳһ䣬ȫǾƣҴӴ򿪵жϣ
ıףŵĺȸǽӽʮףټ
һ˶ߣԱعƣٹϣûĸ
׳Ņ̀ģԻõ˻Ӷ͵ߡ 
ڴϵ·ָü㣬˴һһ߼
УȻϱ䣬Сķŵм̨ϡ 
̨Ϸһյߵİ׳ƣһƬѩ
˾дʱʣһƬ貣ҶΪʯĹ⻪۷ 
ڱĭָһһСӣÿһﶼһʯ
ÿʯ󣬹ƶںüʮң󲿷ֶ͸ģҲ
ǲֺ꣬أƵɫĻһɫʯ峺
죬ǳƯ 
ЩʯǴӿֱӲڳģûоиĥȻˣ
ЩʯԵ÷ǳûһʣʾƷ֮ߣ⣬Щ
ɫ͸ʯ˵ļֵߣǿ꣬ƿϡ
 
ɣ˶ʶ֮ˣէȻôƷ֮ߵʯ̾Ϊֹ
ĿתһʱƣŮʯϲ
ĻǷ·𶼱Щʯȥ֮۾ϴһͣ
һɵɵģ 
ôҵѣЩʯƷʻ𣿡һ
ʯɣǰ˻Ρ 
ɣһæعﰵԼ̫ʧ̬ˣһߵԼһ
һֺܵȻţȥǲ֪𾴵
ۣ 
ҲǳںˣҲͲôƽˣɣЩ
ʯɫСͳͳÿʮԪպһٿţò
ϲǵǧԪô 
ɣᰵһ£ЩʯÿŶڶʮϣƷҲû˵
Ҫ˵ÿֵʮԪҲףǼŲ꣬ÿżֵԲֹʮ
򣬲˵ĳ˵ôҲҪһ¼ۣǺǺһЦ
£ЩʯȻƷʶϳˣδӹûоӹ
üǮģǽЩʯºҪⷽרҴĥ
ⷽķǲƵģҾĥ֮ÿʯҲʧ
֮һϣԡ 
üͷһ£Աߵ¬״̱ʾˣ
ҵѣҪƽѾƷõʯˣ
㻹ҪּۻۣⲻѵΪ 
ɣʼ𾴵ĳϸ£ʵҲΪϰ
Ҫϰ帺˵ǲǣ 
һӣԿ˵ȥƷù 
˹Ӧһ㷵صչǰ򿪺ֳһ
Уŵ̨УķʯЩʯĿ
ͷԱǰǺʯҪСֻʮңӺʮ
ʯŵ֮ǰǸ棬ȻӦÿ˰ɣ 
ɣһ£ʮʯȻСʮһԪӦҲ
еģټ֮ǰЩʯֵԲֹǧԪˣּۻۿʿ
ֹټȥܻˣʱӾͶÿˣ
ЦУʩһ𾴵£ллĿ 
ɫһЩϰӦøеܽȥ
ϰ壬һʱһҪĻϣܹĸ
 
ɣҲˣ֮Դ
ǿʯĹģԼľʵ
µòĻһûֽ֧Ҫɣǿ
Լ˹ģʯȻһʱûֽ֧һʯ
͵ͬӵһҡǮõĸ 
㣬ɣȻҲҪӦЦһὫ
µĻϰ壬⣬һὫһһϰ塣 
ֳһ˿Ц⣬ߵɣǰļѣ
Ǹˣϲʹ˺ 
ɣǺһЦʱһڵǾͻȥɣΪ
С 
л£ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
һлصڵƬʱɫѽƻ裬½ʻǰ
Ժһδӳ϶£ʱһβƷܼģĺ˴ӹ
ڴҴҶֱߵ³ǰСĲ֪˵ʲô
ɫȻеԾĿֱͶԱߵ¬ࡣ 
ôˣʲôˣ¬Լʶ¿
ԼйأæǰСѯʡ 
ǸܼһŬ죬ʾ˵ǹܼһ⣬ҪڣǰȻ
һԴɳƵŮŶλ̹ɣˣ 
ѭȥֻڹǰ̨վһŮǺˣǶ
һװƷͷññǶл£϶Ҫα־
ʾĳӣĳطװ 
˿˵ñպͼ£ֻЩ죬Կ϶Ǵ
ĳҵı׼װƷĸңһʱû
ʱȻƳ¬Ůɫ䣬·Ǽ
ʲôΪµˣһľ֡ 
ΣʱȻˣñϵĻͼ
ǵĹգȻǵˣʮа˾
Ϊ¬Ůڡ 
Ԥϣֻ̨ףȻ˵Ƕ
Ƕ 
£ǣŮٺʩ 
ǲ֪λѻǵˣ 
ŮЦˣЦζȻѣǵĿУ
ʺء 
ʱЦҲӢ۵ĿУ
ʺá 
޹ֺ˸߲ңҪ֪ڷ޵֮ȫ
һССܱģҴ˸ҺϴԣֵļΪ
ѱʹô󲿷ַ˶ΪӢҲ⣬һ
ȻԼʺãܲеΪĸ˺͵⣿ 
ǣҲֵļΪĿƱʺֵ֮
ȻѣǲӦվ˵룬λ뵽̸ 
ɣ֮һϾ˼пˣһ
ˣЩ˿϶²Լһ˶ȥ
Ȼ¬ȴһƣҲͲþܾˣֻø
һ˹ 
˰źλֱ̨ϵǸר
λһұһţǾһţ¬
Ųֱ̊վߡ 
۾һֱûзɶŮͶŵעӣ
˵ԽԽԵòӺе΢΢۾
໥ţڽʲô 
һŮٱ𾴵£
һ£ҽи櫣貨ŮӾѧԺһ̹٣λǱ
Уһλ貨ŮӾѧԺϵ١ 
λи櫵Ľ̹ٽǸУĹ
󣬵λߣǸϵΣԼеΪ
ǣΪѧԺĽ̹٣ȴǷǳᣬĿ಻
ʮ꣬ĻòǷǳڣʱһ
װǻһʱװֱӾͿϣ̨ˡ 
˵ƯĺŮˣĿȻ
϶යƬַ̣Ůʵױ 
֮ڲŷ֣ΪŮױķǳȫ
ЩŨױĨļŮܱģէһϺûлױϸ
֮¾ͻᷢüëǾΣŨϸȴң仡ѿ֮
ͿŵӰ΢΢ԳһĨ̺죬촽ʺ͸û
лױǲЧ 
ٿλϵΣ߽һ׾Ŷ࣬࣬ʮ׳˶
һʵľװǽĳ̶ȾͿĳ·ļ
ôķ 
ǿγԱȵǱУΰСݣ
ҲʮˣԴʱ˾һ
Ǵ˵۾һ֮һּΪĸо 
櫽ϺҲûӣֱӵλԶ϶
Ҫ£˵ɣʲô£ 
ʱվ£Ҫ˵ġ 
ҪˣҪʲôˣԵΪԾ 
ѹߡ 
ѹߣӳԾˣ漴һЦλǲŪˣ
ôǵѹأ˵⣬ת׶ߵ¬
˵˵ǲǣ 
ȿȡ¬ЩΣʵϣԴӵ֪
Ǿ˺Ͳµʮа˾ΪԼŮڣ
ΪԼʱǵıҲ֪˶ԿȨ
ǷһЩ£Ǳӳңշת̹ɣϡ 
ڻԵɺϣͶ¬࣬ʶΪ
ıڣں˵ݺ;̹ɣϺɽˮԶ
ϾǱͨģΪ˲Ҫ鷳¬ಢû
λŮڵݣ˵ҲǸʣϾ
СǲмڹĵģԶ˵Ǻ졣 
Ȼ¬һʱʱһ㶣漴೤ϣ
ô£ 
ʵ¬֧֧Ҳ֪νͣ 
Ȼ೤ϲ˵Ǿ˵ɡҪҵ
ѹ߾档 
ȵİĿͶ¬ͶţֻŮ˱
Ȼиǳ˾ſ־壬һ¾ȷ˵Ļ 
ʱֻ櫴ߵİóһļʮ
꣬貨ŮӾѧԺŶҵţʮ꣬ͬһ
ҵ˶˱ҵ󲻷ϼţŷͣ䣬
֤֤ıң䲻죬챻Ҿ²Ŵ
·Ժ·ϱǳûߣһʮˣ˺һֱҹͨ
С 
˵꣬櫺ļʩ𾴵£
Ļϣϣܰǣҹлġ 
ȻΪλµŮڶǷ棬
Ȼڲ飬ȻӸ档˵գת¬
˵೤ϣ˽ǡ 
µˣ¬ҲֻȻʱȻ̨µ˱
Щԣû׹ôһʱ͸оԴһһӲ
嶥Ŵ𶯣ұ𶯣˭Ҿʹ
 
¬ǻعʱŵöͷð亹۽
һ£ֲԼҲͬЮˣһںڵǹܶ
ϡ 
ͻı仯˽ǴһǱЩӶ
ֻڲ˹ָ£ʿӿ˵ν̨ϵͶ
ŰΧʮ֧ǹڶ׼ 
˺˺󣬲ȻɱǹܺݺݵĶ̫
ѨϣһסĲӴ󺰡 
黹ֻΪ̫ѨӲǹܶЩʹʹ
üͷ壬ͬʱҲΪյе沿Ť
Щû¬ŵû겻壬ȽŴ෴Ե൱
ôͲĳͷ𣿡 
ԭڷ޲У֮Ķͣΰ
־Ѿÿһ˵УȻôᱩ
޵ͳε񶼲ᷴҪעľǷֹ
̲ͬ 
ֲ̹ɣϵΪʲôҪͷңͺȵ 
òźϻһߵĶЩͣȻʹӲ
ǳǿԼʮ֧ڶǹڣѹҲǾ޴ģ
ֻһ档 
ʱҲعζʱԼһаٺһ
̲ٺ˵ûõĻǴȵҰǹ£ˣ
ˡ 
ʿ㿴ңҿ㣬󶼽ĿͶǵͷ첮˹Ȼ
ڵȴʱ˹Ҳһʱò⣬Ǿֻ
ĿЮֶߣš 
ڲ˹ԥ֮ʱȴѸٽǹڶ׼¬Ľ£
۶˰ֻ项һǹ죬̵˿޵̺һ󶴣
̺Ӳʯӵɽðǡ 
¬ŵ۴УӶɸ˺󡭡 
ǹ¡ 
û취˹ֻܰһӵǹ£˺˺󡭡 
ʿ׷׽еģͣͻǹͱڴϵǹŵϣȻ
˫ˣʱŽǹڶ׼ǼǾԼһ
ǣɢ 
֪ЩûǹģΪ˼ǲǹģ
ȻҪǷǹֻɢøԼڳһ㹻ĵ 
ܿɣҲ˹ˣ
Ǿ㿴ңҿ㣬˴ɫǳѿ漴溮ͺȣ
ţӲģȰǻǱνֿ 
ЦһǲνֿҲ֪֪ǣڿ
һǹ㣬Ųţ˵ţѱ׼¬Դǹڶ׼˱
棬Űʳָƺһһ 
ſݵĺüѿʱԱߵ͸櫸Ͻ
һµ½ǣʾڲƴӲʱ򣬱ص
Լĺڶǹڣϱòȥ 
źֱЮ¬̨ףȥ
˱˴˱űÿһߵ쳣Сĺ;裬һä
ˣʾΪְҵ˵ 
ܲܳ־ɣվС 
һ΢ѹصϰ壬ºûϵ
Ѿ꣬ûҪô 
ôûҪҪ֪ǵĴͻǲʧ
һǾһмģԺ
ô 
20 
    ɣ֮ԻȻΪ൱ģ
֪ϾûǹзɵʹĹɣǾķڷģ
ֶŮڶĳĿͰܵ龰ǰһʹɵ
һƵУѴ֮˸ 
    ȻʱֻһˣˣһְҵˣѶ
ȻǴ˲٣ɣСѯܾܲȣش𲢲ܲ
ȶΪʲôʱ֪аվȵģæ˵˳ 
    ʱǱߵͶЮֺ¬Ѿ߳ſˣ
ľԽԽԶɣϽһʾ֡ 
    һƣͶȻűһж
۵ףǵעҪǼЩӶǵϣ
Լǽٹ˼ҲԼɣСĽ̸ûбǷֵԭ
һûʲôˣҪһ˦ѷɵͬʱ
˲Уͻһݡ 
    ˵ֿͬʱ˦ɵʾͲ絥ô׼
ˣǰ˵аͬʱƷͶţǰǾҪ 
    λýΪĲǰˣ
˹ȥͬʱ·ѷɵ 
    ʱͶЮѾߵ˵ſڣֻҪ̨ף
ϼǾͱԵͣһʱѵĿ
Ծʹˡ 
    Ͷű˴˶һۣԴӶԷ۾￴ϣ⣬
ȻʱͻȻһУ漴⡱һеǹ
ڵءͬʱҲе򴦴һʹ첲סһ
Ŭסеǹ 
    һĻڵʯ䣬˸Ӧ׷ʲô
ְҵ˾ְҵˣ䷴Ӧ֮ҲǲСһʱ䣬
Ůھͻع֪Լ͵Ϯˣ̲ȡʩ 
    ŵϲһСذףûд͸ʹ
ҲʹòסǹˣǱذм򣬶磬ʹ
첲ƾǿסǹҧҪ۶ 
    ʵϣ֪Լ͵Ϯɹ˲֮ǵĵױһ
֪ԼǲܴΧӳȥˣһᣬ˴˶
⣬ҲҪһġ 
    վһģû۶㰤һʱ
ֱ۶ľˣ˵۶ˣǹﶼûоֱʱ
͵ϮԼ˾ԼһֱעǸƤйˡ 
    ڷɵֵͬʱҲһԾݵһֻԱ
ҪΪﻹǹֻʳָƺ
⴦һ£漴ץסĸ첲Լһ
Ю֣ײײĶ㵽 
    ǱߵĶŷһŭ𣬷ſԭս¬ಱֻ֣ץס
ذ׵İѱ˳Ȼ󲻹˿ڴѪȪӿݺݵĳ¬
ĺȥ 
    һжѸݶͻȻ¬ͷӦڶ
еǹˣսӵҲɿˣվǲܲ
ǰźذ׳ʱŵûɢȫ˫ȡ 
    ¬ҪѪ֮ʱȻоϥ䴦ʲôɨУʱϥ
һ˱ڵأʱ̹ذ׼ͷƤ 
    һУŷһתذٶ´ȥʱѾûлˣ
һֱֻ۸ϣֹ´̵ĶҸ
ķӶһΣ϶ڵص¬
ͱߣ׷ȥʱڶǹѾ׼Դ 
    ֵ¬̿νˮһǳɣʱ
ֻж̶̼빤˼Ӧֻв˹Ƿ
ӦѸݣָʿǹ¬ʱʱӭȥ
ǹͣ׷϶ĶţͬʱһߵҲǹʿ
ڵϡ 
    ֱʱ˲½ع񣬶Ҳ̱ڵص¬
ǱߵɣҲʧʱķסʺ򣺡û
°ɣ 
    ʱϻָ˳̬ƿɣ֣ʾⲻҪ˷
ֱߵǰſ˫۾ͱסͬʱл㣬ҵѣ
ᱣģ 
    ˵գҲʲôʾϸһ£
㵽Ϊֹ֮ϸһʪ
ӡ˿ļȾ־еġ 
    ʱҲǿѹŶķϵζʵ̫Ũˣ
ټĿڳԼˮڿлӷɢζŻ¡ 
    ĹģҲ֪˱ʾߣܵڣ
һ˻ܲʱѾһµ¬ҲҪվ
ʩͬڣϽסʾҪ
Ϣ˶ 
    ң¬ȷŵǹǺֱ˫Ȼڷھδ
״̬֮УվҲվֻĽ顣 
    ӵ֮ⲽͶŸǰʱ
˫ֱӱסŹڵϣ߸ʿסǵļ 
    ǵ֪ΪΥּ⣬ؽԳͷƳ
ȴ͸һŨŨɱ 
    Ͷ˶ԴǻδţʵǶ˵ʲôǸû⣬
Ϊ֪Լ޻ĻᣬǸһ˵ʲôԼ³һ
֣ǾȻǲģ뵱ǾڣԵ
Χ׷½أɾǶоյӳˣڵʱ˵
νõĶ࣬Ȼȴ﷭˴ôһȥǿ׳йСŪ
ʧֱܣǼȺֻڣγѪ 
    ڽӻʱ¬ɣԼڱʱйС
ӲûгͶžΪ˲һʲôԲ
ģ޷صĺں֮Ҳ֮ǣ
ĶгԹ 
    ȴǺ⣬Ҳû˿Ϊһ
ؾǳ˱ǿʳǲķ򣬸οԼܹ
ģʲôʲôֻϰġ 
    ˣȽȥ¬ 
    ˹֣ҵʿѸٽ
˵⡣ 
    ʱѾص̨ϵλȻ˵λ
ԶѣҪѾΥּ⣬
ҪΪܵͷǲܽˡ 
    櫺棬ȻΪֻ˵ͷΪ˼
һ±𾴵£γͷˣ 
    λȤ²ιһ±֪֪Ͷ
һĻҲͲҪѺͻعˣֻ
ĻʼղܷȻô˵Ȼһˣ
ͷӦʡ 
    أҲ²ιһôתһз
롣 
    ԴˣνƾʮȤˣҪ֪޵Ŀľ
̽棬˽ףʮֵ֪γͷ
Ůڣקһ䣬Ǿɣ
ã 
    νϰİɡֵ̯ 
    ɣȤͲˣȥô뿴
ǵֺϵһ㣬ټϴ˴ѺѾԲɣය
Ҳ£ǵͷðɣȻʢС
ȤǾٶ죬ҲֵǶЪա 
    Ŷ̫ˣɣһˣԵúǸˡ 
    ˣŶǵһ˵ҡɣһ¾͹
Ц 
    ʱ̨ϵҲЦǾˣ
λеˣȥϢһɣλ˵գ
ŮūĲ˺Сš 
    һ뿪Ҳȥǽ
һȥϢĵطھʱΪ׵ı
ͣסŲ´һ¶һ˿Цݵˣɵò 
    οݣصͷûʲôøУԶⷬҲ
ûʲôĻӦֻһЦÿɷ 
    ״ҲͲټ˵ȥ˦˦߿ĸ櫽
ǰҲ΢ͣ˽ŲԳһЦȥһʮ
ۣȻҲŤζȥ 
    Ŷ찡ڹ㡣Ʋһ䡣 
    һ˿ζȻʧЦεҡҡͷ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    ۣⷿӺƯ 
    ˷ܵڿָĿһ̧ͷݻˮ
ƣһһƨڸ߼Ƥɳϣʹ˵ߣǺ¥Ǹ
ν԰ѣʲôе̾档 
    ־Ѿһʼ̬ˣȫ
ΪϢĵطԭľƵʽԢ¥ڵĶ
ĴһеϴɣᶼûУƺѾǹ
˹ϵˣҲסⶰ 
    ۣﻹӾءƴϢƿĲʱ
ǰ峺׵ӾɻĽ˳ֱ̫ϲˣҪ֪
Щ˵ӾˣúݸĻᶼࡣ 
    һˮһҲȴˣԼ·ѵ
ɸɾȻһͷӾأһˮǱεԹŸˮ档 
    Ŷ̫ˣҲ̫ˣƻֱ۵ 
    ЦҡҡͷתӾرϵɳ̲ϣԱߵС輸
ںúƣ֭ȼƷԼ߽ˮһߺһȤĿŻ
Ӿȥ 
    òϣȣǰ˷϶˵ۣѩ׵
ˮΪʯһ㣬Ө͸Ĺʣ
˺ˣ¾ûӾЧˡ 
    һ˺üأλصرߣ˫ſڳЦӯӯ
ĲһȦ 
    ǺǣˣҲһܰٱһںЦ 
    в¶ϲ漴ŲڳصףֱǰһԱͦ
鷿¶ˮ棬˦˦ʪ㷢Ц𣿡 
    ΢Цŵͷҧؿۣʮһ㷢ͽ
𣿡 
    ǳˣﲻһ漴žƱ
ߵرߣƻ˻ξƱȻ㲻ȰѶ
Ҫ𣿡 
    Ŷ˵Ķԣҡһ仰û˵꣬
ЦǼʱ˵ҪͲ͹ˣˣȥţ
ɡ 
    Ŵʱ΢ȣſվĲͲ͵Ӷˣ
ӳ˹ֻޱȥһˡ 
    Ŷڣ 
    ǵģ߰ɡ 
    ȵһ¡˵գϷţʱԡƿ첽߳
ô£ 
    ˵Ҫңȥһ˵һһ· 
    һת϶ҪʲôšӦ
ʯŶ찡ҪʯĻǿ̫ˡ 
    Цҡҡͷ㵹ˣҹȥ 
    ţҵ˵ţżһ¡ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    ܵĴϣҲûпƣֻѪϦ͸ɫɴ
һ⣬Եû谵ʣȴҲӳӰһС
ݣɳڵס壬ͷ­ζ޷Ӱ
жϳһˣһſɳ£ɢķ
鲻ʱĻεš 
    У˵ǻͶŴ𣿡˵Ǹ櫣λ
ŮӾѧԺŮ̹ٴʱһ潼ƵĵͼĹɳǰһ
˿ң˫ֺһڵǸУ 
    һŪŻǰ״̬һ׿ſɳ۾
ƱշǱյı棬ϰ·ģӵ򱻽⿪ͬ
ڿʵϥ䡣 
    Ӧûʵģһķǳң
۾ 
    ŶУ㻹ʲôˣʱƬǾ
񡣡 
    һղ˲ǰȻںɫĹͷ
һڡ 
    ҲڵһˡС۾
һ˿Ĺâ 
    櫲һ漴ֱ˭ 
    㻹ǵǸһֱйСߵİŮ𣿡 
    ǵãòôˣ 
    ûжϴӦһλˡ 
    ŶУô֪ 
    ȻһЦдô꽻һеģ
ǸŮ˵ӢȻܴǴһϷݵһЩ 
    ˼ĵͷУжϣ˼ǣ 
    Ҳ֪ں˵ĹϵܽţŮŪ֣
ܲ£°ͣɫ 
    ǺԣǸŮǸйСӵˣйСڿ
ĹҪŪֿ¡櫹ǵ 
    ˵ûҲһֱ˼⡣һᣬ漴
һתЦУȱЩˣŮˣūҪ
ο塣 
    ˵꣬櫵ͷǸĺɫֻסͷ
Ȼǻֱߵնе΢΢ݲһ룬Ա
ʩĽ¸С 
    ԣ櫵Լ൱ĸ߳ҲϤǰˣ֪
ȡֻһһḧ壬ڵú
Ƶңָʱ£ֱһȦȦëй١ 
    ۾ֳʵı飬ȻǸȴûԳ
̫ɫɰӲڸɺ촽ʱʱ֣ʪ
 
    ҵˣռŮͰɣݺݵռС 
    ³һ߽ŰнŪһ
˿ 
    ۾Ȼ΢΢¶һ˿Цݣָ̧˹
漴Цֱ˫סǰһԷ 
    Ǹݵ֣һڸ櫵飬ɿݵָȫ
ںɫɼ֮󣬽ţڸݵ±ó
״ǿԲһͷɱƽ״Ȼקס
ֱͷɿ֡ 
    ͷ΢΢۾ҧ촽ʹ
õ 
    һӣȥǱſáС۾﷢˷ܵĹâ 
    ¶˵Цݣ촽ת֫ŵǰ
ѵϥĳڿ㣬ôɳվ
ų㣬ץסƤһ飬һ׶೤ɫƤͱ 
    û˿ʱ䣬˦Ƥһ죬Ƥ
ʵʵڸ櫹ĺϣֻһʹ
ܵǰӣ﷢ʹƺߣ 
    ˵ӣҪͷ㣬ݺݵسͷ㡭ڽ
״̬ԼſƤԵеŤ 
    ңӡ櫻˻ƵĽкš 
    һƤһƤĳڸ櫵ĺϣһᣬݺύĳ
ۼ㲼ĺ󱳣ЩطѪ˿Ҳнк˿޺
ʹ鴤 
    ȻͬԵ壬űÿһ£мһѹȾ͸
ų鴤һ£漴һҺܿѳһƬˣ
һ˿ 
21 
תӣеصɳϣƤֲۣ
ľžž֮ 
ţЩתʱǸԭһֱ
֪ʲôʱѾͦϸߣ͹ƽεĹͷͬ
š 
㣡 
һȵͬʱ˦һƤƤӹ櫵ĺ󱳴
˫֮ʱһҽУȾҵĲţһ
ɫҺĿ˳ʧˣ 
شСĸǷᣬ 
˷ܵĴŴһץס櫵ͷӲĽק
Լȼ䣬Ȼͬʱһָֻ˺
۵ĺ󱳡 
櫲ҵʹľţܿһεĽ
͹ˮʱʼһĽУͬڸղŵİ
ʱִִ󣬶ʹȻ˻޷һ
ȫ룬Σֻ̧ۿĿű棬ǰ 
ûõӣ̣̣ 
˷̵ֲܶĹâٶȻƤһһµĳ
ڸ櫵ĺϣÿһͲɵǰһ㣬Ӷ
ĸˬñֽҲıŰƤĸ
ÿһγ򶼴һ˿Ʒ֮Ҳپĺ󱳣ֱۣ˫Σ
ȣÿһƤС 
棬һʹ࣬Ȼȴ˷ܣ˫۾͸
ŵ񣬷·ǳڱʩԼıŰ԰Ρ 
Ŷ٣һ㡭ӣ졭 
ʼڴڵĴŴ櫸оʼ
ͣǰεĹͷͷۻʧ񣬼ҪϢˡ 
ڴʱлһƿ֮ͷʱһ
ûüʲôӦƤݺݵóϣɻһ
ɾʹʺϴ漴۷ף鲻ԽҺȻ
ȴסֻǵ͵͵ 
ͬʱݺݵһͦ͵һͻƷҺĺ
漴һҺ籡һɣɣɡһβ©Ϥ
櫵ʳ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
˺۵壬ƣĻصԼķ䣬հŹϣֻ
ë׵Ĵ׳ֱ۾ʹӺ潫סˣһֲںʵ촽ӡ
Ķ 
һ漴ĸоԼϤζ
ĸ˭һɣ̱˵Ļ 
ͷŪˣһ˵һ߾˸ϵ
ף¶ֵϰ 
櫷èߣʱ˲ɾŶôͷ
ôݣ 
Σ˽ͷˣ᲻֪Ϊʲôôݣ
Ŀ̧ḧʵؼüĿ֮֡ 
 
룬ȴǲö֪Ϊĸ֣ȷ˽ͷӣ
֪Ⱥãϲ޴ŮˣŮʹధŮԽʹԽ˷ܣ
Խ׵õ֪߳ľĸŮ 
ȻˣͷҲǺ޷ִ磬Դ櫣ÿһ
ʱҪ޴ĥôصѾ൱ʱûп
ˣҲΪ櫺ϵ˺Ÿ⾪ 
ͷӿǸŮˡŤŤӣһν
ǰˡ 
һ㶵ŮˣĸŮˣ 
ǸйСߵİ椡 
ŶͷӿˣΪʲô 
Եе㾪ȣ֪ͷȻϲŮǸŮҲȷ
òڼŮռΪУοǸйСӾ
ĹȾָһպܴ顣 
˵ԵɣŻȻ򣬵ǲǵͷ
뷨Ǻãôʵʩأɲǵĵ̰ 
ŶУ㲻ܲʱ𣿡
ȴ˼ʵĿ 
¶Цݣ˫ִӱסǰֻķ
飬ʳָͷôͷôû𣿡 
Ŷ𡭡ˡͷֻҵ졭 
͵ŤӣȻһתӣֺֻҵ
ӸţһǱľͱ£櫵Ĵ
ӡͷ꣬һ·£Ҳ֮£ֱ
ǰ 
졭ҪļͲҡ 
櫼͵Ľ⿪һѰ㼰ڿ㣬ʱһ
ϸ˶٣ʮֵĺɫλƵĳǰ
۾Ź⣬ѪҰ޿˷ܣֽ߬ɫţ
ǰߣ˼±վתȥȻ߸ߵƨɡ 
٣ɧ 
Ҳĺ΢٣Ѹ櫵Ʒȹһᣬ䣬ֻ
治һʴƨɲݺύĳ˺ۣμǹ͹
ʺͣʪܵǸմˮ̳һ㡣 
ҡ 
˵Ľţֽ߬סɫһֻ̽Լ£
ָֿʪܵȻҪ룬Ȼɫǰ
ĹͷʵЩ󣬸շŽͷ͸оԼѨ·Ҫˣ
˺ѵʹֱüͷȴ˷ܵĹâʪĸ 
櫵ϲãŮ˲ǿңһϲŰҲ
ͷϲԭҪ֪ԭֻһСģأ沢
ñϲͨһнӣν̹٣רŽ̾УŮ
ѧԱ罻ǣ˵ˣһʻ 
٣ӣ 
ҧгݵ˵ţһͦʮֳȫ룬
櫲һУֱһҺǻ㼷ѹ
ֱ˳ĴȸһƬʪȻһһεڵϡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
̫ûڻԭľͷҹɫѸϮһƬڰ
֮УҰ޵໽пʼڲԭϿջص֮ 
֮γԱȵڵأһƬƻԻͣǵ
ڵĴյˮ뿪յһƬѩ硣 
˹쵽ſھ˿ˣʱһӶ˰˹
˳Ż¥˶¥Ȼ߹һһԼʮף
׵ӾأӾرϵŵֻǣϰֻ
ԡһ̿㣬߷ֱỤ̊Ը
ߴȺ͸첲 
ЦŶѣӭӭ 
˵䣬ʹվŮ漴˺һֵͷ
һԣʱһЦ֪½ҹʲô𣿡 
˱úúл㣬ԱĹЪ
Ϣ 
ȻʧЦʱԱǸӶǰ͵ֻ
Ŀ˲ſĴǲ䣬ܱ빬Ъ
Ϣһǿϵ 
ŶΪ˸еǳҡ 
漴Ӧ֪ȻǾܾ϶ǲʱ˵ģҲ˯һ
ѣ˯˯ûҪΪ֦ڣˬӦ 
ԵúܸˣָǼֶŮ͵ҵѣ
⼸̹ɣƯŮˣϲһ 
лµĺ⣬ͲҪˡ 
лǲ˼Ҳǹߣ⼸ν̹
ɣƯŮʵǹȤȻǼ඼ȥ
ǳᣬƤʵǹڣҲ̹ɣϵشɳĮشԵʣ
뿲ĪɣƬȻͬˣĪɣһƬ˵Ƥձ̹ɣ
һشҪ٣غɫǰŮǾʵʵ
ɫ 
ŶѶ̹ɣϵŮ˲̫Ȥ 
ЦҲΪ⡣ 
ЦЦÿɷǸӶ˸ƵȻǾֱ
ӴĿȥϢɡ 
ǣ 
Ӷ˹Ĺ˹ת˸롹ƣͷ
Ӷ߹ȥ˽ӾغһСţһ۵ȣֲϼ
̨ףӶ˰쵽һȻ˫ǰͣ
Ȼ룬ʱʲôҪܷԸ 
ͷ룬ǸӶ漴ϣһ伫Ϊ
ķ䣬һǳʸʽṹɨһܣԶһ̨
Ĺϰ˸ƣʿɣʫľͩȵȣ¶ϲɫ
첽߹ȥԼһʫȻɳеƷζ 
ԵʱȻ΢΢춯¥ݵĽŲ
ʱһû뵽ⷿﻹˣæתͷǰһĻһ
̶Ŵ͡ 
¥ϵʽ¥ݻһˣһʼǴһ˫
żϸɫ߸ЬĽţ޳ǳɫ˿ȣһ
Ĩɫȹɢ˻ûȫУһ
ֲʧԸеϢȴȻ 
˿£Ҳڿӣһλĸ̬
Ůӣһ˫ɫ߸ߵıֱͦУ
Ƭʺ촽˸˵Ĺһͷɫͷ߸ͷ
ֻһ㷢ӶǰббĴԣԵ÷次 
ŮһɫĨҷسȹȹǰ̺󳤣ȹβڵһ
׳ǰȻȺҪ̣Ҳǹ˽ףȹӵпһ
棬ʹŮڿ֮ǹ˿Ĵʱʱ֣Ļ֮Ȼ 
ǰֲʧԸеİŮӣﲻеҡ
Ŀ߶תȻǰŮʶ·
Լ˼ˣŮǰߵǸ
ŮūȻʱ棬˫۾ǲϴġ 
ʱŮѾ¥ݣߵĸǰȻ̬欣
Ͷ͸Ź˵Ȼ󣬵һ˫ɫȥЩȻ޹⣬ϵЦ
Ҳ͸һ˿ 
㡭 
ѯŮΪʲôʱֻ𾴵
һ¼̵Ľܣҽݿϣ֮
Զκ¡ 
Ŷ𣿡 
΢֮Ȼǹ˼Լ
ϲǺˣһŮԼˣҪ֪Ů
ϡȱԴԼǵˡ 
ǵģݿϣİŮеľȻӦ 
ݿϣϵ鿴֮ǰͶƵǸ
ͻȻӢˣ 
ݿϣ΢΢һһֱһ˿仯ȴԵе
ɣƺںʲô״Ӣ֪öҲ֪
Ҹղ˵û 
šݿϣһ 
ЦЦָָԱߵɳվˣ°ɡ 
ݿϣЩĿɳϣע⵽
µʱһֻĴĨֹΪţҪֶ֪
Ϊ˷ֹ߹⣬ҲΪ˱ݣղ¥ʱ򣬻⸱Ŵ
磬ԴջȻʾĨȹӵĶʶΪ
򵥵ĶҲܹǳõѵ 
Ůһ˿棬ĿⲻѲ
Ҳ˵ݿϣЩŤһӣ׾һ˿Σ
ҧҪΪʲô𣿡 
漴ݿϣǶԼıᣬ΢Цҡҡͷ
ȥ̨ǱߣһľͩȻصɳԣݿϣĿ
аѾƵݸ 
лллݿϣЩʧȻû뵽˱
񣬳ʿȡ 
Ǻǣ£Ҳǿκ顣صɳϣ
ݿϣٱЦ 
ԸԸΪ 
ݿϣ״εıţȴ͸ЦЦ
û´ĻǲҵѣŶҲߵǸ˹
ʲô 
ңûݿϣɫ䣬æҡͷϡ 
ЦȻҡֵţ̸ֻ֪
е֪һҿ㱣֤⣬˵ʲô 
ҡݿϣţԥıֱʱҶ 
һھƵðɣ㻹ǲ˵ˣ˵Ͳ˵ɣ
ǿ㡣 
ǡҡǸ˹𣿡·˺ܴ
ľģݿϣڿˣֻͣ±Ƶġ 
ǵģһߣҵ־ġ 
ݿϣ۾һ૵ҵ־ 
ͷҪ˵ȴݿϣȻվǰһȻͨһ
ĸǰһԾ㡭Ǹʲô 
㣬㣬Ⱦҡݿϣ鼤۾
ˮ 
л˵ݿϣ𣬰Լ¡ 
ݿϣ˫棬һƺлѹʹ࣬
һ˿˿ϣͳͳйˣԴˣ²ɰ̾˿ʵ
˹Ҳܲ³һ޷ǾǱ˷ӼŹ
ģһ˷ǧ˷ޣһŮū
ȫóǶôң 
ʱеڸղŶ죬ԣݿϣĹԼ
ƾطȻǲܵģ뵽⣬һ
ݿϣҷǳͬ Ҫףô࣬ƾ
ҺҵǸûǸģԡŶ֪
֪ҲҪֱӾ뿪⣬㣬Ǹѣ
ǰҴϢҵˡݿϣеĽ͵ 
ԭǵȻû⣡һӦʡ 
ģ̫ˣлл㣬лл㣬ҡ̫ˡݿϣ
״ΣЩʧ̬һѱס 
ŷ䴫㣬ͷһ˵ʵڵģ
ȻһɫˣҲ൱Ŀǰݿϣȷе
޲Ϊ֮ЩĶرȹµǽһĴȣɫ˿
ôջ̲סһָĳ嶯 
֪ԼҪȥһҪݿϣܾ
ҪôԼʲôˣҪ֪ƽʱ޵ľǿ˼ұ
ѾܿˣôΥ˼ұ飿ҪôǺ
޵ʲô񣬰οһݿϣĺ
ȻƿһǺǣлһһ㣬㻹ȸô
Ϣļˣ 
Ŷǣǣõġݿϣͷһ߲һ˼
ƽ 
ݿϣ϶˵Ļ֪
ְҵ־һ߲Ա˹Ҹϵ
绰 
ѹҵ־ļߺ˼ԭҲ
⹤ģͷƣϲʶ˹ϼ쵼
а 
Щˣ϶Ϊҡᵽ裬ݿϣ̲ס
档 
ǡϢ裬ܡ
 
˼ԣΪƾݿϣ
ܾȳԶ֮Ů 
ݿϣҲ˼ûԳɥйı飬Ĩ
ҵϢͳˣһа취ҵġ 
ţǺãһҵѰϢġ 
оݿϣЩģ򲻻ôƶһ
а취û˵ְǸʲôģԲµóҲ൱
λˣôԼŮ˷أ
еɻ󣬲˼ҺԲϸ˵ԼļͥҲ׷ʡ 
ллллݿϣһͬʱһҪ
 
һѷסȻ㲻ģֻҾĸײһ
ǵĻϾǷֿôʱ䣬˵ΪѾȻΪ
ֻǵĶ硣 
ݿϣһ㶣漴⻰еԼʧٵ˿϶ҲѰ
ԼˣӦҲвṩпҵԼѰδ
ʧ֮²ѾľˣէȻ˵ҵԼ֮
ķ޵һС䣬˼пǲŵġ 
㡭˵Ķԡ⡭ô졭ݿϣһ³ȵף
ǵ㼤ϲõʱɢ١ 
һµûʲôĶһ۾
ϳ 
ûûСһ·ġݿϣּ־ 
⡭ΪѵҼ㣬
ҵĻ 
ȷʵңȷʵҡ 
ݿϣȻ۾һҲֱ仯֪
취ˣͶȥѯʵֻɳŲƣתĸ
ǰ 
е㲻ԵĿݿϣ֪ҪʲôʱݿϣЦ
Ц漴˫쵽Լ󣬴ַʱһֱؿ
ȹɢˣԭ쵽ȹӺĴ򿪣
ɫĨسȹҲ֮ɢزͦȹӲ
ûȫ£ɿĹؿڣ鷿¶˳ɫ
ζ¶Ȧ⡣ 
22 
ЩȣûгûֹΪ֪ݿϣô
ΪҪղǸ⣬ֻһʱ׽Ǹ
ݿϣ·ʲôϵ 
ĿתĿԼݿϣȻһ˿ɬָо
оЩȣҪ֪ŮūЩѾ߳ܣ
ԼһˣԺ޹˼ɵһһȺǰ壬
ֲĶ˵Ѿһʬ⣬ûԼ˼
ʶ 
һ̣ݿϣǾΥ˼벻һȶˣоԼ
һŮˣһеŮˣָоȻȻĲӡ 
ݿϣҧҧסŮ˱ܵɬְ̧ѹؿϵȹʵ
䣬¶˳ϰһĻʱһϣ۾һ
ϴ 
Ŀݿϣǰһ鷿׼ȷ˵鷿˵
٣ΪپȻӨǵĳǶʱȻ˶
ĿĹâ 
ϸһŷԭݿϣͷϴǶʯĽ
ɫģһָϸͷ˶Դʯλ
ͷġ 
һۿȥоǾ棬žЩ̣໹Ǹеһ
Ĵ̼ʯĹâͷ͸޵ԸУ˸ܵ
һֱ̬ĿС 
ݿϣע⵽ĿĽԼǴͷϣﲻӿһǿ
ӣգ̧ͷĨسȹ
βŵԵʣȹʵβλʵСһ򣬲
ջǽĨسȹ 
㶵Ŀ˺һŽĿƣݿϣǿһ
ǴˣʵȲջɫƿնֿʵ̫խСˣ
ǰεɲŵ˵СƶҪСƿյ˿֯ǿǿ
סëɱǵֻ֣Ƕһ㵭ʸУ
ֱ¶ˣ 
ڶֿϷҲλãһɫһ˿ϵ
ϣȵǰһϸ˿Ŀ˿ϣ֪
е˿࣬һӵ־Ͽʱ;쳣
УȷǷǳĹˣŮ˵ԸȻֵ쾡¡ 
𣿡ݿϣͷӬ 
ʲô 
ԣݿϣ⣬ѱȰƻСڿǰһȻ
תȥָ¸һҴСеһӡǣֻҪĸ
ϵһңӶ˵Ļ 
ȥԭݿϣٵϷ಻һֵĵطһ
ǳɫӡǣɫǳ֮ǰֿڣһʱû 
öӡ״ΣԼĴָСѩƤӳµҲۣһ
ʮ־У֪˻Ǻȥģ 
ţҿˡ 
㡭ٿϸ㡭ݿϣգ 
 
΢΢һʶĽͷǰһ㣬ſԭӡǵ
һССʮּܣʮּҲǺɫģֻɫΧǳɫ
Ϊһ壬ϸ濴 
ǡ 
ݿϣڿ˱½ֿãǼĨسȹٴϣ
ڳȹüķǳôɵľܴϵģֻý
ȹڵԼǰȻɫ΢εӡһУŷ
ϴʱ񸸵ĽʮּܣԱϵ۵ϡ 
ʮǲǱģʱݿϣŵ
ӡ˸ĸû֪˵֮Ǿһ
ˣҲ˵Ļˡ 
ţ⵹Ǹ취ͷ 
ݿϣ¶һ˿ɵı飬Ҳ漴¶òֳģ
ĵЦݣвɰ̾ŮǿϧˣֻƬ
Ϣף˵ǺţҲǸ֮ңҿ
ԿóܹýŷõĳƺӦˡ 
֮⣬ݿϣĸ欣ǰ͹̣˫޳پ£
䣬ر˫۾һıɫĳˮˡ 
һڵŮỷǾһ飬һ
вΪ֮ڣȻɳӦõ
ô׶ˡ 
㡭ǲ롭Ҫ룬롭ҿԡݿϣ֪ʱ
е뷨ôһֱԼΪǶԼȤ 
ȿȡǡԲҸղеˣվˣ
¡֪ݿϣԼ˼ˣԸΣҲ˵ʲôֻ
ߵɳ¡ 
ݿϣ״Ǽһ΢ʧʵǲ
£෴ܺǰ˷ʲôⲻΪ˸м
Լһ˽ģΪסԼԼֻ
ſܾԼԼ 
ҪĿΨһԼ壬ݿϣԼ廹
һŵģǸб̬֪һ
⣬ϣȳʣſȻԼһǹڼ
Զĵطλ 
Ҫ֪ȻǹԲӵ൱󣬱˵Ů
еλˣǴֱ۵λʹ̡ 
ݿϣڻһĻ̲ס־ĲѾ̫ǵ
ʱľʹһ飬ֻ֪ʧˣǻƵҺӿʱ
漴Ҳͻˣʱ׵òӣ
ı汻ŵķ·Ǹһ㱡ĤѪɫ
ʱܳƱƤӿѪ 
ھһټͿĨҩ࣬糿һЩ
Ȼһ۵ģҪǱ˵ͱζݿϣһ
ֱð亹 
ԣݿϣĺʱҪȻʾû뷨
ʱָеһЩʧе㺦£ӵе㻼ûʧ̶
ԵЩ㱡 
ôˣݿϣЩԾ 
Ŷңû¡ 
ݿϣæҡͷ˼ЦЦ̧׼صɳϣȻ
£һʱ˿£ʱǼĨسȹڵԼǰ
ȹӵ°ںܳڵ̯һѣһֻòȹһǣ
һֻŸ̧ͱȹڰһ£Ÿ߸ЬľͲǺȣ
һº޷ƽ⣬ֱֱǰ˵ 
ݿϣɷһС 
ۼֿ죬ֱסݿϣĻˣ
ԭųȹȻɿˣʱſĻ 
û°ɣе 
û£лл 
ʶ˿ԼӣݿϣǼִһ˿ϲŶ
ܵǶҵָŶллΰʴȵллָ
֪ôˡ 
ʵϣʱҲ󼤵Ů˶ϾͽѹԼ
ֱϣǴʯ黷޵Ĺâ̼񾭣
˿ĴȣѹԼСϣǻĴѸ
 
ЩΣһߵƱݿϣʲôһ߾Ҫ
ȻָһʹͷݿϣûĴ㣬
һԴɻĿŻݿϣȴŮ˿ĿԼ
ͬʱŮ˵ѾĿ䣬˿ͳ
Ӳ 
㡭 
еԾĿݿϣҪ˵ȴ׳ԼһЦȻ
ͷͽ˽ȥǻˮĿ漴Ҫ˵Ļ
ʻ˶ 
ݿϣһסĸ᲻صŪţס֮
һȻͷŪĽ°ڶɵͷϵ£˳
״£мżݺݹһ¹ͷסۣһṤ
ȫĿˮģҵĹâ 
ĺӲ̡ݿϣһȦ⣬ȻԼ
ϣ૵ 
ЦЦΪȻʵⲻݿϣĿֺã
ȷӲȵһֱһȹ
бֵģбģӲĻûм 
ϸ˺һᣬֱͶеˣݿϣɿֱ
ôֱͦͦĹ˫ȼ䣬˿ĿǺΡ 
Ŀⲻݿϣǰһ鷿ϣǾһľһ
Ĺؿϣ˶ĿУֱһȣƵ
һӾδƵġ 
Ȼ̫˶ݿϣһ鷿ûƵһôͦˣ
ôֱͦͦĹţӰ죬һԷ鲻ɱЩ´
һҲӰУ෴ֻ鷿˴˼ѹȻȻγһ
鹵Եջ 
˴ݿϣ鷿ԼӻԵ÷ǳףƵƤҪ֣
ѩһ͸۵İףԲ̬Ҳʹ鷿ڵ
ֳһԹᴩͷ黷ҫ۵Ĺâ͸
һֲŰ޵ 
㴩ϵ𣿡̲ס鷿ʳָ
ͷϵ黷 
ݿϣͷһ漴ǰ˫ס鷿
м䣬Ȼ˴˼ѹ߳ĳʱʧŷ 
ɷһ̾Ϣ뻬鵽
СȫһĸܣԼǳĹͷ¼жԼ鷿
ʱʱָһĴ̼⵼¿鲻Խ
һ˿Һ 
ݿϣȻҲоˣ̧ͷһЦͷſ죬ÿͷ
¶ʱ׼ȷĺסһ£ܶʼû¹
;Լͺͼͦˣйĳ嶯 
˵ݿϣȻŮˣ仨ٳֶԼ
ḻļħĺ;µÿһ˳
С 
Ŷ 
΢಻סˣסݿϣֱ۾ͽͬʱ
һֻ̽ĿȥȻմһƬݿϣ
һʹƺߣ 
ôˣݿϣüͷһˣһʹ಻ɾȵ 
ǡۡݿϣ 
ҿ 
˵ţݿϣɳϣţ˫ȴţ
۾ݿϣƽУһľ۵ס 
ݿϣЩ߳ܵתͷڰĶֿ򰵰ľѹָ
Ůһʹֻ࣬׵˽͵ͷڰмǵ
϶ѹĶ쿴ˣ˺ȻһƬѪ죬էһΪѪˣ
һ㱻ŵĽģ·ֻҪһʹƤѿ 
Ҳ֪˭ãݿϣͬ飬ͬʱҲеΣ
ԼǻƣԵļһﲻ¶Цݿϣ
ôҲĽˡ 
㡭Һ桭ĿԼݿϣκ
 
ʲôһʱûס 
ݿϣˣҧ촽ס⣬һֻŴӴȺӹ
ָκ˳ſȥɾסˣָĺȻĸš 
ڸؽûгԹ֪һֽŷʽ
Դ˿Եôȣ֮͸еһ棬ͬʱһ
̼ 
֮ԻĸоΪݿϣĸɫۺ죬Χûһ
ëԵ쳣ĸɾͽۣ˿жĵĸо 
̲סְһ£ֵֻһָСĲȥʱ
ܵĽ£ΧһȦʮԸо䶯С 
ŪŸţݿϣϢʼЩ٣һοʼ룬
鶯ʵȣѵҲԸд 
¶ˣεĵݿϣѾϰ˸ؽ
ᵽ˲һĿУĸУ׵õ
 
ɡ壬ݿϣŷ˸ɳϣ
˫ַɳƨɸ߸̧Ȼתͷ˿Ŀ 
󿴣ݿϣӸӵ˺ԸУǰ⻬ļһ˿
˵ĻȣмΪݣխϸͿ˶ԲβγĶ
ȣɫĵ˿ཫ˫εĸӵһƬ˿ 
̲סˣɿ⿪ôͬڿһʵ
λãȻ˫ַסݿϣԲβ߷ֻֿС
ĸһջſԼɼ䶯ĸ⡣ 
ҪˡԴһ˿ǰһĻ˵ȷ̼ 
šݿϣһߣᡣ 
ǰһͦ׳˶Ĺͷ㶥Ϊݵĸϣݿϣ
˵ֻԼƨ۴һǿֻȵѹԾһ
ֽץסɳĿأһɹСڽըѿָоȴ
ܣö裬ԾĻš 
ղָ̽ʱֻݿϣĸŵʮ㣬Ҳ֪϶ϰ
˴һĲ룬˸ؽӦûǳ˳Ȼȥ
ʱŷ⻹治һ׵飬ݿϣľոʵǷǳýر
ڴһȦ⣬ֱһǳеƤҪ
Ƶġ 
Ŵֽ߬סݿϣԲΣһʹ
ͬʱĥƨɣһһĽ룬Ȼһһ˳
κټһһĵطͦͬһһ˳ 
֮ݿϣĸ𽥷ˣҲԽԽ˳ˣֱÿ
һζ룬Сײƨһͬʱ
ײ 
ӲӲ̫̫ˡܲˡ壬ˡ 
ݿϣƴҡͷ˿Ҳ֪ǿֻʹࣿ 
ĴϢԽԽأ˵ؽĿһҲͬ
ʪ൱ĸӶҲ˸Ħͬʱ
¶ƺߣ̶еĽ¸ие
һȦ⣬ֱһ˫ڽš 
һδεľ붥ݿϣȥܲˣûг
ܹҵĸؽȣǸ󸹱ֱС
ơ 
ˡ桭ĲˡġҰɡݿϣ޽ţ
ӱĽɳϣ˶鷿ѹ˱Բ 
û˵ӦݿϣֻԽԽҵĶԼԽԽصĺ
Լ֪߳ǰ治Զˣʱ˫ȹɳأ˫
סݿϣĸ첲סһԼקʹ
ͦ𣬱ѹ״ķָԭ״̶˦һ˵
 
ˡƨ۱˰ݿϣ棬ѩ
׵帡õɫ 
һ̨ʮһһµĲŪݿϣƨۣ
һֻʱѾ̽Ů˵ǰĴ鷿ʱʱĲŪͷ
黷ͲϺɫͷϳ 
ݿϣȻһֱߵ˻߳ˣһδδй
ĸֻ߳һ߳ˮһ㽫û屻֧飬
ǰһڣڻԵһ̣ôǸһôҸ£ 
 
УݿϣоԼ𣬶ƨҺһһ
Ҳȥʲôˣ˿ֻůĻ
ܾûİȫˡ 
ݿϣоԼ屻£뿪ůʱ
ۣԼʵĴϣǸ;˫
Ҫ뿪ʱˣһסֱۣߣ
Һ㣡 
ЦЦһݿϣҲ߰ҲҪ·˯ 
ݿϣЦˣ漴ɿ֣ʼ·ݿϣ˿̾һ
СŮԼżһһ۲գĶһһ£ǳ㣬
Ȼ׺ͳЩ·ʱݿϣȻ
һĶһָŶʲô 
˳ݿϣָ򿴹ȥ漴ЦǷõġ˵ţ
˳ֽˣݿϣǰ˻Σԭķɵ 
ݿϣЦԭˣİɡ 
ͷʱݿϣֵйǲǶ 
ǺǣȻǣѵй 
ֻһʣȻ֪ݿϣܼɵ
ģ仹йˣȻû뵽ǣݿϣȻĵͷ
ţҼ񻹺ĵʽࡣ 
ʱסˣ̶ѪҺֱţһѣΣ

23 
    ݿϣע⵽ɫĲԾЩŵŶôˣ 
    ǿס飬תżһѷɵݵݿϣ
ǰϸ㿴ǰѵĺһ𣿡 
    ݿϣ֪⻰˼ǺĽӹɵ濴
˿Ȼͷţһġ 
    һģһ 
    šɡ˵ţݿϣȻһѽһģһ
ҼǵǸĵϿһСǣҲء 
    پԴ䡱һݿϣ˵ʲôˣ
ＸͿԿ϶ݿϣ˵Ǹʹͬɵ˾Ϲ壬Ҳ
̡ 
    ֮˿϶ȻΪѷɵȱʱʹɵ
ѾǷëˣο⣬Եݿϣ˵˺һҲ
ʹ÷ɵһйʱľ쵽ʲôݿϣ϶
һģһķɵʱᶼҪ̲סĵļֱ޷ݡ 
    ǵúԼһɵǳ̵Ľ̵ʹõķɵ
ҲԼ죬ŮԣķɵСɾ£Դһ˿Σ
ͣȫǶҴ죬ҲʹɵĸֻҲõķ
Ҳһ⣬̻һϲãڵϿһǡ 
    ڴСѧϰʹõľ͵ķɵϰߣԼ
ķɵȻȻҲͬͣݿϣ˵ǸйҲʹ
͵ķɵѾˣй˾̡ 
    ʹ˦˦ͷԼ侲ȻǸʹɵйǲ
һŮˣ 
    ô֪ݿϣΪԾ 
    ԤϣԻֹס֮飬ǰһѱסݿϣ˫
ʲôʱ򣿡 
    Ŷ㡭ôˣݿϣЩˡ 
    ŶԲе㼤˵пʶһѣ
Һ֪һЩԽԽáŬԼƽ 
    ݿϣ¶Ȼɫ漴һǰʱϷǵԼ˹
ʲôطҲ֪һׯ԰ǸйŮˣŶ
ѣǸׯ԰˵ıڣҲǡ 
    ˵⣬ԥһ£еǡ 
    Ҳʲôʡ 
    šҲǸׯ԰˵鸾 
    Īһ飬漴һʹĸоϮͷӡ
ãô崿ô˵鸾ȻǸǻģ
ôˣԼһ˭֪ʲôͬ
ԼڵԼҲǱ̫̫ࡣ 
    㻹ǲǵǸׯ԰˽ʲô֣ʲôģ 
    롭 
    еŵĿݿϣһṩĻҪҵ
̻ǲܵˣҲⱲӶطˣ붼ʹĳ鴤 
    ݿϣϸ˼ţȻֻ۾һˣҼǵԱ
 
    һ૵ 
    ţǵģǽдݿϣܿ϶ 
    ƲƺӦòְҵţ׷ʵ˳
ʲôӣ 
    ֣ܰҲӦʮҡ 
    һʹɫһ˿ʹ࣬Ŀⶼе
ݿϣﲻЩźͺ£΢㡭û°ɣ 
    Ŷû£û¡ǿһ˿Цݣˣ
һЩϢ𣿡 
    ݿϣȻ֪ǸйŮ˺ʲôϵԣ˶
Ҫϸ˼һȻԲ֪ĺޣ
ֻ֪Ǹ˽д 
    üͷƾݿϣֻƬϢҪҵд
һڴ룬˼һµܲܰѵʱΣŶҲ
ôôһ¼ǸôǸ
ѣˣƾʲôжϳǸ˵鸾 
    ҡݿϣɫЩ԰ףͷҲȥƺǲ̫Ը˵ 
    漴Ҳݿϣ飬Ϊһ˿ڣеĹ
̱Ȼʹ಻ףٻ˵˺һ˿ڡ 
    㲻˵ǡ 
    ûУ룬ʱҺܺ£еϸҪúûһ¡
ݿϣ̧ͷ 
    ЦЦҲ漴ϴݿϣ§ڻûϵ㾡䣬
ʵ벻ҲҪʲô˵ʵڵģѾҺܴһæˡ 
    ŶĻٸǽʵŴݿϣȻ
еһǰδеİȫУһƬͷҲʼ
˵ҵʱǱװһС 
    ǸʱݿϣԼ֪ת˶ٴΣֻ֪һȺǿ
°Ѿ൱ʱˣǶʱǱѺڰյʯ
װڴд;С 
    ȻַѾǵˣľʵ
һ֮ 
    ݿϣ֮һֱŵһ󲿷ʱ䶼ֽű
ãɱУ£ۿһһ°
Ůͼ¥ڿһ̱ק˻
ֲһĻǸŮЩе֫˵ûЩ˵Ҫ
˹ЩϲüǮ 
    ǲģݿϣͲö֪ˣԺٲɱ
ͷˣƾЩ˽ȥ˶ǻججģȫһ
ʬ⡣ 
    һݿϣǱװڴУӴʱԼһ
ܴĲƺ룬ǰһȺˣϸֻǰһűһ
ĽԶһƬСԼһСѶ羰ܺãȥ
һׯ԰ 
    ֮⻹ŮǶǱװڴʱĸ
ųһţ㣬˫۱ 
    µֵĻģǽͷ
Щӿɱȵġ˵һͷУǿ׳׺ݲб
ݿϣԼŮġ 
    𣿡д˵͸Ű 
    Ȼ˵ţͷһȣǼͷ̧ô
úÿ 
    ݿϣŮ̧ͷҲʱſ
ӣ֣͸ݣϣվĸδ󺺣
һװģīվԱߵľǸйŮˣ
ƮƮ޳ģͬһīһ˷硣 
    ƤпǳģǽĺɫģزյļΪͻ
ԸָһֳĸоǰƤȹͳͲ߸Ƥѥѥ
ֱϥλãм¶һشźɫ˿Ĵȡ 
    ݿϣ̵ʱʵȣӡǸ
崿õȫĻɵʱԼֳϲϵó 
    ȥǸйŮˣֱӶ˵ȥݿϣ
ɫĳԼھǸͷʱ٬Ĵһ
ڣͻȻŮ˵ƨһơ 
    ŶŮǴӡͷЦ˵ţȻһ仰û˵
ֻǰһ漴Ͼͱһذ׸סˣһʱɫ
䣬վڽԶͬǺȵͬʱǹĶ 
    ݿϣʱȷмͷеͬֻǸŮ
Բһ£ǼЩСоٿȻֹͣˡ 
    ʮֺ棬ʱݿϣһͷǼ˵ôˣ
һƬž͸ĽŮɪɪ 
    ȻһЦվŴҡͷԵߵ
Ů˵ߣʹ˸漴ջ˵ڹͷкϵذס 
    Ƕ̵õ壬ɲ˭ġ 
    Ц˵ţ漴Ů˵ƨһѣȻŬȥ
ɣһ 
    Ů˶ԴԼƨһ㷴ӦûУ˳ӵתݿϣȼ
ŮȥҲΪŲ²Ů˿Ǵ鸾 
    ͷдʱԵúΣǿһ˿ЦݵŶǴŪ
СҰèŶԣӦСҰǸղΪֻıڣ
 
    һ2 2 2 0 Oһѩѣ
һ漴ĿһҲֶ֪β϶ܵСС
ĳͽ䣬˵һ޶𣿡 
    ͷɫΪѿȴҲ˵ʲôˣǱŮѾߵݿϣ
ǰСذһǵ°ͣϸǵò
Ҳʱذ׵ıϿһǡ 
    ǸŮһŮݿϣŮֱͷд
ȥˣҲڴ˿ڷص;ݿϣͱͷһַˣ
һʹ˸ŰֶΣ˵⣬ݿϣɲ˶ſ
Ļ۾Ứ 
    ˣ˵ˡ§ݿϣο 
    ݿϣŵͷȻ̧ͷˣһˣʱڳ
һĥһǴ˵ʲôһУƷ׬
ǮͰԴĿˣһ֪Լ֮ġ 
    Ѿһ磬ŴĿ
ǰԼ˹һʵĶƾЩϢȥϷǵԼ˹ң
˵ףҲһϣã¡ 
    뵽⣬಻סͷļϣҵˣ
ҵǸһĳţ۾ʪˣˣ
һ֮ͶȥϷǵԼ˹ĿĪɣϷ
нǧҲԶȥﻹǽΪģȥ
Ψһ鷳׿ԼҪ뿪˲֪ΰֲܷܲܡ 
    룬ʵڲоͰһ뿪Ͼ²ܵȣʱ
һ̻ʧȥϢ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    ̵ϢＤ˷ܣͬʱеĺ˿˿㯣
һ˯Ĳãʱշת࣬ݿϣһֻ˳è
һߣĿʼΧϣֱҲֲסϮ˯
Ųĺ۾žΥЦ硣 
    ݿϣٶ۾ʱѾγɵϰһ½
Ҫ׼ʱʶ˯ߵĲ
ӷ׷ֵһὡ׳塣 
    ݿϣ΢΢ͷȥԼ˵ı۰ϣǽʵе
Եļôã̲ס۾һ
ϴϢ 
    ҪÿۿĶǰһǸжôҸݿ
ϣĬĬ 
    ţݿϣ鲻Խָ֣ḧ
գС¾ͬʱҲõ⾳
ơ 
    ģݿϣǰ޳ָӹı촽°ͣ
Ȼ󻬹ţһ·£ֱһںڴֳëͣ 
    ںëԼ䣬һǳɫ⾥ţһ
һ磬׳ȼֱ֮ 
    ݿϣ̲סһĨЦ⣬ƤָȻ
̧ۿڳ˯ƺûʲôӦɵӴ 
    ô޾ɵģǸأݿϣӣ
£ǰ಻Ц 
    ˵Ŀ»ŽΪŨҵϢúµģ
һϵĳζʵЩţȻݿϣǵû¶ɫ
ֳһ˿֮顣 
    ݿϣסഹǵܴʱһȫƣ
Ȼ޷һֺգǱƵԼȴԱҳֱ
Ĳʵ 
    Сϲİǣݿϣʶſ죬
룬ֱдӲĹͷž֪Լʲô
ʱĵӿһɬЩҵ³ 
    ݿϣԼգֻյʱȻеޣΪ
Ѿܾûĸоˡ 
    ĻңɬԼһŮ˵ĸоˣһʬ
⡣ 
    ƽһݿϣٶ콫룬ɨͷ
ѾɺҺһ󷢽漴СȣϢЩٵ
һֻԼ壬Ѿʪˣɸ߸
ָᰴȥһĿлʹһ
һҺǻ 
    Сĺݿϣƶͷϴ
Ķ¾ѳ˯еҲϲһ״̬оԼȫ
ӵˣԸôһֱߣΪһ塣 
    ûһᣬݿϣоʼʹ󣬽ĽĿǻȫ
ɵɴ۾ԾĿԭһĸ𽥱󣬱
Ӳһצľ 
    찡Ϊʲôô󣿡ݿϣо̾ĿǻЩ
ͣò˳һЩǹ⻬Ĺͷ鲻Խ
Сϸϸ£֮ɫ 
    ͬʱݿϣһڣ岻Ţ
̵飬ȽһύĥţһֻҲƵԼ
ǰϷ͵鷿ͬʱָסһͷק
һǿһû󹤷Ƕʯ黷㽫ͷ
״ 
    ϸϸĴ׳ԼŨϢ
Ĵ̼ݿϣԼڵѸٶ֮˼
ֻƾܵĺݺһ黷ֱĽŰ
һ˲䣬߳ˣһȭͷתһƬ
հס 
    ڸ߳һɲǣݿϣ³ſߣ
ڴϣָֻסµĴµĽ鴤
̵ͦķΣĳ鴤һⲨ 
    μ䣬һӨҺ˳޳⻬Ĵ
ڲ˿˿䡣 
    ߳ļȿֳݿϣսļ춼޷ɳԭ
ļʱһõκ죬һϸܵĺ鸡֡ 
    ãݿϣŻָһЩ֧ӣͷ
֮ǰӵԣȻ̧һƳʱȴ㵵ķ˲֪ʲôʱ
Ѿ𣬿ڴͷЦЦĿԼ 
    㣬ԣԲ𡭡ҡݿϣ־޲
ñסͷ 
    ǺǣΪʲôǸΪҿȷ㣬Ҳ⡣
Ц 
    ݿϣЦЦ۾ƳĿ£ֻǸҡ
ɸ߸𣬼ֱббĴգʺתһ
εĿ 
    ʵݿϣ캬סʱˣûгֵñĿ
ܣȻûһͷִһ΢΢΢һ˼Ҹ߳һĻ
ʱ۵ס 
    ǼȾֺЦʵû뵽ݿϣȻô͸߳ˣ
ȥ൱ǿң춼ûȤĿ
ʲôʱعð죬ݿϣڴӸ߳лָһЩ
Լһж۵ˣ߾ѣͬʱҲ
˵²һ¶ 
    ʱעݿϣ񣬲ЦЦתҿ
ôˣ 
    ݿϣӵӦһǸжûĸ
ǰһǰЩ˭͸ܣ
УһйߣͲһˡ 
    ߸̧Բβͬʱݿϣ΢΢ֻֿ
ȻҺݺᣬһƬӨɺףˣͥջеⷭ
ֳͣһȦĸ⡣ 
    ¶ʱΪΣݿϣǰѨȻûϵ
ͥȴɵģȷʵǲٵ̫ˣϾǸţ
ôеԣôݲǿŪǱȻġ 
    ŶǸʹɣʳָᰴݿϣűߵϣ
ֺףкüϸС˺ˣȻǺأⷭ޺
ӳ͸żֲŰҵζ 
    ݿϣ׳ȻһЦ΢΢ҡҡͷָܵϸ
ܱЩʱ鲻ԽĲһʹྡԡ 
    ֪ݿϣǿţ²һ̾ԭ
Ǻͥζأڿǲеˣǲ˼ǿӲϣ
 
    ˣˡݿϣƨɣ漴ƿ˴
ݿϣһ漴ֱϰڴϹ˼Ȼһѱ
סվڴرϵĺ󱳣ʵ߰ɣ㣬
һҲǸߣٴȥһģٵ
ҵˣء 
    ŮһһӣȻ侲ҲЩ
ݣĬ˰ΣŮԽԽͼŮǽ§ס
˫֣ȴִֵ§ĸһ̾תðɣ
ԡ 
24 
ٶ߷ӳڽչЩٳٲĸ׵Ϸݣȿȡ
ϣʵɫ汾չǽкˣ
Ѷ߲ϼ룬һ㣬Ҳ˼Ҹо߸ոѣǱ߾ͽ
βˣͲˡԽдԽˣĿǰд£̵Ϸݣ
ƪɣŵĸƪȻ󸴳ƪȵȣûһ´ס 
ֻ˵лѶ֧֣Ǿ仰⸶ǰ˽ţ 
ʮ㣬ͶŵĴֳͷܶ졣 
һƬΪĳأڳ봣һԼ׸ߵʯ̨һ
ȺͿĨɫĺ˺ִìΧʯֱ̨
ﻹڳţΧٸظŮ̻¶飬˴
֣ͬȦķʽһȦһȦΧʯ̨ڸ 
Ͷʯ̨ԶһŴϣߴӵŲˣרų
һѴɡΪΪȷȡͷʱĻʵ۳
ΧʮԲʣȫװĹӶھѲš 
߻˹ϯȻȻУƽţ
⻹Լ¬࣬ˣվԶ
طΧˡ 
ʵʽǺܸȤıģ
̻ȥˣһͿһȥϷǵԼ˹
ˣȻѾӦҪۿ⣬ݿϣǿ
İڶһ˿֮ģôڣ
Ůū͸ԼҲҪʱ䡣 
ƶĹʵеС黳ģҪ֪
ԼúÒһ͵úöȹһҹȵ
ҹûӰеԹ֪ 
ԣһʱǺһͨԹ׷
ﶼʲôϸ˵ת뵽йݿϣ뷨
ԼҪ˵ݿϣ뿪϶˫޳ɵģ˵ܰԼ
⣬Ǿͽݿϣ˵˳Ȼϵǵû˵ 
Ȼ˵Ҫݿϣ뿪˷ܣ˵Լô
ˣ̫ͬǸŮˣһԼһ־ؿ
ûȥˡ 
ȻһʥĸģҲɵһʼ˷ܹ̾;
ԾǸݿϣŮȻǿ϶һ˶Ļ
һĹһŮūҹýֺͷҲ֪
лᷢʲô 
ǲѾϹˣ 
Բһ漴ЦŮ˶»Ǹо׼
ȷ 
ӣ֪Լ˵ˣ¶ʱһ˿ɬĵ
ϲ𣿡 
ȿȡͦϲģ˳˭ϲأȻԸΣ
̹ϵ 
ɫһ漴תһЦʵ˵ˣҶͦϲ
ǸŮģȻҸû˵һ仰֪Ϊʲôҵһۿ
кøУĪľ׽ 
ʱһ£ǵˣݿϣ˵Ҳ־繤
 
𣿡ƳԾĵɴ۾˭ 
˹˵һ߲Աʶ𣿡 
һ𾪡 
ƷӦôҲôǺ𣿡 
ʱһ𾪵ģ춼û˵΢ƽʱ
Ǳ˹ȥۿͶŵĴʽֻʱ
ʸ鵽һߡ 
ֶֹĴʽʽʼˣһܼĹ
º۵˴Χ۵Ⱥ˳ȫʵʵһʱ
޷ȷ⼸˵Ů 
һǰ棬ƺͷ죬ֻ˾ֱǰ
û뵽ǣʵһȻվ΢΢ʩ˸
Ȼ𾴵뿪ʼɡ 
ŶǸʲôģѯ֪
ݲ 
ʼ磬ʾԼҲ֪ʱֻתʯ̨Ǳȥ
˸˳Ծˣԭڳ赸İһ
𻶺ӭһȺͿɫİ˵Ĵӵ
²ʯ̨ȻЩ˺ȫԲν˰Χм䡣 
һĻƸӳԾˣΪֱϵĺ
˾ȵķڲһȻǸŮˣͻ
ᣬĿⲻʮ꣬òǱˣƤûôڣ
ɫĺɫס˰ֻӣʹ˿ò޴ж
ǳ 
ţҲ˺ۣͬŮˣ
ǻ毺õݣƸе൱ȵǣŮĳ
ȻһģһȻ˫̥ 
˫̥ŮһȫŵģŮڸ߸
ʯ̨㵸дʣԱЩŵĺ˵ĵͳһ
аڽ̵ϢȻ 
ôԼʮӣȻ˫ָ߾ٹͷһȣ
֮ʱȻֹ˲һƬž漴ֻǼϸɤ
Ů˴ 
Χ۵Ⱥжʱһ󻩶漴߷ֻֿź
һǰһ˴ǿ߳ȺƼβһ͵͵
Ŷҵ찡 
ֻźϵﱻȥһ˿ң˫ֱ
һǵĲϣӵһͷ˴߬
˴׳ľֻܣ½㣬ֻп¶
һƿĳȻΧ䣬Ӳӡ
һĴ׳ֱһ¿ 
ƵĳԾһ˿־ıƽ࣬
ɫĴŮ˵ĳ壬ӱϿǵ岢û˺ۣ
ƺûʲô̷ԵЩӦûûɵģҪǿʵģ
ɳĮش첻ⲻ󣬿ֻҪûˮǾ͹Ǻˡ 
ûһᣬźͱ˴ǿʯ̨漴ǿ
ڵأ棬˴˿żǹ͹˶
鷿తˡ 
ſңȺġ 
ſбһǹҡ 
 
źƴŭţȻ˴ţ
˵ʱˣ״̬ʱڴƴʱҲںĶ֡ 
أڣ˴СУ飬֪
ͷ΢΢գһϵ 
ޣţҪɱɱ߶߶ŭĿӡ 
ҲǺݺһĭЦӣԴˣҲûֳʲô̫
ķӦֻ̫ķȥдʵĲ֪˵Щʲô
Ȼ˫̥Ů˸ƣŮ빪˹Ȼµĺ
óһ 
ŶҪʲôס͵ 
֪ԣŮҪԿͷˡ 
ֻŮһһںСչޣһһԼ
ңòöͷĥĹ룬ϸϸģʰɫ״
ĳֶĽ 
Сչ޵ŮһڲͣĶ
ߣ򿪸ӣʳָһĨɫӨ̵ĺ״
ֱͿĨ˸Ե鷿λַ¹ͽ
״ȵͿܣͿʱֱָ
ǵһԲ˶ 
찡ʲôȥеġĸ첲 
ӦһֲҩҹӦǴ̼ǵ壬ǵӵ
С˼ 
Ŷҵ찡̫ˣ 
ûв´ԭɫĺ״ͿŮ鷿ϺѸٱ䵭ʧ
ǵļһ㣬漴ûһӵʱ䣬ֻŮ鷿ʼ
ŴԭЩ´鷿ǴƤƵܷͣޣ
Կǵ鷿ƤŵıֱɫѪܶ
ϡɱ棬嶥ͷ͵ֳִһų챥ӣɫ
Ϻɫ 
˵ڽǶȺ;ĹϵĲ̫У
˴ȼ䷴ľӨˮĹâ˵һС 
ͬʱԭŭ֪ʲôʱʧȡ֮
͵ĴϢб˴˲Ծһ˫ԣѹĥһ
 
۾ɵϴѾ˵ˣɫĿһУ
вδ̫ĲĺݣĲпᡣ 
ʱСչ޵Ů˿һŹŮǰƼȺ
ĿнͷУٽŴһͷм
ϸӡ 
ͷ봩þӺŮŰѹ봩̹ŵ
ͷͶ鷿ĸͷ˴˽Ȼϸ
һ 
鷿ŮеĲλ֮һʱֱ֪Ĳҩ̼ţ
жȸǱ״̬±һ̴ʹп֪ 
е֮ǣŮ˲ûз˺ѷεĲҽУ
ʹ֮ɫԣնֹͣܣ˷·
ȥꡣ 
˫̥Ůһб˵ʱһͬʱ
ߵŮߣʱ˴󺺻վŮ
죬¶ɭɭݣԵʮֿܡ 
Ŷҵĺӣȥɣȥִּ⡣ 
ںʱɰ㵸˷ܵķһֽУȻ볶
ȥǶŵĲһͦ˼ͬʱŵ 
ںֳִг˵ϸһֱ߳Ͳ
Ķ˾ôǿв룬Ůҩ̼Ѩ
ţҺҲ̲סն۾һȷס 
ں﷢˷ܵĺУһ½һµײǰŮˣ¿
ƵĴÿһζ룬ýԶƶܿ
ȫʱŮ˵С͹һ飬ڣһʼŵΧһȦƤ
ⱡֽƬź˴󺺴ֱĳ룬ŵļƤ⿪ʼ˺ѣ
Ѫ˳ 
̫ˣ̫ˡƵɴ۾סҡͷϳ˾
벻˼顣 
ƵļԵҪˣǻȥɡ 
ҡҡͷǿ¶һ˿Цݵû£һܳŵס 
εҡҡͷ治֪ΪʲôϲȴҪֱ
Ҳʹ졣 
ЦЦǲϲҰ̵ԭʼоܷ
ϣһĻĻһʶ˽⡣ 
˵գٴξĿȥʱʯ̨һĻŵ龰˼ı仯
øӵĲ̺ʹĿģź˴󺺳ϵͲ壬Ůڵ˺
ԽԽأԭѪ˿ڵӿѪֻŮ˵弰
к˴󺺵СѪһƬ 
ˣ˴ڳͬʱ˫ֽסŮ˵Ȼ
ÿһγʱŮһǱϰ
Ů˾ôһıֿȻǵͷǱĳֶĽһģ
һһķֿͷҲһ 
ֶĽȥƺԲɾͶ˵ͷ
ǱϳѪͷ̵˿ڴųʯ̨ϡ 
ŮʹĲסҡͷȴĲҽУֻкＷ
˿˿ҰްʣϵıŤĿ£ԭնƺ
ʹѣϴ۾ǿ־壬ŭͲʡ 
Ͷűĺ˴һֱ˴һ
׶뷽ͣʱŮ˵鷿һǱһ
Բ׶Σڷ嶥ͷǱһȥͷʱ
ϡ 
ʱ˫̥Ůһǰһһĺ
ɫľ׼ȷ˵Ӧĳľɲ֣Ҿϸļӹĥ 
ϿȥƺǱʲôҺͨںɫͷ
ìȻ󻺻мɵԲ⻬мһСۣ
һ㡣 
ʱһʯ̨ϸҸӿŵ㵸˫̥
ŮǸɵˣ·ǶϰٽƵģǽɸ߾ͷ
̫£дʣʱȫȫĳ
˫̥Ů߶ûˣֹͣһ
ѹֳƵĸоʯ̨ÿһ˵ͷ 
ԼĪӣ˫̥ŮվͶŵߣ
ʱŮȻһϢ屻ĺ˴ײһһ
֮ˣǵĺںסƴʱ
̱ڵˡ 
˫̥Ůֱں˸ƣʾֹͣһ
ʱԹֹͣ˳壬Ů˵Ҳֹ֮ͣʶϰ̱ȥ
ԴţѾǳ࣬ٵİģ 
˫̥Ů˴˶һۣͷ漴˷ֱһֽ߬ںɵ
һˣһֻһѾסŮ˵ͷǿ̧ͷȻǼì
һ˸ԶŮ˵ͣ˽ȥ 
оʹŮ۾ŷԼͱһԲľ
ſǼľʹҲ˵ȴԼʲô۾Ȼɴ
ȿ־ 
Ŷ찡ҪʲôƳԾסԼͣ
Լжϡ 
ʱȻΪδ˹ӣ
ҪֱͶ˵ڵѪȫѪҺ
ɣҸ˷ָǣһ˴Ů˵룬ڼ
ʹĿԼֱǺš 
ڲпգмֱСףһͷ̽˵
ʱѪҺͻЩСף˳пյĲȻҪʾЧ
λüַҪ൱ĽһŪѪͻ˿ڴ
ѷɾͻʧȥá 
ɵ;֮¸ǺȻȻĻǾݣ
ҵ״̬ˣǼֲˣĲ̼ʽ
ǲΪ֮ݡ 
ʱɵļ˫̥ŮͶ
תɵжˣǣɿʼһû
Ů 
ʯ̨ȻΧŽǧˣʱǼž⣬
˴ʱı鶼ϣǳճյĿʯ̨ϣ˵
вһ̵̷һΪʥĻ 
ʱȴҲȥˣ˵Ļͷ
ľͬʱҧסļ򣬻ǲסĲ 
ûжûнƿΪ֪ôô
кҧסԼļֹķ
ĬĬĳżͷľʹµ§סƵĺһֻ
ḧĺ󱳣Ըο־ 
ʱ˫̥Ůһζ˴˸ƣں漴¶ϲɫ
һʶһز֮ǰÿһγͽǰŮ
һ෴ÿһβ붼ŮǰһһŮ
ɾͱĸڡ 
ͶŲϿںڵԽԽûڣһԵ˫
̥ŮͬʱڲϵĵǶȣ˵תƽѾûͶ
ڽˣȫͱ뵽ǵĸǻһ
ǲҲʹ֣ҺֹǴʱͶ
ͱǷһļҾҲ
֫ı˴ʱܵļʹ࣬Ϊµ˵۾
ļ鶼͹ˣ鼫ȵ 
˫̥ŮȻǵһˣַ쳣죬ûһ˿
ѪҺӳſͱԵѪҺȫɵڲп 
ɵԽͱԽпѪҺҲԽԽ󣬶Ͷŵ
ͷҲʹ־ʹҲ֮谵ȥֱͷ­ĳ״
¶ȫʧȥ˹ 
ͶȻʧȥѪҺҲ֮ϡ٣˫
̥ŮתƽɣӲɼĸǻ裬
󾹴˵ĸﴩɴǵԴͬʱ
˴뷢һƺ漴γһŨİɫҺ
Ůﻺ 
ʱʯ̨µһȺ˷󻶺·һΪϲ
һ㣬Ǳ߶еԭһصıʱҲһ˿Цݡ 
ſͷΪʲôش飬Ҳ̧
ͷĿȥȴʯ̨ϵͶģʱȶ
վˣ߶µļҿ뱧š 
ҡǻȥɡɫ԰׵ĵ 
Ҳã˵ͷ֪ǰһĻԼҲǿͷ
˵޵ˣҪٴȥ֪ӻʲô
̬ȥΪ 
ǣ§뱧뿪ѪȶӵֳȻǰ
кȴʢ˵ʲô滹ףʽ
ͬͣ岻ʣͻȥϢΪˣˣҲ
ֻա 
ص䣬Ƶһ¾ֱ䣬ſͰϿ
ű߿Ӳҡҡͷ㲻Ҫˣ㲻Ҫ£
ֿԡ 
ɡҲô֪ỹô̺ԭ
ʼ鷢ƺðŻ²ͣЪɫ԰׵ֱһָؿڣ
תͰϡ 
ˣ˾ͱˣϴһϴȻúϢһ°ɡ˵ţ
Ҫת뿪 
ȵȡ 
ͷôˣʲô𣿡 
գ۾Եýֿһϴòã˼ڶ
е㺦¡ 
Ȼûоܾɣ˺ܿԣվԡͷ±˴˻
ŶԷͿĨԡҺһϾͲ˰ɫĭԵûֿɰ
ŶԷЦˡ 
ʱֳͷʼһ㽫ϵĭȥϸϸˮ
ˢͬʱһ߽ྻҲǰ 
֮ 25£
ߣͥŲ
2018/12/20һ
7579 
Ѹ48£⸶ǰ˽ţ 
һֳͷϴϵĭһ־͸ϴĵط
ֱխһ˿ݵļԡҺϴļ⻬ϸ壬
Ľף˳֮£ǽʵ̵ͦ˫Σḧţﵯ
ʵʶĽݿϣһ˫βһ¶Աȡ 
ϿݿϣβǸʣŸǿӾ
۽ʵ£ƾʤϲֹһˣǵúݿϣ
βʱỬָ׾Ƶƨɣ
طͼΪĽ¶еԣָ޷
ȻƳⱼߣǿйء 
ͷתǰ棬Ǳĭڸǵ鷿СȲλһһ
ǰȻѾˣȻԽĿε
ס 
ʵģƲݿϣͦͷ飬Ŀٰݿϣ
һͷ鷿û󣬵Ƶıã˫
ʣСƽ̹ʵûһ˿׸⣬鷿ǷǳͦΣ˿û
󣬴Ӿ˵һҲݿϣǶԺ顣 
ܵǳдһ˿ԵĿԼѲ鲻
ıеʵһϴ貢ûʲô뷨
ԼϾǰһĻʵ̫Ѫȣֲ̫ˣ
ھһ˴ĺ£Ҫ 
ȻĶǳĿ⣬һ¾͸о
ĳڱѣһͷʱ̾
ʹΡΡһŹ֦ϵӣҡ 
Ҳʮ־ԼʲôʱôЩ˼ĳ
ЦЦҲе㲻ʾסߣ 
ɷ̾Ϣ漴ǽͷӵһߣ˫ְ
Ƶ˫ϣ΢΢̻⣬ЦЦһ㷢Ȼ
Ĺȥ 
Ѫʮϣľɡ״Ĺͷܲ
ңһжΪ̧֮һֻ΢ЦĿţ
ǹжʱо˿˿ģ¶һЦſ˺
ĹͷС 
һֻסĸһֻں§סƨɰ꣬
ڶκܲĿǰƶʹʪ
ĺ촽ʱʱ֡ 
Ŷܺãԡһ㡭ǽڣһ
á 
ϲʱƹͷʱۣʱĻ̧飬
۲ķӦ¶ɫ͵ı󲻽ֵֿ⣬
ͷļ⣬˫ֶƵ󣬱סƨɣȻһ룬һֱֻ
ССȻ˴뾥ͷһʺ 
ˬòһƺ˫ֲɱסƵͷͦţŬ
ùͷͻǵԽĹؿ 
ء 
Ʊ࣬۷ף㱳ȥֻƴĴƨɣ
ͬʱš 
ȻѣʶԼһʱʧˣæɿԺ˫֣
ոΣȻĺһǸ
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡 
һҿԣðֹסȻзỨĽܲ
ܱôֱ 
Ц˼һʱˡ 
𣿡գգۣһЦʵҲҺԡ˵ţ
һסǰߣһ¡ 
ǼȲ͵ߡ 
Ƶͷ̧۵һɱˣһԼ 
ЦŵͷҲЦˣ漴ֽǰһ㷢۵ߣȻ
ſ촽׼½Уɾʱ 
˲һۣ漴յҳȥһ£ܿ
 
ͷһ¹ͷһЦȥɣҵ㡣 
һԡΧԡңſڴһ˭ 
ҡ˵գ漴ѹһЩūҴ
Ÿ 
һƺ֪ʲô漴Ŵ򿪣ֻվͲ󣬹
Ҳʮĺк漴СūҪҴ
ȥ档 
ū 
ԣ 
ھȥ 
ţԤҲˣû취ˡ 
ŶǺãһ·һ¡ 
õģ 
ص䣬ҲΧԡˣɫ첻æ
ôˣ˭ţ 
ݿϣҪңӦʲô£Ǹҵùȥһˡ 
ŶݿϣǸŶҲҪȥ 
һ漴뵽ƺܿʶݿϣĸףƺ
˵ʲôҪĻҪ˵ǵͷðɣǻ·
㣬ݿϣͲܼˡ 
˺ܿ컻·ţǸкſںţĻ
ƣһ㶣¶ɻĿ⣬漴ҵѣҲһ
ݡŶū 
ǡкɫɡ 
ûʲôǣģұ֤ūǳԸɷ˵ 
ǡǺðɣǸ 
кǰ·Ƹ߳û˳ǰ
ǹ׵һС˺üԶһƬС 
ע⵽˴ǾƿĵطСֺǰ
ֵһƬĲƺǰԼİ״һΪΰĽ
ýΪ죬ϸһⲻĹֻǹı
档 
кǰĹһ޴ʯǽһȲ
۵Сųǰкŵȥ¥׵
䣬ūš 
ͷһŬ죬˱߽һ¥ֱͨ棬
˱㰴պк˵ֱ¥׵䣬һƿһ
Ũˮζ˵Ļ 
ءҡ 
ݿϣһѱסͬʱͼ͵Ҫ˵˼֮飬һ
ͷһˣʱһУæɿ˫
֣תתȥ 
ԭݿϣʱ½㣬ȫ㣬ͷϹ˸
žӨâʯ׽黷һ￴
ܹڿ㣬ʵ˵ڿ㵹˵ǼƤɵڿһ
Ķ 
Ҳ˲ϸˣǰһסݿϣ˫£
˵Ǹѣĸһ£ҵ־ 
ݿϣԶʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫæתƼģ۾
һµɵϴ죬һ𾪣ݿϣ״ɫͨ죬ʶ˫ֽ
汧ǰӲ 
Ŷ찡ҿݿϣ΢һ˿
 
״ʵ죬ӾǿԼ˵ģ
㰮ģͬٷģƽҲڱֳ⸱ģ
 
ݿϣĸоһƱֳ⸱Ӹе֣ͬʱ
Ҳе㲻Ծ̬£е޴ˡ 
ݿϣ㲻ʶưǰһѱסݿϣ
ˮ˳ 
ơݿϣ૵ţȻһͬʱҲһѱס
ƣһŵƣɪŮƣ 
ɿ§ŵ˫֣ݿϣͷǵġ 
ݿϣ棬һνƽסƣ
桭㡭ûû뵽Ⱳӻܼ㡭ء 
ءҲǡ 
޳˵ŮҲΪпԭһԺѵ
ƺݿϣ˷ָ֮ȴ֮ңķˣһ
һʽ޳ 
ݿϣԼ϶Ҫ˵ƺԼĿģ
ƱͷʹһʱûҪֹͣļ˼ŸòҪҪϣ
ȻʱһͳȻͬʱݿϣȻ
һ΢΢﷢һ͵͵·ѹʲô 
ȻҲˣɿסݿϣ˫֣ɻһ£ͬ
ʱʲô 
ǣǡҡݿϣͨ죬־ 
ʱѾǴﴫˣٿݿϣ
иˣʱҲ˶ߣɳԾһסһָ
⡭ 
ݿϣܼ߳ˣϰ˳壬ϰֱʩԼ
ֶ߳ܶΣǴʱһʶеô
߳ܣСʱĺѰ˴֪֪ףݿϣ߳ܵ
ס˫סһǲϴָˮһһʵļ
ֱʱ顣 
ƺʲôǰ§סݿϣװģⲻ
Ĵһ뿪⣬㲻ˣص
 
ģݿϣһ̧ͷɫϲۺϣ 
ģұ֤˵𣿡ת׿ 
ʵûܰٷְٽݿϣɴʱϣĿ⣬
ŵҲֱ˵ʵ뷨ֻõͷʾͬ⡣ 
ݿϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҫ˵ʲôʱǸƵʺȻˣ
øˣͬʱݿϣһУСȥ
ҧüһš 
⡭ٴǸ㴩ȥ𣿡ģһߡ 
ݿϣ˵ͷʹȴһ˿ãȻڼţ
ǰֵ˷ܵӣԼ
һ˿Ҳᶪʧ 
ŶܲܰɶĶõƽ
 
ûûõġûԿ״򲻿ġݿϣ˵ţһ
 
ŶҲа취Ŷ 
ǰϸݿϣ´ٴڿ㣬
ΧϵһȦһԼ幫ҿƤǰεƤɲ
סͺһСƨɣȻͨƤ
ǰλãλɲ¡ 
üͷһ壬ٴƺΪݿϣ
һ㣬ǳýϣŮ͹ĿǾǿǲܵģ
ʿƤȥּӲƺĳֽƤ
һüҲƻ 
ôܰⶫ𣿡æʡ 
ҡҡͷ̾һԿףȻ¡ 
һʧ 
˵˵ˣ⡭ûûԿǴ򡭡򲻿ġ 
ݿϣһһĿУʹã
Ǽ߳ܣָо尾췢ˣʱһֱѹ͵
оӿĺˮȻҵͻƿڣһйҲܲסˣ
ȻһУһµڵϣϺװţ˫
һ±ֱɸ 
ð죬ƲҧǸ
ɱ 
ɱ嶯һ 
˦һۣݿϣϰԼϣ
ȻǸϻ쵰ÿ춼ôĥ𣿡 
ݿϣãȻն˵ʧһĻ
ˮҲ֮ۿ۽ǣĵ˵ͷ
Ƶļͷ 
ݿϣĺ󱳣οӺܿͽˣҷģ
һ뿪⡣ 
ţšݿϣʹĵͷȻһ´Ƶļ̧ͷ
Ƶǡҡ˵Ҫ͸Ǽˡ 
ƺһһλһۣʱǰ
׶ô˵ģ 
ݿϣͷǵģǸͷ˲̸֪ʲ
ô˵׼͸ǼˣðҾ
¸㣬㣬һҪ취ҴߣҪ䵽Ǽ
㡭 
Ŷݿϣȱ𼱣һ뿪ġæο 
ֹ֪ΪʲôͻȻúõҪݿϣ͸
ˣղ˵ǸͷӦ֮
ĳֽףֻ£ϵô˵¶
ϣǺܲģûаܴҪݿϣֶǼ
ˣɹݿϣ뿪ϣ͸ãˡ 
ʱȻ˼èеݿϣɫһ䣬漴
ˣУҪˣȻҲǾͲˡ 
˵䣬ݿϣȻĵվȻҡˡ㣬
ǡ˵ţȻø˵Ķ˵ˣ˵Ҳû̫˼ˣǳ
Ͷȥһధתȵ߳˷䡣 
˿ݿϣ뿪˷䣬ֽĿתղǸ
λãֻһ̯ˮգ˾鸴ӣʱᶨ
ھȥݿϣ͸㡣 
ڣ 
ǵģѾûʱˣֱ˵ 
˼һᣬ˵ĶԣҪݿϣ͸Ǽ
ˣٳһ˵˶ҪǴˣǵͷãȥ
Ҫݿϣ͸ҡ 
ǻʲô 
ƻ䣬漴űƿǸк
æˣλǸо뿪ɡ 
Ҫ㻹ֱӴȥɡ 
õģҵ£˴ȥ 
ͷ漴ںкԭ·棬Ȼ
棬ţʱкһˣ˼䣬
˵ͷߵƸǰλ 
˴ƽ˹漴ָɳλԵȣȥͨ
һ¡ 
Ƹûһ˱ˣ̻о
ˣϢˣԡ 
⡭Ǻðɣǹһ˵գһۣ˸
εơ 
Ŷ˵ˣȻۣ𾴵ĿˣҪǲ
ܾġ 
£ôһȦһԵ¶ϲɫ
漴Ҫһȥȴǰס˵ˣֻλ 
Ȼ漴Щɥʼ磬Ƶļ
ʾȻȥｻԼˣ漴һϿĻ¥ݣ
ֱ¥һ߹հ֮һȿŮĺ˫ǰ
ͣ 
ˡ 
ΪǰѾͨҲ˵˿ţȻ
 
ͷ˽ȥ䵽һɫɫĲᣣ
巿ȫòҲ֪䵽ж󣬵ȻˣҲû
Ӱ 
߳һϸϸᣬ
һ¾ݿϣǻ鶯ʱ
Ҳʹ࣬мֿ־度µζ档 
΢֪ڸʲôǽŲӿ죬
ݿϣʱϵǸٴѾȥˣɳ㣬
һɫĿ˿࣬ŲȺɫĸ߸Ьֱֻ۱ȸ߸߾
Ϊ˫ֱһɫסˣȻһϣ
𣬽˫һߡ 
ĲվݿϣߵǸŮݿ
ϣͬװ㣬˿Լµĸ߸Ьͬɫ
ɫġ 
Ůһɫңϴһ˿ϷŪЦݿݿϣ
ָסİһɫңťϣװ컨ϵĻеװ
÷һݿϣ˫۱߸ıֱҲ
ֱֻŵطͣ 
ʱݿϣҲ߽ԭ־һ
ûüʲôעͱϴľʹתƹȥˣҪ֪
ʱǸܳȫأĻǿϵĵ
һͱҪȫעıƽ⣬򲻹ǽż⻹ؽ
ʹޱȡ 
Ŷҵѣһ־ʵһĻ
ڿɳϵһֶžƱһּѩѳһЦ 
һʹݿϣһۣ漴ɫߵǰ
ҡ 
ڰִϵҵѣȻ˵һϷ
ɷɡ 
û취ֻ̻Ҫ˵ĻתԱߵɳϣݿϣ
ŮǰԼ׾һ̨ϣȥǸ̨
ʵݳֻݳô޶ִһ˿Ű 
26 
    ʱһţݿϣĶͷʼҪ֪ʱ
ÿһ鼡ⶼڱ˫ţһҲܷɣʹ
˫ţڽżͽ׶һֱˣСȱֱս
һͿʼе֧Ųȥˡ 
    ôһһôҵأ³һ
ƵūðūҪĺÿͿˡ 
    Ů¶Цǣ𾴵˵գŮת̨ӣ
ʩʩȻתһ֪ʲôȥˣ 
    ΪݿϣһѺҪʲôĥ
ǣǲʲôˣ̽ 
    ЦİڰֵŶСèܺã
𣿡 
    ЦǰҺ⣬ǳлĿ 
    ҵѣĿˣǶõ͡ 
    Ȼǣһ۱߸ߵ𣬿֧ŵݿϣ 
    ŶⲻǳͷֻһϷһȤϷҲһ
ϲġ 
    ˵䣬ǸŮѾӲ߳ˣһһ
ɫƤޣбǾ֮ɫЦŶģ
˵ˣֻһȤϷ 
    ЦЦʱֻŮݿϣߣ΢ЦĿݿϣ
ŶװģֺõŶʧ 
    һ䣬Ůֱһšಡһƿ֮Ƥ
ݿϣĴϣʹһŬֵƽʱƣ̶
˺Ѱľʹ 
    վãŮһ߳һ߲ϵĻӶƤޣݿϣ
޳Ĵϡ 
    һʼݿϣǿ಻ԣƤ޴Ȼ˺ʹ
ģƤȾͷӲһȥȫ
һڵŵϣҪһľʹ 
    ʱԳݿϣҲյһ㼼ɣŮҪ޴Լһ
Ⱦ͸ϽһȵվͿԾƽˣŮ
޴ȣһǲͣı任֧ţ
ȻȻŤ޳ԲĴȼⲻס
һ㣬ƨɣŤµȻɢһֶеС 
    ãĿЦ 
    һֱΪݿϣĥţòϣ
ӻͦ˵ģľԵúܸڵߵĹϵ
ΣγһεձӶһָӳбƽʱ״
̬µ 
    õĿ޺ŮǿģϵĶ֪ͼӴӿˣ
ƤݿϣĴȣ˫Լϣϸܵĺ
鲻һͲȫݷһ㾧Ө󣬴ӶԵջ 
    ˣˣԿʼˡʱƵ 
    ǣ𾴵ŮƤޣת̨ȥ棬
ΪĿصһЦղֻ
ϷʵŸոտʼ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
̫ûڲԭľͷҹɫѸϮһƬڰ֮У
Ұ޵໽пʼڲԭϿջص֮ 
    ֮γԱȵڵأһƬƻԻͣǵ
ڵĴյˮ뿪յ硣 
    Ŀտȴ˿̵ڶһųѩ׵ĲͲ
˸ʽζʽ͵㣬зʽĨ۶˾ڽţţ
ȵȣȻҲٲ˵ġ 
    ڳ߷ֱˣһƺɣᣬһ
ǵˣ˴ԣڳ¾ͷȻǷֱ
ͳ¬ࡣ 
    λԶѣףǶȹһҹٱ 
    лٱԽкһʮָˣ¾
һκɣϵĺʮֳɹǵҲ˳
һ벻һ˵İҶ֪
˭ɣ 
    ˾ЦĿرǸŮ˸櫣ʱѾ
ԭһֱͦľװĳһ׻ȹʺɫӳ
غɫļ⻬ϸ壻һͷԭͷѹھñĳ
ʱɢ¶ļͷϣһƹͷǰ޵
סСӣԵˡ 
    Ķ棬üǳЦĿȻͻȣ
ˢĳ΢΢Ũܽëµһ˫ȴ֣࣬
˵ĿһϾ̲סס漴ȥ 
    ֵѪգټûʲôȻһӾͱ
ȴֲĿסܿ͸оȴһʹԭ
Աߵưһѣʹ̻ع 
    ȿȡʵһѣҲ֪˵ʲôãֻøɿ˼
漴ٱٺһںƣûһζǲ 
    Ȼ֪ƵСղССʧ̬ȴǿ
ԹЦ櫸ЦĻ֦Ҳַ̧˷ǰһƾ
бؿһλɰˣ 
    ֮һЦʱɣԶŹ
йǳúߺԸŮĿ⣬ҵֶŮǿ
ǱԵߵŶ 
    ǿ׳ĸŮ˲ڳ׵¬ٱЦ 
    ׵೤˵Ĳĳ˵˵ǿ׳뿿Ů
֣һǳǿ׳ûжŮˣһ
ǿ׳ˣ̸һǿߡ 
    һСܹһֱڳŮƽȵе
ȻʮֲԴҲʮֲмҲ׵ĵ
û¶˿ֻǲǵ̸ԹԵű
ƣȻһ仰ȴЩĺƸ˳ 
    ԭ˵һ˵ǿ׳ҪŮֵʱű
ж檣֪δȢʱԲ˼飬̫
˾ˣ벻ǵӢ۾ȻǵһˣŶɣ¾
ʧְˡ 
    ɣǺһЦ£ֲңղҲ˵ˣǸ
ֶŮǿǶߵŶҪ޸Ⱑ
ֶŮÿʵֶŮĵȷһ˵㣬ҪǴҲ
ܿģɼ۹⻹ǺܸߵģֶŮСô
ҹͳҵֶŮˣ 
    ȿȡɣЦȤǼȾָеЩ˼
Ϊ⻰Ȼǵ٩ζʵҲ޵Լ
ͻǲϵȷΪʱķǳƯԸУȷʵɣ
˵ǰôƯֵĻѱԼС 
    ôһ룬ȱԼְѣĵ
㻹δôܼһƯŮ˾ʧ̬Ҳ˱
أҪ㻹ʲô𣬵һŮͰ㶨ˡ 
    ˲֪ҷʡһĬȻӻΪ
ΪأЦЩҲݸ
ǿɰˣٴĵ֣ḧڸղǸλ
ʾο 
    ʱ櫿ЦɣллĿ佱ֶŮ
ҲһλǳɰŮǵӢۣ˵ǲǣ 
    ŶǣȻһʼûʶǶԼ˵
ֱĽżȻһŷӦæͷ͡ 
    ɣЦȥҾ͸ۣһ
˵ġ 
    ǺһЦû𣬲۾ȴԹŹֵĿһ¶棬Ϊղ
ֻڴ֮ûȥ˳֮ϣĽű
ϥǴ 
    ʲô𣿡а 
    ֮ǰľѣ˿ûΪ櫵ԵĻ
޴룬ֻ˿ĽĦо쳣
ֻСôһ㱡˿ĵڶƤ
ô˿һ¶ 
    ٿʱĸ櫣ëµһ˫ˮĿ޳
ָ̳ˮ߽űʺ͸˫űأһƺƻ
УºƤһ£¶ǣ
ˣ۾ӣңݷ
ǧ˿ҪС 
    ȷʵЩԲˣǰŮ˲ĳ޻˵
Ͷ㶼͸һݷǹ˵һһЦ
ôĹˡ 
    һ2 2 2 0 Oޒºꢴꢴꡣçm 
أ# OA NáѩOΪ˷ֹԼһʧ̬ĬĬ
СʱʦһķСʱǳƤ۸ʲô
׼оʦͽôһķķ˾ĳ
ΪӰ졣 
    ЩһֱڼϰȭϵĹ򣬶ܰ˾ģ
ԿûķѾܾûˣȻˣɶķ
ġ 
    ʱʤӣϣͷ
Ϣ״ʵյ΢۾Ĭķһ
ӣȲ㽥ƽϢ 
    ϯȻ֮أ궯һõ˺תָֻܻ
ΧｻԼԽԽ󵨵 
    ԭϢ״ʱĸ櫷ǵûջֻĽţ
䱾ϥǴ֮们Ǳ˿Ľֺ΢΢
𣬻Ƥϣоһļ¡ 
    ĴڲĦ˼ºֻСžȻٶ룬ֱ֮
ǲλʱҲܱܣˣĻʲôķ
Ҳˡ 
    ǣϣ˫һУֻһֱСŶʱ㱻εļ
Ĵȸ֮䣬һֱ۲ϣɧ޵ĸ櫲ɵɫһ
Ȼ쳣ɫֻһţ漴ٶбףʱ
һ˿ζͬʱֻСſʼ֪ȤĻسˡ 
    ߣ˰ûôסȷø֪Ѷ
ˣҪ˵һ˲ͻȻı⣬òһֱ
˾ô߾ߣҲҪú÷һ²С 
    櫽飬ȴûг鶯΢΢һ漴һֻ
Ż˿ãЩˣʼسֻˡ 
    ˵ԼɿĻ˵Ǹˣǻ
Աߵλ״ţҪѽŴеȼҲ¡ 
    Ÿ΢ԾŵвɰЦĵٺ٣
ϷҲͦҲֵˣúóһ±Ūζ 
    ӵһ֣˻Ǳų̬
ʹ̸Цֻб˴͸һ˿ĽϾ 
    ˼ζûг鶯ֻűеԽԽʹˣ¸
Щŭˣɴ̧һֻţֻûȥ߸Ьô
ֱӲһֻϣʼš 
    Ȼû׶ЬȣǰڽΪƽ̹
Ľƴһ˫۲ǷֵͶŭĵ 
    ҵңôʰ㣿׽Ū֮İһ
ֻ쵽ӵ£һ˿Ľģʱֻ櫻
һ£žƱҲŻζһ£ĺƶЩ˳ 
    һ쳣ʱ˵ע⣬¬ʿĹеŶ
С㣬û°ɣ 
    Ŷû£ղֻССǺһ£ллĹġ櫱һ
ȥ 
    Ŷû¾ͺã¬һЦҾĸСһ
 
    ллŵľƱպ¬һ£΢
ڡ 
    Ҫ׽ŪȾƵĵһһĽģʱ
ȻһЩûղʧ̬ɫ糣һ
ںơ 
    ȻʱֻҪϸĲ쿴ܹóһЩߵģ櫵һ
ֻԭĴϣ˿ȴǵķŵ£ľס
һԭĵʱǱ˸ĺ촽ţ
Ҳû֮ǰȻˣʽӲ״ 
    Ÿ˵ľ̬ЦѣƤ˼£
ʱɷһߣ嶼΢΢ԿóҪѳֲ
סˣͶû˸ղŵıŭһƬ֮ɫ 
    ֪ðɣͷһˡаЦͬ
ʱҲ׽ŪĲˣɿһȡ 
    ¶ظı飬õɵֻŷɿĳ˻ȥ
գգۣʺ촽΢΢࣡һ£ָֻԭ
ַǧģ 
    Ŷ찡ղǸŮ˺ֳˡƴ׸Ķ
С˵ 
    װɵûðҲˣҿǸŮ˶˭
 
    Ƴ˸һۣ˵Ҳǲ޵欵Ů˺
񲻹ܶ˭ǸɧĹǵģһ˵ʣһ
Ůɣɺ޺޵ĵһ䣺һ˭ɧӡ 
    ΢һ£ˣһŮŶô 
    Ƥգգ۾΢ЦΪһŮſǸŮ
˵ɧ 
    һԣһ̸֣ҲǸиĻ⣬
ʱƱյ˴һ£ϯǢͬʱҲʧ֡ 
    ôԼһСʱϯϵĲȺҲ˴룬ϯӽ
βʱ΢΢ҡվ˫ֳϣɨһߣ
žƱҺܸˣΪλǵ˳Ҳ
Ϊҵ˳֮ĺΪʶһλԶ
ӢۣһΪЩһ 
    ãɱ˽վƱһ𣬷۵һ
죬һ 
    ¾Ʊ΢ҲˣҲˣҾ͸λһ
ŸλȤġ 
    ˵գߵӶ˻˻֣Ӷ˻⣬ת뿪ˡ 
    һӣ˱㽫һŷʮĵӻӰ
ͬʱӻ滹һ̨¼ŻȻһ¼Ľ
 
    ˣλС㣬Ǿȿһ¼񡣡˵ţ¼
¼Ż 
    ӻĴĻȻ󶶶˸˼£ű˻棬
һŲŵ˵ӢĻϽǻһ̨
̨꣬ûһһҵ̨Ż棬˵ī
߽ΰңɲ񣬷˺üõڿ಻ԣͬʱҲ
һλԱΪҪӴȡ 
    ʱѾлλԱϣֻһȺ߰Χʮ
Ͳ̸̸飬ʹļף
ʾһҪشǿīĹͨС飬ī
߾ĺͶɣһĶһƽ 
    һκĻһ󶶶˸Ƭѩ㣬Ļ
ٴһŻ棬ͨʾʱ䣬
ǶŲͬһʱģһµʱ䡣 
    ͷǹսĳ棬ֻϺ˵ʬǹ֧
ɢĵǣԶмȼյĽǽϣ
ϲܼĵףбѬڵĺۼɴ˿ɼʱǹսǶôļ
ҡ 
    ͨĽ˵īһϴɵĽ
һεĴǹٶؾ˵ǹģ൱һΡ 
    һεжУϾһ󣬻ΪⱵĶ
ŻΧˣ׼֣鱨ȡ˼ĳɹһ
˶нˣٶˣǵһͷĿˣ
һٲⱵĶŻ 
    󣬾ͷһתôԱֳ˻ϣղǼߵı
ȣʱüɫ裬־ 
    վͷ֣ȫװؾǰΧ
߰˸ߣǸ߾ٻͲ¼ԱһΧ˶ɵս 
    Σҡҡͷ¼ʱ
Ļֵתһ棬һβųˣǳһ̨
̨ϲƹѤ̨һƬѹѹȺݷڽһ
ݳ 
    ȻһҵһŰȹŮߵ̨
ģϯһϢ漴̨ϵĸֵƹ
ҲȫϨֻһյӶ£ŮС 
    Ůأ˫ƽ죬ֵĽ趯ֻӯ
࣬Ʈɣ趯һֻɭеС¹һֻϵ
ѩΣôֱϢգĿ 
    һգϯʱͷŹϯһ
дĻˣһǰǸԱֻ
װģЦݣػɫͷһ˿ңԱһȥӺ
ݹһײüİɫװȹϻŰɫ˿
ףһͷ𷢱߸ͷϴһСññ˿ס
Եޱȸ߹ 
    Ůϯľһ̧̨»лƹ
˷ܵЩϣʱͷָһд˵沿ˣ
һ˿ı仯˺֣˳֮˶ɵɴ
۾ԭİ裬ʹŮԭǸʱʱ
ڵأһ˿ϵİŮū

27 
Ȼûκνͣе˶жϳǸ
ԱŮĸףԱǸӺݹĸףΪ
üĿ֮ϡ֮ 
ţĻֵһ¼һŻ棬˵
һŸīݳʱһݵװŻϮųԱ
ء 
ŵĲʱ䲢Ҳֻȼ˵ȴʶ
ŵĲѰ֮ΪⲻǾ֮ĽսĻ
Ϯ޹ԱһǿҡƱػ
⽻Ȼ󲨡 
¼֮еңر˵ӣ
ˣλС㣬¼Ѿȫ꣬⼸¼ļ¼
򣬾ͺ 
ʱ櫺ȻԳЦŶղǸŮ
è𣿡 
Ȼѵ㿴𣿡Ц 
òû仯콿Ц
 
ЦС㣬֪ˣè˿
ߣȻñֳñֵӣ˿ٻص̨ôɿ
Աֵʹһ࣬ 
櫹ȵŶ̫˳Ծˣ 
ЦС㣬֪Ҫǵ
ﲻֻߵһŮū˰ɣͷɲСأǲŵŮǣ
īһȽ񣬿˵һʱķŶ 
һߵɣȴ̯һֵŶ˵ô֣һû
鵽ôһأ˭Ҿ˵˵Ǻǣ 
ǻ˵˵ɡ¬Ц 
ݿϣ* ˣ֮ǰ¼ǸԴ
ĲԱĸףв* һͣ
Ϊ£ѡҲΪ˸Ժľѡ֮·̵棬ѡī߾Ķս 
ī߾ʥٻɣ˹άĦ˹߽
ǧ๫ԸºΪ磬жδԽŵɳĮɳĮ
ξʥ缰ٻɶ̫ƽ󰶣羰仯ˣзĶ
Ҳһ޼ʵɳĮƫԶش 
ڱ߾ߺܳЩΪƫԶĵشְܲžϾ˼
˴ķǷ񼰶Ʒ˽뱩ֱأ
ʹñ߾һΰʮ⣬бŻĻ𲢣Ҳ޹
ˣԵصľԴʮֲǿҪ 
ԴˣĵҲʮֿգǲǲǷͶƷ
˽ʵȵһǵľޣ˳ı߾
ǲ㵽ģ⣬Ǳ߾ŲԽִ
ЩŻֻҪһī羳Ǿ޲ߣ֮
⻹иҪһ㣬ǾЩɣŻ൱󣬴Щͨ
ҵѪȱ 
Щԭī߾ıﰸһֱӸ߲£
˾֪Ҳ൱ī޹⣬
Ҳ޿κΡ 
ֱ£ѡī߾ı¶ŻսΪ
ԺԱλȨЩطԱܱģǿ
Ԥƶ£īֳС飬ⷽ治ؾ
ӶɹһЩЭ˵ǿǰġ 
׼֣ټǿһεϴȻǳЧȻī߾
ŵװŻ˳ҰӪı֯һ򾡣
֯һţͷĿСͷĿǱǱ
˵װŻȫݻˣһεжͱý֮Ϊж 
װŻĸ𼫴С֯ʹһʱ
߾ϵΰõ˴ĺתؾҲʮ⣬
ʹòõ˴ߣپýһѡе֧
ʴһٳΪһݳѡ 
īҲһεϵΪ˽һǿ
ĺҲΪףһεʤΧ˶ɣĻԼɳ
˲ĻȥīнݳоͰ֪İš
졣 
ɺϵǣŮݿϣǰŵĳԱȻҲ
īݳȻ˭Ҳû뵽ǣһεݳУ⵽˲װ
Ϯ˺üԱˣеݿϣǱװӰˡ 
һ¼īһ飬֤ʵϮŵװӾ
ҰӪĲӣɲͷǱеҰӪһͷĿĶӣ
з˹쵼ϮȻΪ˱֮ǰīСҰӪ
ΧˣһݿϣȫĿģԵıΧҰ
Ӫĳ߲ 
ʵϣݿϣǲŮһϢûй֪һϢ
ֻ˼֪˹ȴԴָƣīе鲻
ôˡ 
ʧȥŮĲļ٣켰ֵ̽Աӽ
ҪȳԼŮīǱҲͶ˴Ͼ
Լ˲⣬޹⣬ܵǱʩӹǿ
ѹǾԴ˰иɡ 
֮ԼʩӸīѹǼưΪԼҲ
ܵ˲СѹΪ˰ýһȫȻעűܵ
ϣˡ 
߲Ĺע£µǰ참ܲûж೤ʱ䣬
ҰӪĲͱīһˣͷ취˹ҲܻȻ
ܵݿϣȴӰ 
ī羯˷˹üΣݿϣȥֱ
ѶרңȽ̵ֲѶֶʹϣ˿˵죬
֪ݿϣѾ˸ױǵһͲī羳ˡ 
֪һѶϢʵеޱȼ֣Ҳ˵ݿϣһαת
ĿܣûбתҲȷǸ٣Ҹױ
ֲȣװţԺǽܵĺϵҪ
ȳݿϣأϣã 
ȻһϢҲܶ⹫ϾΪһܾȳԼ
һʵ£ҪǱý֪϶ִʷͬʱҲ
Ұ£ֻöѳݿϣѾ⡣ 
ΪˣΪߵΪݿϣѾէȻ֪
ߵŮūʱȵ˵¬˵ǰ
֮ԼͨһԼҵƭˣͬʱʹ
εڰʲôȨȨǰǲһ 
ܴʱƵļֵ˼ĳעص㻹Ǹղ
˵ݿϣ͸Ǽ˵²
չȥ㲻˵Ѿ㶨ݿϣô˵
Ǽ˵ 
Ǻǣ𼱣ЦЦһгģ 
ƺɵĿ˿֪«ʲôҩܴʱ
ޱȣԲϸʱû취ֻѹºľ䡣 
ǳл⡣ 
ʱ˸˷֮ɫԭΪݿϣһͨİ
ŮūԶʾǲΪ⣬ȴû뵽ıȻ˲
ǸŮߵļֵǴˣԭһֱǵΰǸŮ
㵽֣ھȻѴ֮͵õôҪһˣܲϲ
⣿ 
Ȼһ仰ڸһˮֻһЦ
ŶΪ̹ɣϺ͹ѺãȷʵҪİİè͸
ǣһССı仯 
һݣͶȥʵЦЦǵӢҲ
èܸȤҪŶԡеΪˡ 
ŶҲǸŮūȤתͷɫ
һƤЦⲻЦģ 
ǵġʼϲϲ
塣 
ɫøˣʱȻ项һ죬ѴҶ
һѭȥԭĻϣͬʱվ۶ݺݵ
٣йСӣˣŲŤĲӡ˵ţʾ
һ첲չʾ첲һ¡ļ⡣ 
λһ¬ɫһ
ǰ 
ɫһ䣬ƺԵúֻܲһȣ£
ǰ񡣡 
ҡƺ⣬ȴͶһĿ⣬һ
㬵 
˹ҵʾǸ⣬ϣ
ղŵ񡣡 
ӷһߣûлشȻղŵıַǳջ
ǹ˼ǵͷ⼸˺ȥȡһЩֶζ
ܡ 
Դˣıı浱ȻдĦ߰˷֣ЦЦ
Ϣŭһȥһǵΰ俨תͿ
һ顣 
ɫתһЩʵҲȷϹϵ
ϾڷһصĴټһڷ
綼γһӰܺĹҹһĹϵͽ
̹ɣԼкôģݿϣ͸ǣȻ
ǽڶѺõĹϵ 
⣬һʼǲΪȻһεǶ
ͳŮڣѾˣҲ
ˣԶʾúͽύͲϣʵҲ
ƧĹע㻹Ůϡ 
Ϊˣ沢ûжʾʲôӦҲ
ڲľ棬ϾݿϣֳֻһʾãûӦ
Ůūûȷ͸ˣ֪Ůūݣȴְ·ɱ
ǸйСӣ֪ЩˣҪõǸŮūòŵһ
̬ 
𾴵˼ǣ̽ 
ʵı⣬ݿϣ͸⼸ˣϾ
ĳԣܺϹϵԺĺôԶ׼ģһЩ޶
ʱ̬ȣҲȹҲûر˼ңغ 
ѡ˵һ⣬Ѿ⣬ֻ΢
΢һЦèǶҪΪ˹ƽ뵽һ⡣ 
Ŷʲô⣿治ɫ 
һССϷ˭ʤè͹˭ô㹫ƽɣ 
Ŷ 
ӿڴһĶǰ˻εǿ
ʲô 
ֻ֮õֻһôԲ
ȥܾ£οյ񻨣ԿϣϴĹ쿴ȥΪӣе
ָеԿ϶ǣһװ 
ŶʲôָŶȥ̫񰡡С 
ǺǣȻ֪ˣӦûԾġ΢΢һЦ 
¶ɻѯ񲻽Цһ
Ů˵ϻŮ˸ӵˣҲ˸ӵĿܡ 
˶ʱȻȴвͬ˾¶Цݣ
ǵɴ۾ȷʵԤϵˣڸ櫣
ֳһ˿ζЦݡ 
Ϸܼ򵥣˭С̵ʱժ˭Ϳ
Եõè䡣˵գƣ漴Ļ¥Ͽ
ˣһȫŰۣһȫźۡ 
˰ƶһ㵣˶û뵽Ȼôһ
⣬ʱֵֻã˫һŮʿλŮʿ
Ϸô 
ԣ櫶Ϊ֮һ漴Цðҽ
ܣϷһȤģ 
֮ԵΪŮڴ
ȤͲԼĶ֣ǸȻȥΪӣ
ԼҲûʶƾԼⷽľӦѲģٿ
ŮߣһƵӾ֪һ֪Լ϶Ӯ 
ʵҲȷϣƴʱּңȫûףȱ
˵ǸûˣǰһͨԲŮ۵
طȥժ¿ֶһʱᶼ㲻ˡ 
찡ô죿ҲаС 
ЦЦͶȥһᶨȻסһֻ֡ 
ѽ˵𡭡 
żԹʱȻоһǾԼֱǿ
ϥϣſϣƲס˿ڣȻЩɵĿ 
գգۣ¶һ˿Цݣһ漴
од֣Ҳҵͷ¿ֻƾодĵ
ʲô 
һдֺܼ򵥣׾͸одĶ
֣һȻһһ漴־뿪ˡ 
ʲô˼أƲĿȻʱǱߵĸ
ʾ뿪λŮȥûʱõ
һİʾˡ 
ȥɣһʤġƵļ򣬳Ͷȥһ
 
ҡ 
ƻ˵ʲôʱǱߵĸЦɣߣȻ
ȨĻһҲģǲǣ˵գ׸
һۡ 
һЦÿɷյĵ˸һۣ漴첽
ȥ˷ֱվһһŮ˵ǰʱɵһ
ھƣȻƵʼɡ 
ŮӸԽƿʱչƺ͸
櫵ǰӵڵǿĲ̫С 
ΪŮӾݿϣƿӺŷֲǣ
ǰŮǸˣ߸ǰǸŮͬҲһ
ˣȻò¶ϸ޳˫ȾͿԿŮӺ
ᣬҲ 
ȻʱҲ˲жǰŮӵòˣĿѸ
ŮӵϣһǣǽӲӵȻŮ۵
λϣ鲻ԽһҪ⴩ԼǸǶ
ôʹͷȻðһ亹 
ʱƺȻһϸ΢Ƴһԭߵĸ
Ѿʼˣֻ޹˼ɵϵ俪ϴ
㶯£ŮԭƤסѸͲѳ˰Ƥ
ΡΡģһ˿Ө 
һٺ˼ˣæҲʼоǰŮ
ûб̼ԱƤסһСڰƤ
·ҪƤӲҪĻԼ
²֡ 
ĺƺܿ췢Ҫȡ»治һ׵£ʵ
һʼҲԤϵˣͨͨҲ
ˣϸĹ۲죬ƷĿϴеƤİۣһ
һۣһ˿ԻʹȦɴСʼ޷Ӻϴ
˷ֿ 
һŪ޷Ӻϴ˷ֿƲЩżˣٿһ
ĸ櫣ҲòȥʼջǰŮӵϣ
ᣬק̼ǸŮҺ乶£
ʱʱʹߣӼվסˡ 
ţ侲侲һа취¡ 
ﰵΪԼͬʱɿ˼δ
ʱղԼİʾϸ˼һᣬȻһ֣
漴Լ뵽ȥһϸ΢ġ꡹˵ĽӺϴ
ķֿˡ 
ŶҴˣ 
ƼˣͬʱѾǰŮӵժ
Ӳӵ߸߾˷ܵĳһ˻š 
ãáƴЦ漴ɫѾüΪѿı
ʼŶźҲּ⡣ 
ʱĸ櫻ǸŮӵǰתͷ˷ܵĻ
ϵĽɫϵı·ˣ۾¶֮ɫ 
ŶҵѣèˣȻҾ˰͵ķ䡣
 
Ҳ漴΢Цıʾл⣬ĵͷȻһܵ
ˣȻϯҹڼλҹ
ɣףλȹһҹ 
Ȼ֪һǽˣǶվһ
Ŀ뿪˴Сһߣ˶֮ϯ 
˷ܵĸ첲Ҫ׼뿪ʱȻСҲ
˰ɣǺǣǸŮūӦþͬˣǲǶԼͬʲô
뷨 
һǳɫµµһת漴⻰ʲ
ô˼Ҳף 
ζһЦûʲô˼һ򵥵ʻѡ 
ޱʼȻȨش򵥵
 
˻һ浹ûʲôһߵȴɫһ䣬ҪȻ
ȴʱֹסȻȲҵ£ͬʱ
ҲҵϽΧ㵱ȻȨشҵκ⡣ 
һתͷǱ棬Եʮָ߰ñ
ԸееΣԴеЩŭֽȭͷ
ʱܳȥ߰㲱 
28 
λѧԺĸ̹һ׾Ŷ࣬Բվ·
һ֮£߲һߣϸôСټ
˿̵ŭɷһ㣬ֻ첲ϵļ
ֻֽճȭϹؽ֨֨죬˿ȥһֻ
ʦʱһ˺Ƭ 
Դˣȴ治ɫĲӵƳһۣٶ
һȻͷҲصжȥȻѱ˷ 
֮ԵǿƣһȻΪԸԭ򣬵Ҫ
̣Ȼˣţߣ˭Ҳ
۸Ҳþκˡ 
ʵȷˣȻĵ̣˿Է޴
ǣ䱴滹һУβͣϹϾ
ƲһССļߣһԲѺùҶʮ
ǿϣôҲҪСʩͽһ¡ 
ȻȻӰڵʮ㣬һ˭ҲӣĻ
˼ɵģΪ˷ֹ֦ڣ첽뿪۲Ϊ 
椣ƢͦƵıӰЦ 
¬һЦ˼ҿģһƢ 
ôǵĹҵĿɲǡ˵ţ
¬ɣ˵椺ѣһҪΪ
񸶳ۡ 
ɣǺһЦͷСŶһ£û
κ̵ĻҶһ𣿡 
üͷ˼ѵйٷ 
Ǻǣµû˺ҹ½ıѣ
ﳩͨ裬ǵϰ嶼ͬǲһε⡣ 
ɣЦ 
Цһѹ֣ǲӼƽȫǿ
ϣǿɲʲô½ı룬˶壬
½ı 
һǵȻ֪޴½綼֪𾴵Ŀ
УںӲӲһǿǺ¬Ц 
¶һ˿ЦݣȻ˵ֻΰ
俨ƸںжһǴҲÿɫ¡ 
¬ͷʾͬ⣬⵹Ӧͣʶޣ
ƽʱźͱֽԹʼĴǺģ֪ҲǷ
޷ΧڵһЩ¡֪޻ǳҸҺ
ҲͶԱĻΪȻ 
浭һЦˣͶѹѾõ˳ͷ
ǵҲˣǸˣ¬೤תһлл
Ϻдټ 
ڣ¬ԳԾ춼ˣ߰ɡ 
ˣǵҹϻȥˣټ 
˵ţתȥæϣ
ǲŶУΪʲôҹ뿪ѵǸŮǾô
𣿡 
˵أɫʮֲơ 
΢뵽ղžΪԼǸŮ߲ŵ
ʧȥŮūʱˡ 
ǵòҪģ𣿡Ǳ
֮ǰ뿪⣬Խ뿪Խгʱ䲼üƻ 
Ļֱ˷ܵˣҪǻȥ·
ǣŮǲǣ 
죬ﲻµĵطһŭ⡣ 
١УԲ𡭡 
ˣѳӿҹ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
찡ô֪ǸĿģһصסƾȲ
סʵ 
֪ 
ȻҲ֪ҽ˯ŵġ 
ǺһЦԺһ߻һĻһ߾ͽ˵˳
ʱݿϣ߸ߵһ޴֮ŸϷʽʼˡ 
˵ʵڵģʱҲΪϷʲôʵ֪
ǱŵݿϣҲеŪͬǺ棬ݿϣ
ţ־壬ǲӣͳ˵㡣 
ǸŮܿһδӲ˳һõĲƤޣ
һ̣ͷҽþƾǩһӲӣ;µԲ
 
һ¾ˣԾŴͣŽͰ͵Ŷ
ҵ찡ѡѵҪݿϣǡǵط 
ЦǵģʱҲ֪ݿϣһ¾֪
ͼµҡͷ־Ҫ 
Ŷˣ̫ˣͳ 
ʱȻ֪ҪʲôݿϣķӦ
ЩҪһĶҲ֪϶ڸղű޴Ĳ̡ 
Ҫ̲ס 
èͷϵ𣿡ŬŬ 
ͷʱŵҪٶһλ
è䣬ҵչʾһ¡ 
ŮԳһЦתߵǰȻ濪˫ȣһ
ʱȫչ¶ǰʱſŮ϶˴һ
𻷡 
ΪĸŮϹһֳֻ˵ϣ
ͬһţһֻ쵽£ʳָָߣ
Ȼһ֣ԭô۵Ľɫȫֳ 
Ůڣ쳣ʺ죬϶˵ٱ
ںڵİƤȫסʹһҲڲڰƤò˵
ŮⲢ˵˼ջң˿ͷȣ
 
һĭĿƳɪɪݿϣ̶ǹ
Ե쳣ɾ˵ǰŮ
Ư࣬ʺɫ󣬾һֻ֭ı㣬
鲻ԽľѣҪһֻǱȻӵĹ
ǡ 
ôǲǷǳ޵ 
ЦһʱվһϷͬʱҲһ
ϷǵĹأ˭Ů˵ССĽ˭ͶŮ
ӵоԵȨŶѾЩȲˣ 
̨һԵĺŮֳһ룬漴
ȥ𣿡 
һ漴ĿŶ롭 
û˵̾ͽӿڵҪè䣬Ҳ
ԭ򡣡 
һֱɪɪݿϣ⻰۾ֳһ˿̶
̧ͷһڴĿȴĿ⣬ŵŲĴͷ
Ŀ⽻㣬żˣ 
粻ȻһЦŶҵѣ֪֪Ѿ
׼è͸Ǽˣ 
Ŷ𣿡ЦЦҲ֪ʲôϵأ
ھ⣬һж˵㣬𣿡 
΢һ£漴ЦŶҵѣԽԽϲ
ˣܴ 
Ǻǣлл 
ҴӦ㣬Ϸ棬ڽè͸Ǻǣ
ǿǡ 
Ļشе൱⣬ԭΪҪôͬ⣬Ҫôܾ
ȴûӦԼԼݿϣֶǷ͸Լ̬
Щ㲻ʲô˼ˡ 
˵ʵڵģ֮ҪݿϣǽҪĿģ
ʵûҪӦĻҸ
ݿϣ뿪ܾĻȻ͸ˣȻû뵽
û̬ȴӦеﻢˣɣȫû飬
Ҫ²֣ɲֿ϶ǲеģΪζŷ 
㡭ָݿϣǡǸƵɴ۾
һŵӡ 
ͷұѡ񣡡 
ʵӣҪǶĿ飬ܲµȥ֣ 
СĵİİƤʱһžӨСѿ̳
ǰ 
ᴥСѿԸоݿϣһͬʱ
﷢һ˿޵ȻǿѹĿС 
̲סʼ㴩˵ġ 
˵ǺŮһߵЦһ߿ʼŸĹҽþ
ϸϸͷȻһ治֪ʲôҺСƿǩŽ
ȥպպȻͿĨݿϣϡ 
ʲô̲ס 
ŶýĴø˳Ц 
߰˷֣ϸݿϣֻͿⲻҺ
ɫѸٱԭĵɫð죬ͷʺƬ
ʱӹ͹緢˽͵ͷһֱһС
Ȼſˣֳ΢΢⶯ڣѵľһ졣 
ȻԣĻ϶˵٣ǰȫڰƤ
ȫѳԭȥȻƶСھǳƵ
绨һСΡ 
ǰȻһܣԱߵĺŮݹ
ģ漴ˡԿʼ 
͡ô̹ȥʵЩ̡ 
Ȼڴ֮ǰҪһССĲ衣 
Ů˵óһߣһۣȻСĵǿŲ
ϣ漴սҲʱݿϣһʹˬ˻ȸ
һ·վסˡ 
ʹ 
źŮսߣݿϣ̲סҵ
ǴһĲȻŮȴΪ̵ļ
սϸϸ߽սٵĸݽҪ֪
߾ǽסһ㲿λƤ˸оʹοֿ
˵Ů۵Ĳλ 
ڣŮͣס֣ʱס飬Ө͸
·һССˮ򣬲ʱըѶй͸ԡ 
ˣڿˡŮЦ⡣ 
೤ܣһɣ̧ͷƳһ
ϣֻͷʹţ촽ҧͷϲ˺飬۾ʹధ 
״ȻˣԼԥɷݿϣʹ࣬
˵ǲܱģԼҲ
Լ 
뵽⣬磬Ա˶ûĶͼϸϸѾ
϶ԴͬʱݿϣһĺУŵ˫
һ󶶶ӶǶһ죬˫ȸǾ
ֹûһᣬһҺܶ£ʧˡ 
ŶַҶûôֵġ͸һ˿
졣 
ЦЦʱԱߵĺŮóëĲݿϣ
ϵҺһָ˵ͿĨҩ࣬ٵ
ļǯȥˣֻһпܺᴩϡ 
ˣڿ԰ȥˡ˵ţǸ
Ӳӵݵǰ 
ôð£Դɻ 
ʱ£˻³ϣҪһֱȵ
˿˲ȡ£ⲢӰϡ 
ⷬˣٿѾ򿪣
һ˷ǳϸԲŽһ˴пյﴩȻָ
΢΢һֻһϸ΢ġ꡹ˡ 
ò˵ݿϣ˵һ̵ֲΪȻ˵
ˣ˵һΪջķ羰̺٣ɫ˴
͸һֲŰ 
Ŷ̫ˣһޣ漴ҵѣأ 
ҵĿһ 
˵գֵҾûǵ˿Ȭٴ
СȽϺá 
˵䣬ŽӺϴȻôһ
ûһ漴ϸŷӺϴĹ컹൱ӣ
ףֱһͿˣҪֿҪһļˡ 
ΣЦСר
ƵģףҪժ¿ɾûôඣҲΪ˷ֹв
Ůū˽ժ¡ 
Ŷ𣿡˵ţƳһǸŮ漴ֿһ
 
˼漴ЦŶè⣬Һܶ꣬
˵գһ§ŮϺݺһڣ
ֱЦ 
е㲻ţŰŪ˼£ûܽǴ
ЦֹȻŶ뵽һ⣬㲻ҪèȻ
ҾߺǼ˱һȣ˭ܽ˭ܵõ
è䡣 
ʵû뵽ȻһַʽݿϣĹ 
ôѵ㲻һ𣿡 
Ǻǣľ 
Ŷܺã 
ЦţЦֲһ˿ᣬԴ˵ҲΪȻ˿
Ļθ㶨ССʱ߽һӶˣϹϾ
¬೤Ҫ 
Ŷá 
ͷ漴תǣǼһ
ԷʱǾͰèĹһȣ 
֪ʵˣЦЦǺãϼ 
ϼ 
˵һ̲סϵŶ찡һֱ
ûǸôģҪ뿪ˣŶҵϵۣ̫
ˣ󾿾ô֪ģ 
ǺǣʵϵʱҲżΪֻ֪ҪҪŪ
ôľͲˣϺǰ˱ȵʱֻˡ 
԰ʵ㰵иĿǸܴ
ģôݿϣ˭˵á 
ȷġ 
Ŷͱˣ㾿ô֪ģѾǳȲ
ˡƴһ˿ıԹ 
΢΢һЦ˼Ʈ˻ȥʱȷֻܺһ
һᣵķ䣬֮ǸӶ˵³һ
ȥһӶ¥ݿǱȥ 
߳˼ƳһǱߣѲӰʱһ
漴סӵŶˣʹҵȥϴּ䣬죬
ȥϴּ䡣 
üΪеĿǣ·һͻʺˣӶҲ
һĻʺһȻŭӶǨ
ŭģҲ룬ָŷŶǱߣǱߣϴּ
Ǳߡһ˵һǰ· 
ŶллϴּʱһȽϳСʱϣڼ䲻ϣ
šȥǰ 
Ŷס 
漴ϴּ䣬Źغã漴´һ£ϴּ䲻
ֻĸĲλϻʩó൱
ģҷǳɾɼˣʱûЩˣֱ
λãȻ󿿱߲СĵĿһµ棬ûоѲߣ
һ̽ͷһߡ 
ϴּĴλڱ棬ղǸĴڶ棬֮
кü䣬жʮңмһ䣬һ
Ӵȥǲܵġ 
ȻֻǶͨ˵˵Ⲣǲģʵ
̽ͷһۺ⣬Ǿڴ棬ҲÿһĶҪ
һȦܣȺխҲףŻǲġ 
û˿ԥֳסأһ⣬վϣ
ȻֻǶ¥һ¥ߴ߱һķݸ߳
˿൱վ¥ϣĸ߶ҪʧˤȥҲа 
ڴλö˵û˿ѶȣϾһֻֿץס
أǵƳλʱ˵һСսˣʱ
οԽ㣬ֻܽǽƽ⣬һһ
ǱߵĴƶ 
ƾŹ˵Լƽڼ֮оյĵ
ԭǸĴλãʱҲڿ԰һΪһֻ
Ѿץס˴أٿԲٵˤȥˡ 
ﲼƮǰ֪ˣĻᱻ֣
Ҳ֪ݿϣǸŮڵλã֮ǵλ
öȥմһѹֵʹ 
ԣݿϣ֮ڣаĵˣ
ѵǸŮĥݿϣ 
ţ˱Ŀǽһᣵĵط
СƿһǣǰһĻһֻԭߵŵֱ۵
ݿϣʱ˺״̬˫ɱ߸ߵֻҲˣ
崦ͬһˮƽλã泯£Լһ׶һĸ߶ȡ 
ֻȻеԾЩŭ
ݿϣ˫飬ֻǵ˫鼸ѾΣ״
Щɲ˵ԭֻͷϵ黷ϾȻ
һֱ׵Ľ򣬲˫鱻ɵ״ͷҲ
ϸֳȫʱݿϣܵʹࡣ 
29 
    ء󡭡㡭ġҰɡϡҪ
ݿϣţܴµĳȫסȫ
ʱϵʹ֮ɫ 
    Ů˿ΪЦҪ𣿡 
    棬ġûƭƭ㡭ݿϣﲻɾ䡣 
    ˶Ůˣ͸ŵЦ
ˣֲŪŵµĽһζĽʹ
ͷϵӺˣݿϣһʡ 
    ⲻͦõ˵ʲôҪôšŮЦ
 
    ɡĺʹ 
    ʹܲǻôźôźЩˣŮ
һתһ±Щ䡣 
    ء 
    ʱŮһȹݿϣ黷
СһЩֻѽݿϣǰ˻ε
ĻոմϣҾСһĸϣѾǶչˣ
ҿɲϣȻҪСУסʹŮūҪ󡣡 
    ݿϣȻһ̧ͷǰҡεǸ
¶һ־飬ƴҡͷҪ 
    ӣɲ㡣Ůһץסݿϣ㷢һ
սӶݺݵ 
    ݿϣʹѣֻͷƤ·ҪˣȻ֪ʹͽ
ʹǾǲֵһᣬǸ۵ĵطողű˻ʱ˵
ˣԺϲһ˫ȶһĵʹһ£ʱ
ϹһصĽǻһ־ʹ 
    뵽⣬ݿϣģĺŮüͷһ壬漴Ӱ
ߵһϺóһǯ򣬲ɷ˵Ȼ
ɽԺۺá 
    ݿϣ漴ȥֻʣɺＷ˿˿Ů
ĵͷܺã¾ͰˣҲʡȻ󺰴ˡ 
    ءݿϣƴҡͷǵôµ㷢һ衣 
    Ů˿Ϊǹһ˿̵΢Цӽӹ
쵽ݿϣĿ䣬ɫɷף־壬һ
סġ 
    ס֣ȻһúŮһ½˰գ漴
Ļعͷ 
    ݿϣҲһ漴Ŵŵۿﻬ䣬ⲻǱ
ˮΪ̫ϤˣѾ
ӡӡ 
    㣿ôֽˣ˭ˣŮΪԾ
ԻţϾĹû˸ 
    û˵һͳȷʵе㵣Ů
ĻʵԤˣһҪľ
Ѹٽơ 
    ŮɫתۼԼǰʱڿʼ̲סе
ˣҪٶȺǳʱȴֻһһֻסͣ
Ҳ 
    ءŮֲֻͣĴֱԼ첲Ѷ
Ȼ˵ֱǸѥɦ𲻵ã
ɵڳһֻ̨֣ϵļťһ֮
ݿϣֱ̨ϣֻֽɱŵġ 
    𶯣ֻҪԹ԰˵Ļȥǲ˺ġ 
    ŮһƺҪ˵漴ɿһ㣬
õϢĺŮ̻ҵ㡭Ҫʲô 
    ܼ򵥣ôģһ˵һ̽Ů
£Ūһ´ϵĽɫ 
    Ůʱ⣬ԵúܼҡͷŶ
Ҳܸ㣬ľңŶǶΥľ 
    Ͳ 
    ˻һŮ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫݿϣҲɫһ䣬漴
ҡͷϵķ֮лҪ˵æֽǯ
ȡ¡ 
    𡭡Ҫɱˡһõݿϣͼ 
    ǺһЦҾ˵˵ˣһ֪ҪĴأ
ôܻɱأ 
    ˵䣬ӻһѷɵһݿϣϵͱϣ
Ȼڸһŵζˡ 
    ŮԵô£ֻǺڵģǲ
ġ 
    ʱݿϣѾŰҵҡҡλεվһ
㡭ôҪҪ
֪ҡǡ 
    ŮЦҲ֪֪ĺɣϽҷˣ
ԼȥҲ 
    û˵꣬ͲͷĴϵ죡ֻ˵ǲ˵ 
    ǲᱳģͱʳʲôŮһ
ӡ 
    ҲǵһЦҵ뿴жӲ 
    ˵ţͽŮ۷ֿĵ˫գ
Ȼſ̶ʹʡεڰա 
    ̲ס찡Ҳ
 
    Ǻǣ𣿡 
    ǵģ⣡˵ţӻƣ´Ŀ
 
    ʵһ磬ʵҪϸ綼
һ磬˭ȭͷ˭ǿ˭ϴ˭ӵһ
ΪлȨ˻ȨڵĶ˵ǰ׵ģаҲ˵
塣 
    ŶҲͬĹ۵㡣һҲطǳ
ҲֻĵطִὲԼ
ƣɲǱ 
    ɹЦƶʱе㼱ˣһɵЦʲô˵Ĳ
𣿡 
    ŶΪǶԵǾǶԵİɣȫûȻ
Ϻʲôһ֪һֵּۣ
˵Էģֻô˸ۡ 
    ղЦʲô֪ﻹǼĹ۵ģŶʵΣ
գұþĴ֪Ʋĵ 
    εҡҡͷǻǻصɡ 
    ⻰ƣʱĺĻռϷ磬̵Ŷԣ
˵ҪôԸǸŮ޴Ŷˣ϶
Ӻݺݳ˰ɣ 
    ˵һʼôģǸһɢ
ʱ漴㣬ֱӳֻȤƷԺŮ
ޣЧġ 
    ܿ뵽һ֮֮֮
ԭȹݿϣ黷ϵǸںŮǰ˻εղŵ
ܺãЧô 
    ˵ţԥĽӽһ˵Ĺҹ˺Ů
ϣ漴ֻȻһǳ鶯ԭ뱻ڰƤ
ڽһ±ȫ˳ͮͮٱϳԵ
ޱȣ 
    ʵϣŮݿϣǿ࣬Ͼߵʱ
ݿϣĶ࣬ϰĸַ˵̣ȻȻ
еٱĽ׹ζǳ
ֹ͸Լ·Ҫ˺ѵʹջ̲סİ
֫ǲסһ졣 
    һʶĻһܣȻǯҪ׼Ů
ϣʱһԵݿϣסĸ첲õģĸ
ãġ 
    Ǿ̫ˣ˵ţոǯһӣȻ
˫ֱǰźŮ΢Цôζܰɣ᲻
ղŵ뷨ˣ 
    ǲŹġˣ⡭̹ɣϣ
ˡŮҧۣһҪ˵ı顣 
    ˵һ㶼һҵ㣬˵
ңһЦ 
    Ůû˵ʱǱ׹ϸ
ҡͷ˵ټһС᲻ϣ 
    Ŷ鲻Խķһ 
    һϲΪŮжôǿأΪ˺ü
ĥ˵ķӣȻ̣ܲҲû飬µҲ
˲ôˣֻӲͷƤһѶϣֻẦ˺ 
    ڿŮվһͨͨŮûж֧ţ
ʹһֶһͷ̬ˣ⵹ʡپ 
    Ǻǣ˵ɣαسԿͷأ˵˶㲻κӰ죬Ϊ
ǲ˵ǵģȻֲ˵ǺǣԼ룬
ﻵԺ㻹õĳ谮𣿡ȴѭѭա 
    Ůɫ䣬Ȼ⻰˵ֻ촽ɶ
ţƺҪ˵ʲô޷ڣìܾԱ 
    ״ЦЦŲæһںŮǰ˻Σ
Ȼ׼Ҫ¶˿־ֱı飬״
ĴУ˵𡭡˵ 
    ﲻɳһԵݿϣ¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣһ
ʼǺ¼ˣ⵽޷ʰĵز˵ģû
ľʳʲôһ̫ðʧ̫ˣ
ðգˣ׵ȻԼ 
    Ȼȴǳݿϣ֮⣬ʳˣһô
̵ʱڣھϲַ֮·˵ʲô˵Ŀ
ĳ羴ᡣ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    ˣǣˣ 
    ͬʱ۾ǿҵʹѸ
˼ӺݿϣѸһҵͷһĳ
ЦСкˡ 
    Ŷ찡˵˶ٴˣҪˣôһ
ܲ״ץࡣ 
    ҡݿϣ 
    ǺһЦ˵Ķԣڿʼ㲻Ҫƺˣ
ԺһֱĽҲԡ 
    ûݿϣ˵ƾʹƺãȻôˣݿϣ
Ժʲô˵ĻĻᷢġ˵ţ״ 
    һֱԵСݿϣŵĶġꡱһЦ
࣬ʱƿ˿ܵڼˣѾ뿪
Χ˰ɣ 
    ʮ㣬ѾʻʮһСʱӢ·̡ 
    ˿ʻ̨ǵǱ̵û뿪ΧҾ
̫ˣҪҪǣǸýˡ 
    Цãôһ˵һеˡ 
    ǻʲôˮʳﶼóɡ 
    ˾ôڳϳʱһϸϸ׽ǽΪӲ
һߵˣ˵᲻ᷢʹթӶ׷ 
    ݿϣ΢΢һܵĻعͷ棬һĽſ־壬Ƽ
״æǰ§סŶ˶£ֻôһʣ
Ӧò׷ġ 
    Ǻǣ㶼ɾ֮ˡЦģǾ׷
Ҳǲܸϵϵġ 
    ⻰ݿϣͲɷʱһɽ
ԸޱȼʵĪеȫƸٰο
ʹе̤ʵİĻͲһˣȻֻȴ
һעļһ¾ʹŵ 
    ȻƣݿϣҲǷǳмģ˼ЦһЦʱ
ֻƵŶղ˵ʲô֮ʲô˼ 
    йһ˵һֻˣȺ
еʱһо˿ˣóȴûдֻǿ
һ¹ңֻ˵ˡ 
    ݿϣȻûȫ׹ֻɻû
ôأ 
    Ϊ˹ԵʱͱܵĽſ־壬
˿ڱѣȻʹϵˡ 
    ¶˻Ȼı飬ԳЦǰݿϣ
һô˵ԵôţȻֻ˵һ 
    ݿϣ˼ͬʱҲ¶һ˿˵ɫ״
æתйĻ˼лȥ￴һ
ǣٸ 
    ûĴϵЩطҶûء 
    Ŷɣ 
    ô᣿ҺСʱ뿪й֮ǰһֱʦɽѧ
գԱ˵ղŽʲôǱٸ֮ûȥǵصС
ҶûȥΡ 
    һ˵ĿŶĺӣ 
    һ۵ˣϽ԰ɣ˵ü· 
    ԭίһһƺûͷǳسŵ
˽ݿϣ͹ˣûҪҹǴɣһ
һ𷵳̻ؿĪɣȻȴߣһ˵Ѿӵ
ͼҵһ·ߣԭ·Ҫ̵ö࣬صĪɣ 
    ЩĶģҲ뾡ϻȥ׿ٺú
ҪȥϷ̣˵ĿǰһҪȻҵ·
Ҳ·Ȼ·Ҫʱ·߽˲٣ȴǺܲ
ߣҪɽˮԽȣʹ·;Σԣ·
ᴩüľ۾һֲȷأΣϵߣ
˵̽ˡ 
    ʱЩԥò׼׸òƵģеܲ
Ŷ⻹ÿ㲻һǳ飿 
    ֪֪·ߣһ·д֣Ͽȣ޶߲
 
    𣿡һ漴һ˿˷̫ܵˣ
Ҫģһ·ƽ̹Ǿûʲôˣ˵ˣⲻ㱣
û̫Σˣ 
    ĸʱֵ˵ˣѱǸСﲻ˵ʲ
ôҪǱʹһСֶǿɾˣΪ˱
õİ취Ǿ뿪ԽԽá 
    ɡᡭᷢǡݿϣɫ䣬
΢΢Ļܣ·Ͼͻִȥ 
    Ŷ˶£ֻ˵ֿԡæο 
    ʵϣȷҲֿԣһµðɣҸɣ
˵һϳ 
    Ŷ̫ˣƲ˷漴Ϊĵ˵ɣ
ͬͬǡ 
    ˼һӦòᣬϰֻ˵ҪѺ;Ѿ
˳͵ʣµȻҲûʲôˣҲ֮С 
    ȻҪɣЩ⣬¶Цݣ
ļЦеˣƯţǵõ
Ǹ椣ȻҪúˣһȷǲ󷽱㣬ðɣ
ͬ⣬ȻصĪɣɲ̫ǳֶŮ 
    ʻһҴϼǹһͻ
ǹԼʮϻȻͺŮһҹ뿪ˣСʱֱ
նŽͣ 
    һ߳һ߷ŵͼʱ̧ͷԶһ
Ĺİٶ๫ˣһ·ǽΪƽ̹Ļԭ˳
Ҫɽ·ˣʱ·ͻȽһˡ 
    ͷʾͬ⣬ò˵ƵĻ⾭黹൱ḻģǱ
ʶλǲ鿴ͼǷǳڸ˷Ҳ൱о飬
ʼʱݿϣϴĻһ˿ȹƵʱͲ
ɷ˵һԼĹװ 
    ˣ㿴ǰʮȻ۷򶫾ͿĹɭɽ·
ԭ·ԺߵĶ࣬·Σָ
ͼЦ 
    һۣʱ˸۵ûɣǻһȦ
֮ǰ·ҪԶһʲôʱܻصĪɣ 
    Ҳüôϻȥҵ߿ô
 
    һô㻹ûҪ 
    Ȼһ־ļ𣿵ܣܵĵطԽԽԶ
ãôйʱأЦ 
    ɫҾ治һ⡣ 
    Ŷ㲻þܾһƯŮʿĽһǳò𣿡
ƿŵĴСС 
    ǺЦ˵ǣҿйˣй˵Ĵͳ
ûôһ˵Ŷ 
    µµת˼תһתƿŶʹӦ
ССҪ󣬺𣿡 
    УѾССҪ˰ɣҪ֪жж˼
طҪԸĴһ⣬ǾһʱҲ 
    Ŷ⻰˵Ҳԡգ۾˼״ 
    Ȼ 
    ʵǡƺȻɫһ죬֧֧˵ȥˡ 
    ʲô 
    ɬƳһۣſļͷСʵ
Ǻܶһʱ䣬Ϊһȥζһֿ
Ըģ𣿡 
    ԹٸϢһ
סݣֻɫģֿ֪
Է飬ȷʵǶԼвᣬ̾һǺαأ޲
ɢϯǳҪֿһʱһʱʲô𣿡 
    ŶȻ𡣡գգۣƤһЦҲദʱһ
ͻᷢȱ㣬ǷֿʱҾͲôѹˡ 
    һ㶣漴ЦҪûзҵȱ㣬Ƿָ
ô죿ͲˣӴˣǺǣ 
    ҲûܡЦ 
    һʱԣֻεҡҡͷʱֵȻҪ
ҲҪȻعһˣΪҵðݿϣͻȥӦĿǰҪ
һˡ 
30 
䣬һϸӲݿϣǻһİƬҲ
Ƽ״æסļŶ˶ôˣ 
ݿϣ̧ͷ΢΢㡭ĿɡԴһ
 
ȻƺԥҪΪʲôҪŪ 
ݿϣתֿڴĲ桭Ŀԡ 
ʼû 
ݿϣĴ˰ΣȻ˫ֻ˫һһʣ
ңˮָ们䣬һһεϥϣһ㽫
ʪһƬ 
Σʵ֪ݿϣڼ
µģҲ֮УϾܵôˣַܸ
˵ĥѶϾຣͷصԼĹҸҲ
ˣȻһжпܱʵܽе 
лллʳ˺һᣬݿϣ̧ͷл 
ÿǰ§סļЦʱܻȥ
һĴߣ˽Ƭصķ飬𣿡 
ŶȻ⣡ݿϣ 
̫ˣƵĳգգ۵ͶƱԭ
ǶһӦ÷顣 
һ㶣漴ҡҡͷƶʱˣһϵƤЦݣǴ
һ˿ʵµΪʲôΪǸĿܴڵΣգŶ찡
̫ʧˣй˶ô̰ͼȣûðվ𣿡 
㡭ǹҧʶġһʱҲЩջˡ 
Ŷ˵ʲôŴ۾Եɻ󲻽⡣ 
Цһ£ǱͿˣȻ˵
йⲻǶţգƽһ侲
һ»ҵ˼Ȼ˵ҲһûС 
ЩԼ˼ĶôΪĸΪһĿ
Щհǰ˺ðգʱ߿ĪɣЩ
ľڰΪ˾֤Լİȫѡ̣۸
ذգУΪ˲ϰͻͬʱҲΪ˶׬һǮʱҲ
òΥĵİһЩ飬ڰѺ;֮ܶЩ
һֱСȣҲڲ֪ɥʧ˸
еֳ嶯뼤飬ӶҲһݳء 
ȻдڵȻ֮ѿڶ
Ҳһ͹ԭе˼һֻȻʵĸо
ΪĸȻҪҲñΪԼģֻ
ԼţҭʳһֱĬΪԼղ
Ļ˺ʱоЩǸ⣬ɫŶ
ҲҸղŵĻ㣬ԴҸеǸǡ 
̧ҡҡĻʵ˵Ҳûȷʵȱ˼飬
ʵҲ뵽һõĴȻ⣬ʵǲУҵ
ϻȥҲҴӦǰ뿪ͬ·ԭ򡣡 
ΪʲôǲǷʲôˣæ 
صĪɣ׿찲úãȻȥϷǵԼ˹Ҫ
ȥһˡ 
ݿϣʱʲôѿڵȥǸͬʹ
ɵŮ𣿡 
ʲôʹɵһɻ 
ͷԶһΪѾˣ˵
ҵˣҲҶ϶ݿϣǸ˾Ҳܷ
ұȥʵ̽һ¡ 
ŶʲôеͿƻԵе㲻 
û˵Զһ˼ֻתͷݿϣ
ͶȥѯʵݿϣԼ֪һԵĸŴ
ˡ 
ŶˣҲȫ飬ڻʲ
ôϽ·ɡļ 
ãЦƨµӲݻҳ 
ʰһ£˺ǵѾһҹˣ
ȻӦҲȷʵеˣҲʲ
ôˣֱϺţһë̺ͺ˯ 
ܳЩӦǿϾͽ˯״̬ȻҲ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ժоؿеѹȣյȴģ
Ƕ˻㣬üôһܡ 
ʵ̫ˣо̫ԾҲû۾ô
ڰܰм˯ֱӺȻҵһ£ؿڵѹȸжʱ
ʧ漴Ǵһʲô档 
ܵһ£Ȼֵĸоһʲôʱ
һЩ΢΢һֻݿϣббĵԼϣͷԼĴ
ϣԭԼؿϵë̺֪ʲôʱڸϣ
ҽͷסˣ˾һֻ˳èſԼϡ 
ʵ͸ż˯ʱʧ룬Ƴۿ˿
ǰڼʻƣֻ۾עǰƺûע⵽Լ
ߵԸзһ㡣 
Ҳö϶ʱݿϣǲװ˯Ҳþôֱӽ
ֱ۾˯ȻҲǿӽɽ·ˣӿʼ
ԽԽֻݿϣǷԼϵͷʱĵȥ
޷˯еεݿϣͷڵ߻εĹĥ
ɲʼһˡ 
ڸҲҪϺðɡ 
ﰵп࣬Ѿٷ֮ȷݿϣû˯ˣֵ
״̬˯ҲˣοԸоͷ
ʶųӵĵĥԼȼĲλ 
ɶƵͣоΪڿʹ
ҪҪݿϣʱȴȻеɲһɣͬʱݿϣ
ͷϵë̺΢΢϶𣬴Ӷ¶һ϶ͨ⣬ԭԼ
ӵȻˣڿһһ͹⡣ 
ţоһȣһݿϣڿ㽫京סˣ
ɵСѸɨܻڿһ㲼ϣĹ
лǴ൱ǿҵĿУͦͦСҪõ
ĿУ֮ǰݿϣ뷨Ȼһɶ 
ʵϣһʼ֮ԸеΪݿϣ˯ˣҪΪ
ԼӦŪѼ̶ǿ϶ϲÿڲһ
ˣݿϣڿֺãҲͲٸеȻˣϾ
йΪֻЩĻᱻǰƷ֡ 
òϣݿϣĿϹŮ˵õģ
е̾ȻϢĿȻһºְ
ڿҧŰ£֮ѸٽУвû
һ˿죬ȶ΢Сϸ 
ԣĻᱻƷ֣ݿϣͬҲǣĶΪ
΢˵°ڶͷˣǹܹΪᷢ
֮϶Ǿ͸˵ˡ 
˾ͺܿݿϣϹˣֻԼͷԼӵĵ
̼ӲȵҲ֪һ㣬Ǽȵе
ҪŮ˻һֱ֣ 
뵽⣬΢΢ţ۾ţ˯ˣ
ʵȴϤĵĸݿϣĿڽͷһŮ˵Ļ
ҼΪ·һС飬һϵƤ
꣬һڹ⹵ִߣˬ̲סҪ߳ 
ܵļͦͣݿϣȵֿģʵ֪
Լôе㲻̫ʣɾ̲סҪȡǰˣΪ
֪ԼΨһƾˬˣҲֻͨ˼ס
벻Լ 
ݿϣ˵뿪̹ɣϣĿƣ
úͿԻصˣȻĻżĲȫУҪһ
һĵɾ 
ʵ۶ݿϣĳ̶ƱУʵҲ
׿ڴӦԴˣҲǸмѣȻָĻ
İȫлȫ 
ҲΪˣݿϣ϶ֱ΢ֺȡʵ֪Լ
òĶǷǳڵģ˻Ǻģȴ
ûţ˺˲һأݿϣû
пһּɫĿ⣬Ҫǣ߻һơ 
һʼݿϣͿŮˣղ֮Ҳȫ
ڶʲôɿĺò
ԼŮ˶ĵ׻Ǹеһ˿ͼʣ
һĪĲҲָоʵĻΪǰ˿
Ŭȡ 
ݿϣȻַʱֻһˣ
ȻϰǰӲһ֮ȼͦ
ϢĴֳе㲻ӦѾǵһΪ
ڽˡ 
ô󡭡Ӳ찡᲻ҵͲ屬 
ݿϣֻԼͱһּ͸ĸо
ͷһļѹǻһǣ·һ㶯ضûС 
ΪҶݿϣֻܼ˷Ӧܾһ㣬Ȼ
ȴǳãһǰδеĳʵб鲼ȫֻԼȫӵ
ǰˣеĲ׽ÿһ͹ѵ
綼ܱĳﴫ¶ֱоԼҪڻˡ 
ݿϣˣˣô׳ôĻȣôļͦ
ֻϸı鲼棬ò񾭣ʱʱ
ôΪ֮ 
ڲ̫ĶݿϣֻһĽУܿǰ
˵ĹͷֱĺһŮˣǱضǺ̲ס˿³
еܹ˵£ֻϵĵ
Ȼɺͷļ⣬ûһᣬоһֱԵüɬǰͻ
ʲôؿƵһǰһ󲽣ͷһԵ⹿ 
Ĳ˺ô־ſסˣ
ʱҪϸǻֶܹߵģȻʱע
ȫǰԽԽӵ·ϣȫûע 
֪ԼĹͷѾݿϣĺʱ˿ȵݿϣ̲
סܾŻ᲻÷⼫ΪˬĸоǺͷļ;
ʮȴּΪĽխСͬһ⹿סѪҺ
ӿѪҺŰСһŻȼգ
ʱܱ 
ܵǰǴȸļӲļУݿϣ֪Ŀ
ھۼּˣָоôʱܾͲֵһᡣ 
ʱݿϣѾǸ߳ȫûС
µëţ˵ëֳ۾
飬мıǿ 
Ӳ㣬ҲֱʱļȻ
ıܻǲôһ㣬ԴˣḻݿϣҲ֪ɴʱ
Ѿ̵ˣµĴֲ°ڶͷԷ
У仰˵Ҫ뿿йƺѾǲˡ 
ݿϣȻľͣһᣬƺúӦ
룬ֺϢԼӣ»һ£
ȻʵĶ 
ʱһ飬궼ɳˣǵһڿڽᵽ
ǿҵĿУֻͷ¶˵һʺס֮󣬾
ͬһǿƤסڶееʹȻɷϵǣ
ִһ˿ʹĿиˬֱҪг 
ݿϣʱƴѹסŻ¸Уϵʶ
۷ףҪȥ֮ʱȻо˵Сһ󼱲ḻȻ
֪ζʲôסһʼĳ̡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ʱ֣һʻһƬɽ֮УݵͼʾѾ
M ȻԭʼȻѾϹ̿
֯ȦȻÿϹר
M ˵Ǽʵݵ˫£Ƕ
Ȼ൱ĵģûƻԭʼòǴһǶ
ÿһԭʼ䶼һСһֲСĴĳ
ЩɣǾͷǳΣգˡ 
ҲΪԭ֮ǰԵôɣڼȻҪ
·ôȻҲͲٶЩȷˣҪľС
ͼ 
ûȥߵ̫ˣֻ¶Ӫ
ˡ 
Ŷ𣿡ƻɵĿһܣֻΧܣʵڲ
һѵص㡣 
ơ꡹һ 
ãˮС 
֮ҲͷˮԶкӡ 
ЦӦСϪߣǾȥӪ 
һ⡣ƻֱۣԵΪ˷ܡ 
ѾʻĺСĵڴдУĵͳ
žĴԵۻƽϢ֦ϵĲ֪
׷ߣݴĸСͶҲĴɢƺ
ûԭʼֵǴСУ˷ܲѡ 
Լ֮һٲһ˵ǰٲһԼ׿
ˮӲʮ׸ߵɽ£᾵ɽʯϽһˮ
ɽµһˮ̶Ȼɢü֧СϪ˳ɽѶ¡ 
ˣȲľ³ϲ̫ˣﻹһ
ˮ̶ȻӾذһˣȻҵúúϴϴ 
ˮԴһΪƽ̹ĲݵأһҰϢأ
⣬ԲҴ⣬æֹܣѵݱȽ
СĶߡ 
й֮ǰǴЩҧľʱһŲ˻
ϳʮһҧ¾ģ 
Ůڳϱ³ذ׿һ֦Ȼ
ڲݴһɨȷûΣպкŮ³Ӻ
 
ϳ֮⣬ҰװҲȫʲôָ
룬ǿͲƷһӦȫʱϵƷḻ
ЩȻ֪·߱ȽΣն׼ġ 
ѡһˮ̶Լ״ǳݵϴ񣬲˳ӵ
ҲҳСƼ״ɳԳЦſļͷС
Һһһͽһѡˣ
ȥǻ⣿Ǻ˼һѡ񡣡 
˵ʲôȴѾ߿Ц
ʼˣֻʻҪ˵ĻЦҡҡͷ 
ܿʹˣƱȥˮ̶ϴ裬ҪǸ֮ǰ϶
˵̶ֱˣ֪Ȼƽɰﲻ֪
ضΣգ⣬ѯˣˮϴ裬
ҪҪӼף 
ֺֺЦˣ㵱ײҪǮⶫǺܹĺòã
㿴̶ˮ峺ף֮ǰӣǲ֮Ĺ
Զġ 
һЦ˼ͷʵҲ֪Ӧûʲô
Σգֻٴ֤һ 
Ǻǣٰ߲нЦű 
ߣǵȻ 
ˣȥϴɣȥ׼ͣҿɲٿǸɱζĴ
ˡ 
̫ˣһ뵽ǴӲĸҾͺʳ 
˿ܵȥΧܴܲһЩҰζ 
ŶǧԶˡ 
ģҲԶµģŶˣҸǰǹڰɣΣ
Ϳǹ 
һ֮ȥŮˮϷ
ΪԷһԶʼܵüŮľ롣 
һеķΧͼΪޣֻˮ̶ʮ׵ĵطѰ
ïܣҰǼ࣬ȡֻСͶӦǲѵģ
ڸղźľţ˿Ѱ˰Ҳֻ
ϵҲӰȫޡ 
û취ֻôֶ׼ͷȸ¶ǣ
ʱȻһģǾߣÿ
ͻᷢһ֦ϣеֱӺڵϵĲݴ
߹ȥò֦ 
β߸ͷ漴ͷǳã
ΪԱ߾ˮԴˮ峺߸ζضˡ
31 
    ˵ɾ͸ɣĿɨһ£۹һһ׶೤ֱԼ
״ϸĻϣ߿ȥӦ޶ǰһ֦ɿĲ
סͷȻһקסβĶ˼£̱߱ 
    ذ׸ȥͷٰȥƤȻôŰ׻
׼֣߳øŮʱȴȻ뵽ŮܶߣҪ
ھ͸˵ǲһԣı⣬Ȱ߸ã
ȳ˵ 
    뵽⣬㽫ߵַֻ˳ֻŮȻѵĹ
ģˮ̶ﻥˮϷˣɺ޹˼ɵվˮ
ףɳϰ¶ˮ棬˫ֱضˮЩ
˼Ŀģȴ΢ЦȻǺüˡ 
    ˣջûƴ 
    Ȼ 
    ʲôҰûҰ 
    Ǻǣʱ֪ˡһЦһ߾ͳεһ֧СϪ߹
ȥǽϴ裬ҰϴɾȻ죬ʱǾͿԳˡ 
    Ŷ̫ΰˡվˮ˷ܵĻš 
    Ϫߣʼϴڵ᫲ƽԵʣ
ǿϴʲôǲŲæпͿ࣬
ѪϸϴȻٽгһһġһʰãҲ
ˮ̶úϴһˣǺˣϴûڸϴˡ 
    ϴЦˮֲݲ¡ 
    ǲȥϴˡЦ 
    ЦĻ֦ҲƵף޶ļһ 
    һԵݿϣҲ̲סЦЦ֮ǹԹԵĴˮ̶ϰߣ
ɿĽ·ϣҲ 
    ͬݿϣĻæִ٣ǲĴˮ̶һһϰ
Ӷʹ毺õһһ¶ˮ棬µǣ̶Բͦ
˫壬ٵʵСȻһĨĽƣǱֱ޳
˫ȣֱͷһ˿ҵȫչ¶ 
    ƺ˰Ʋڴ£ǼëĲ
Լ壬ֻʱʱ̧ȣëԼƽ
֮䶯˵ڲã˵ջ 
    ʱߵϦȻбб׹һĨϼǳ
ϣ·һߣͬʱļΪδɵˮ
ǳǳĹԣӶԵԸжˣһʱԣ
ݿϣҲ૵ͺ桭 
    Ƭ֮ģһ𣿡 
    ôҲԡƺںЦ 
    Ǻã̡˵ţһ߳ȥһ߿ʼԼ
· 
    һ漴¶ɫʵϱһֱ֮٣ʵ
ϷŪһ뿴ɬȵӣȻû뵽ǣ
һβͬƺ˼ɾһԵݿϣ
ӦǿҵԸһһ߽ 
    ЩȻ˼ǰΪţҲֻ˶
£ڵݿϣ棬Ҳ̹Ȼĺȣ
ʱҪ㿪ЩʣֻĵҲӣ
ĵݿϣģӲͷƤһ߽Լ 
    ֻһ֮ңʱȫ¾ͽʣһڿˣ
ᣬɢǿҵ֮ڿ¡һѸ͸
ױȵϢѹȵĻ٣֮ǰһԴ۾˿̱
һˣǲ 
    ״°ЦͬʱҲ˵ף̧Ƶ°Ц
ˣ֪ڵĺĶ 
    ˵գһֻҲƵļҲ޷ǿ
ˣֻһİһۣȻ󲦿ַɿ˿
 
    ŪǱ;ȣǹЦݿϣ˼۾
һʤƣҲ̿͵͵Ц 
    Ʒ˵Сٶ𼸾䣬תһ
ȫԼ𣬹ֲñЦԼʱֺ־ֻ޲Ҹ
ȥ 
    ߡǡᡭκһۣȻ
ɿѴõ 
    ݿϣ˴˶һۣ漴һǹЦһ캬
Ц¶֮ɫ 
    Цգݿϣָָڻһ߸ʾտһ£
Ȼĵͷĵȥڿ㣬ô˽ˮ̶
һƬˮ 
    ϴĲˣڻ߸ƺҲˣƯŹʳ
һСտݿϣʱĳ鶯αǣ־棬Ȼ
﾿ʲôŨ 
    ݿϣʱһֱҲ̽ͷ̲סˣ
ݿϣʲô㰡 
    ݿϣ΢ЦҡҡͷʾԼҲĿͶѾϰҴ
·ߵֻһЦСĵĽ⿪ǣ
һţζŨζһˣ 
    ʱҲ̲סˣ˹̽ͷȴҺ
ڣɫף׻ŷҺ¸ڶ
Ũζ 
    ʲô㰡һεģȻ˸ղ
߾ 
    Ȼ˵ˣֻЦеҪ𣿡 
    ѾʳǻƴʱȻ˲ٸʵף
ֻһЦŶȻҪҪζΣ 
    ǺǣǾͳɡ 
    ðȲľҨһһߴһ߾С
Լ͡ 
    ôʡ 
    û̻شֻ΢ۣʺСһ촽Ȼ
˼£·ϸĻζò³֣̫ˣ 
    ¶ЦݣʵҲһ߸ζò
Ҳû׼ڼ߸ŨζʱҲܸˣЦ
ܺãҷһԣ 
    һ߸Сʱͱ˷Ƶɾĩˣƻ
δ࣬Ȼζ̫ˣŶʲô
ģҰãҰŶ˵̫֪ˡ 
    ǺһЦתۿݿϣҲ֪𣿡 
    ݿϣʹͷһڴĿһ
֪ãҲ͸ǣ⡣ 
    ݿϣһڴıӲֱ̣˺һᣬ
ƲĵĲ׷һ䣺ߡ⡭ǡ⡭ 
    ϶ĵ˵ͷŮǱ˴һᣬԼͬ
ϪߴŻҲŮֻУϲ̫ǿң
˰Ҳû³ٶ 
    ˣ²ͱˣ˵ˣ߸³ϧ 
    һʰż׳һߴ 
    㡭ƻͷŭӵ̫ɶˣȻƭǳô
µĶ 
    ޹ʼƭƭ˵ⲻ߸𣿡 
    ⡭һʱƿԡ 
    ǺǣôҡЦԼ㲢û³٣
˵ûų⣬ֻЩ־ˣ
Ҫ㳢ԣֻҪ㳢һأ»ؾͻֱ࣬㲻ٶԳκ
ʣӦøлҲǣҪȻһ¶û᳢߸ζˡ 
    һ⻰Ҳ޵Ҫ˵ʹȻҲ
ﻹֱƭĸо·ȥ߸ƭȥƵġ 
    ߣҾôԭ㡭˵գͣһֲ
ڡ 
    ˣ˭ҲóʵûˣֻǻƵ
ѣݿϣһЦҲЦӯӯ޹״ 
    ǡˣ˵ˣҪ˯ҲԼ
ζæѰɶ 
    ݿϣˣҲȥϢɡ 
    ݿϣԥһ£ȻΪĸɣΪֻ
һû˯ˣڵԵе
ͻأϾû˵ãǵ˯϶ӵһЩ 
    ȻݿϣĹǣǺһЦû£˯һ񡣡 
    ݿϣɵĵͷһ񣬽ȥ֮תҪ
ʱĿһۣĿ࣬ڴͬʱ̣¶
ĵЦݣĽϡ 
    ô᲻ݿϣЦĺ壿ڵĸ˯
һ񣬲ȴû㣬ȻҲûȥ
Ļ²ÿ˶Էɾ
˯һ˱־ѵ״̬ӦʱܻϮҰޡ 
    ȻǷҰϮð취˼ִ
ľȻܱ߼˲ٿľ֤һ𶼲Ϩ 
    Щӻôڼʻ
պһҹλýϸߣͬʱֿʱɵҹ¶ϮǸ
ľ֮ء 
    ڼʻһѹӵͻǹڸʻλϣ
ְŵǹһǹ˨ӵţǱ̨ϡ 
    ЩԷһ¾񣬲һɣҲ
ɱӿʱһȥƤҲ֮³
˰˯״̬ 
    Ҳ֪ãԺкһ죬ʱһæ
۾ͬʱҲǱ̨ĲǱǹһ
ǱǶ˴һϤ㡣 
    ÿҲ֪˭ˣڸոսļΪ֮һɣ˫
᳭һ§ڻŷֻ߽ȫ
㣬ֻϸϸļ鲼ϡ 
    ôˣС 
    ҿǲﵽݿϣȥˣû뵽ȴ 
    ΢һǽʵΣûǲǺʧ 
    û뿴Ķ 
    Ŷ㣬Ҫô³ĶԴһƯŮʿŮʿ˿̻
ôԸСƱԹ 
    ʵֻƼһʧʧĲ
㲻ݿϣûŶΪʲôԸ
⳵ﶼ⡣һ߱Թͬʱһƾ˫ֲסĲӣ
ĻеСŮˣĸеЩԲһ
§ԼϵֱһߵǾأشԭʼ֣
ҹ»Ұ޹ 
    ҰޣƳһæ̧ͷ֮Ӱ
ɷٴηؿ̾ôС
ġ 
    йоŻСʻ괬СûġˣȻ
ȥɣúϢһǾ͵ø· 
    ƵȻϾôȥգ۾ɡ 
    ´һۣٺһЦôܰľ
ʱҰ˸ǰ 
    ƳԳЦ𣿲ҾǰһҰ 
    ȻƲôŹԳЦţͦĴ
ϣһŤһ߷ͷ㷢ִ˿˿Ұ 
    ģƽŤķԽԽʹúɫּǰԲ
ļͷһĻ䣬¶˴飬һȦɫζɱ档 
    Сʱ֮ǰʹݿϣ﷢йһǰ
ڰڣҰ欵˻һһֻ
鲻ԽƵ壬һ㱡˿Ըо嶥ǿ
ʹӲֱһСʯӣֱŮ˴ʱǶôǿ
ң 
    Ŷң˫۲סĲӣ۾žͽ
ȥ˵촽Ѹһ𣬱˴⻥ãҺɣ
ƵԽԽңƵľƵĺԣָŨܵĶ
ԼԽԽʹ·Ҫ¡ 
    ҲûţڼǵĹϽеһһȥ
Ըеչֵȫչ¶ҹɫԵ޲ɷ 
    ָƵĴȸ˷ܵѾټȥˣ
ϢĽǣĿҡҪҪ㡭ҡ
 
    ˵䣬ȻʼȲ̽£ĿǴ
ͷųָۣȻʳָĴָճȦ
˳Źͷһֱ£ֱϣ˷
İԽԽӲͬʱҲоĹͷԽԽʪ
ʱеƬĹͷŪʪʪġ 
    𼱣ˣģιġ 
    ͳͬʱĻ˫ֻۣסƵѩ
Σһᣬ˱㱻漴һ֮ͦ
ӹʵʵĶⴽϡ 
    ءҧһƺߣһȲļнʪ
ⴽһ̰ԵС캬ס˶ԲĹͷ 
    ʵķӦͬ룬촽̣ס˫ε
һɣʱһסͷⴽһ½ͷû漴
ưѹ˱ߡ 
    Ŷ찡塭ã͡۷ףﲻ 
    һ漴һͦһľ룬ǰ˵Ĺͷ
صѨĻϣŪ鲻Խһ˻ֱͷ
ȥһͷɫ㷢ٲɢ䷽ǰǱϣһ㷢
ҧ 
    һ޵׶·һڲϵ
ӵ룬Ҳڿкͬʱйⰵ̧֣
Ƶƨϲ᲻صһƣҧСҧôŶ
ҧҧ˵ţǼΰϡ 
    ҡûûСۣۡŶŶˬˬ
״Σдһ˿ί 
    ˫ٶƵΰ꣬ʼ󿪴ÿһ˳
ڱڵĺٲʱСѹȥˣͬʱ
ɫҺӽϴ䣬ϡ 
    㡭̫̫ˡᶼˡ 
    δţǶԽԽ죬һαһ룬ܹǴСϷ
˶ײ֮ԴˣƳ˱ʣµľֻ˻ˣ
ʵһʼҧס촽ģòԶݿϣʲô
ѾȫȻ˲ʲôˣһ˻һ˽вϵĴ
ˡ٣ˡҪҪˡ 
    ޼ɵĽţ˫ֵо䣬У
һƳֻǳԼʺѪⴽнǿ׳
ӿȥ˿ûй⣬ʱͷӻңٲȻԼһҶ
ۣھκб׸˦䣬ʱܱû 
    ̫̫ˡ𡭡ᣬ㡭Ŷ㡭Ҫ
ˡ˫Ŀʧ̱ȫĳһ
һĳ 
    ʵһʼйⰵֱ֣ڶûͷųս£
ֱɱĶ׵츳ǷĵԵʡ 
    ֮ԷݿϣǰҲ˵ļһ֮Уֻ
ǺƵԽԽȻܻᳳԶݿϣ
ǳǱ˼ۣһСأ϶Լ
ɼݿϣɫԼ߿ 
    Ѻݿϣ˼֮ףԴҲ֪ģ˵
֪˴˵Ĺϵ֪һ£ǫ́һˣ
ҲΪԭһ·ľκͷʹȻһ
úβὫ˹ϵʻҲڽ; 
    ʵҲԼԼŪŮ˵ĸƭûʲ
ôֻҪҪԺĺŮ˷ϵ޼ɵ׷
󴿴Уִͳĵ¹Լ֪ʲôʱԺ 
    ҲνĻı˰ɡԳ 
    סԼĽ࣬ĿƼӷһ̨԰
ٵ˫Ŀʧ񣬿ҺȵĿз·궼壬
廹Ǿȫݣޱ޼ʵ֮Сһ
룬ͷݺݶѨһĴָСʱȻһУ
ƵĲͣСѩ׵Ĵȣķһ
ⲨǱһֻεĴ򲦶һ㣬Ŀѣ̾ 
    ʱƵͷſļϣֻסĲô
һǱʩ˶еӱ
ʹԼϴĴڴڵϢҪΪǲ˯
ȥˣ 
32 
ҲûôԼƵѨ۾ȴƳ
棬͸ݿϣסǶֻǲʱĽ۾
ķ϶͵Լߣ뿴ȴֲϸ°Ц
ҡ³ݿϣ֡ 
Ǳһʱûж֪ݿϣ϶Լƣ
ԥأ룬漴ηƽҲ˳Ƶ£֮ſ
ϣ˫ȿ 
˫ֱסƵһ˶ʱλãʱ˫ֳ
Ƶ˫ȣȼ䣬Ȼһգʪͱ˳
һճİҺɫⴽεƤϡ 
ǻơ˵䣬ɵĽתһ
ŪɹſƣԵķһ棬ݿϣߡ 
ŶС桭ܡܲˡ
ҡͷǰ㣬ƺҪ 
ٺ٣ôͲ⻹ûء 
һЦһ߽ӲƵƨɰϴ˴Ȼ
ϢĴ˳ţݿϣǱһ֣ղȣһ
ȣԿóļͲɡ 
ݿϣȻܵˣûһȫˣӵ˳
Щ޴վǣƺǽҲǣҲǣóʱĽź
 
ЦЦ֪ݿϣѾԼ˼Ҳ
ˣҲ̢µ˶˫ι̶סƵ
İһִͦľٴûŢѨ 
ء㡭쵰ͷͷţ
̲ס 
̲סЦôʣ˵գһǺݺ
롣 
ءѵǡ㡭ǳ󡭡 
ٺ٣Ȼǿ϶òֹŪһŶһЦָ
 
㡭ǲ롭ȥǱ񡭡ȥȥҡҲ
 
˼ҧгݣƺʮֲԸȴ޿κΡ 
ȥûæ𣿡ӿƵʵǽ
á 
𡭡ô졭ϡϵۡƱĻɢѩ
Ĳ߸ߵһֻ˵졣 
Żһ㣬һִֻӺס˦ֹ鷿
ôΣ 
ʲʲôʧĲ 
ݿϣһ𡣡 
Ҫ 
ܵʲôƵȻһ漴Ҫת
ǿҵķӦʼδԼѨһŤ
һ£Ȼûʲô󰭣ǰһҪԼһﱻŤˣ
ɽҰģ˵ⱲӵԸˡ 
뵽⣬գְ̧סƵĺ󱳣ת
ϰ°صſƣȻһͦ²ͳѪ
ͬʱصƨ˼ƣѩ׵϶ʱֳָӡ 
졭쵰ҡססְʹŶ𣬱
ˡ 
ǾȻ˵ʱƽʱ״̬Ҳ
ֵİˣһ޹ʵ̲סˣ
ġ 
֪֪ղŲҵŤˣ 
޺޵˵ţһͦʵСײƵϷһ
һġžž֮ɼ֮ͣǼп˻ͷס
İڶ˿裬һֻ˲ĸ󣬷ҵı 
ԡԲ𡭡ҲǹġĲǡŶġ
Ұɡ㡭ݺᣬҺɽʺ͵ⴽ
ĸٳȫһ޵⻨޶ 
²⣬һ˵ŮԼ¿ģ
Ƕ϶⵱ȻֵԺͽҲף
龳ɸеһֱĴ̼鵽˲һĿС 
ΪˣʱһĻҲʱݿϣ
֪ʲôʱȻǰɫ죬΢٣۾ճյĿųڡ 
һЦݿϣŬŬ죬ʾʻλãȻ
һƵ㣿ղŲŪˣĴԭ£ 
ԡԲ𡭡Ҵˡʵ 
ž 
һƻ漴һȣʲô 
ƴϢ͸Ų⡣ 
Ӧýˣݿϣǰҡ 
Ҫ 
ðֲǲǣҪݿϣѧϰ˵ţתͷ
˿ѾڸʻϵݿϣֻЦĿĶģ
γˮ 
ءҡ㡭 
Ҳ˵һ߼󿪴ϵĳһĴ򣬰Ļ֮
ƵڶԼҪˣĸٳ
˻嶼ҪڻˣһһĴڳ
鲼ȫÿһëףƨɱĴʹɵֿʹӵ
оڹɽһʶģˣ
һʧص״̬֮С 
ˡ 
Ҳ˷ˣֱŰĿӾϻ϶̼ˣʹ
͵·Ҫըһ㣬Ů˵ѨҲȵѨ
Ľ£رĴʱʱƨɷ
һⲨѨҲǸһˬһֽС 
ˡʶ˵ţѾȫȻ֪
Լ˵ʲô 
סԺҾˣݿϣǶҵŮˣҵū
ҧгݣȻؼʱˡ 
ǡūҵˣ١ˡ˻
ĴС 
оһɽһɵҺӹ
֮ԶԶǿҵĿٶ֪ͣ䣬
ǿȻȻγͬʱһѾסݿϣ㷢Լ
Ŀ£ 
ݿϣ˳ţŴ켫žҺ
ʵ̫࣬һɽһɣʲǺˣһ 
ôƻعͷǰһĻʱ־ߣͬʱ
һԼ壬ǱͿһ㣬᲻˰ 
û˵ֻǰ۾ɽݿϣԺһˬ
˵ı飬ݿϣ۾бƳƣ¶һȻľ
ʱʵ 
˰Σݿϣ³ʱѾ͹ˮ
ճҺûˣЦſ죬ʾľҺȫ
ȥˡ 
ݿϣΪõĿ佱ٻһȻӭ
ǿ϶ı͵Ŀ⣬ԭɵıһӱ
ͫٿȻٴаľâ䡣 
ݿϣһΪԼĲԣֲ̿ʱȴһѱ
ӵ˺ϣǲɴһ漴ҲһУԭ
漴Ҳӵ˺档ŭ㡭ʲô 
ƲĿţܿͷˣΪ
ʱͨǰ粣ϿĵĹ㣬Щһ
һ׶ߵĵطȥʮֺˣ 
һСᣬһʺȻƵԺʹѿڲǡ
 
ǣûһ˿Եʮ侲ǱȺ
Χˡ 
ٶȷǡô졭 
ΪһҰܵļߣƶֶﻹһ˽ģ֪
ȺӶѪ׺թ̣зǳǿĹһһ
һȺ˵в˵ʨԱȴͶﶼҪ 
˳ֳ𸱼ʻλϷŵAK47ͻǹͬʱͷҲص
ڳڱ𶯣ȥ۲һ¡ 
˵ţ³һţ˱Ծߵĳø߶ȵ
ϸһܣĬһ¿жͷǣ 
֣Դ󲿷ֶï֦ܵ赲
ԼԶҲֻƾĵжϴжͷǱΧ 
Թ֮£ǰһΧʮͷ֮࣬
ѾԼһŰΧˣһȼ𣬹
Щ˹ˡ 
찡ô죿ǺѾȺΧˡڳڵ
Щֲ 
̫ģ⳵㹻Ļ䱸ȫӦˡ˵ţ
ֱӴ򿪳ǣվػǹֵλϣʼŪػǹ 
ŶҪƼæֹҪɱǣǲˣ
һҪȻ̬ 
δݿϣô˵ɴ㵣Ҳ΢΢һΪɵ
ǡ 
ŶûеǣҪ֪ﲻΪɱǣǶǹ
в 
ǹǶᱻȺ˺ƬЩᡣ 
ҪɱһѹġԵЩˣⲻ
ĳԡ 
ЩεҡҡͷİɣʵҲûҪɱĴ㣬
ȷȷʵʵв 
ԣɫһɣ漴ô 
ֻԿǹܲǣ 
˵ţһֱûгݿϣȻһֵļУƶ
һѭȥԭһֻǲ֪ʲôʱ˹ǰ
˫ſڳϣɺͷͼҰ׵ݿϣڿ
Ĵϣ֮һ㲣 
Ŷ찡ƾס͡ 
οú£Ĳܽʵǹ⿿צǴ鲣
ġ 
ݿϣԶɻֹסĲ۸תȥҿ
⡣ʱѾٽػǹãҹտ۶˰ʱܼ
㼤գһĵǴ׵ڴк£
֮ײ˶Ĵ졣 
Ⱥƣҫ۵ǹǹЩȺŵù
Ǻɢһӣֻſڳϵǣֱӱŵ÷ڵأ
ڵϹ˺ü²վܿ 
ţȡһףε˳ȥȻûж׼ȺǱ
ȥƫһ룬ȷȺɴɱ 
޴ıըԼĻñܾСȺӾ
ӿٶȼһգۼ䣬ЩƯڿеĵĹâʧ 
ըľҲݿϣܾСӶſϣ˫
ס䣬ը𶯻вѣò̧
 
ˣʱȫˡػǹֵλ 
Сĵ̧ͷĴһ£ȻЩĵĹâ
ˣ˿ֻƸؿڳһŶϵ۱ӣ
Щײеļһˡ 
δأעܵ׾ͱǾͲˡ 
ƺݿϣ뷢һ 
۲һ򿪳ŵ𶯣ȥʰã
ǵҹ· 
˵գ³ȥٵߵǰֽĽã
صϣݿϣеεĴӹ
·æҵĴá 
Ȼϣ۵Сʻ˼֮Щ
ĵĹâٶȳ֣Ҳ֮ǰľţǺԼ
ǿҹҫȺֻͣڽԶλãҽһĿǾ
ǲɢȥںܣ֮ǰС 
Ŷ찡Щһһֱǲţô죿ƾ 
һŷһŵͼһ߿ŵһߵϰ˵
ģȺһ㶼ڲԭشǲʺȺģûģ
ȻѾǽ˴ֵشϸ˵ڴԭش
ȺĳҲΪ棬ֻҪǼȺӦòټ
ˡ 
ŶԸˣưһ 
·᫼Լҹƣʻ൱Ȼݵͼ
ʾпɹʻСں˾·ϳ
Ĳݣе˳ƬĹľҺԽҰǿ
ݴһߵĹľֱѹȥ 
ԽԽܵҲϡһ
֮ڣǼָˣŵ
ƽ֮ı⽥ӿ֪Уӱ
бб˯ˣֻʣһȫעļʻųڴдС 
33 
ݿϣʱɫѾĵĳ͸Ũ֦ܵڵ°߲
ӰӣëޣСĲ֪֦ϷöУӨ
ĳ¶һſ̲ҶϣʹЩҶӴΣС 
ݿϣһдӵʿһעȪ
ϴһ飬ʹˬΪ֮һ 
ȫѹݿϣֳͣһɽµһڴڲҲ
βŶڣƵʱѳӵޣ
йβա 
ʱ΢΢ϣ۾ϣƽȣ˯죬һԵ
ȴӰݿϣﲻһҪ
ʱȻԶжͷ̽һֻڲԶ
֪ʲôרע 
ΣݿϣҲͷ˽Ĵ㣬뵽
Ҳ֪˶òŵһۼ˲˯֮вһ˿
һ飬ԭԼϵë̺ĸϣ
ŵĴ򿪳ţ˳ȥ 
ˣʲôأݿϣƵС 
Ŷˡһ׿ݿϣһָؿڵ 
ݿϣæǸԲҿĺרע͡ 
ûϵưһЦʱ˯û
ķ羰̲ס˵գ
Ǳһ¡ 
ûӦǰۺˣҲ֪˶೤ʱĳ 
ðɣǾͲˣ˯һᡣ 
šݿϣһ 
һʱǰȺϮĻ˯ȥ벻̫࣬
˶ľ׵ĻǶ뵽˵һĻ
ƣѸֳϼ뵽ԼǸģϤݿϣ
ֱ޲תͷܿҲݿϣˡ 
ݿϣҲе㲻ȻƻԺ࣬Ͼϰ
˰Լϵչڱǰο˵·ǵ㲻
裬˵һֽͣĶϿɺͿ϶ԺͿ
ǰˣҲùһزء 
Ȼݿϣ֪ԼС˼ɲҲǳ
ĿǰԼĵλεĳĬһ֮ȿˣֻӵ
ԡԲ𡭡ҲáֻˣŶ 
ɫһ±øˣһŤ̬ŮˣڼȻݿ
ϣ˵ˣҲȥرܵģֻŬһıЦ
Ŷⲻ£㲻÷ϣǾͲһϷһȽϷ
󵨵Ϸ𣿡 
ݿϣеԲ׼Ƶʵ⣬ǳһµ֪
ϲȻҡ㡭ĲĻ
ҡҿԡٸ 
һݿϣ˵Ķ϶˼ҲΪζ
£˵ʵڵģȻ֪ݿϣйϵǶ
൱ĳһ뵽ݿϣǸģǱ˱
Ͳɳζܾòܡ 
ȻҲ֪¹ֲݿϣȻҲֲʵϴһʼ
ʶʱŮˣǸǵķ椣Ҫ˵Ҳ
ӱŮһź˹ϵҲûʸݿϣ
οûӦʲôûб¹ϵ 
뵽⣬ǰסݿϣֵϲ𣿡 
šݿϣӦһ 
ȷϲΪлȳ
 
ƽ㣬Ŷҽƽ㣬ϲԸ
ĻԸΪκ£Ϊм֪е𡣡 
ܺãȻͲ˵Բ˶аȨ 
ǡ 
ûϲⲢҲϲȫ׷ϲġ 
㡭㲻ң 
ΪʲôҪ㣿ҪֵĻ͹Ǹ쵰飬ŮΪġ
˵ţƺ޺޵ĵ˳Ǳһۡ 
ݿϣһЦлл㣡 
ɵϣлʲô˵ţƵƤһЦʵǿǾϵŶ 
ݿϣʱЩƽ㣬ǲ㾺ģҡֻǡ
 
Ʋɡ꡹һЦ漴ˣ㲻˵ˣ
˼ǲ˵ˣһüҵ£ҪЩȫ
¼ 
˵꣬ƼԹԵƬݿϣҲȤ
˿ڵĵطһɽ£ɽ൱ߣͷȥĿ
¶ϵľ泤̦޺ֲ֮һɫ
ľһսʱĴûʲôϸ֮²ŷÿ
ľΪ׳Ҫ˲ܺϱ̸֦ڣգ
Ȼǽԭʼ 
طȻʱʱöܵ˵൱ž̧ȥ
۵ĶһƬ͸֦ɼԶƣ֮
Уη壬̤ȥ 
ݿϣֻںΧԶ߶Ұ澭Ե
࣬ʱȻ̤˽Ϊƽ̹СȥЩƽʱѵһ
 
ˣСģܻҰޡݿϣСѵ 
ƻЦллһСĵģ⣬˵ţ
һںǹݿϣ˻ΣЦЩ⡣ 
ݿϣ΢Цĵ˵ͷתӣ׼գ
Ѱҿ֮ʱһë׵Ķﴳľͷ漴ͨͷ
һ˫ĺڿ˺档 
һܵĺһ漴ۿȥԭ
ڲ׵һ֦ϵһȫƺɫë͹ǵ 
ֻνСһ֪һδԵʮֿɰ
ûһ㹥ԣԵƿ֮󾪾֮ʮ־ϲˣ
ݿϣ㿴ɻǺӰ 
ǱߵݿϣҲ¶˷ɫĿתĶֻ
֦ϣƤ̬СҡҡͷӦòɣҲӣ
û´ĻӦһֻûȫ 
Ŷ̫ˣ 
˷ܵҡҡ֣ƺڶֻϵСкǰ
һͼһĹ۲ͽȻСȴĴ֦£ɿԾ
ʮԶͣ£׳졣 
ƸϽͣ½ŲٶȾСԼҰʧ
žųԼСһģȻ̫ڼ
У˹رϵƣϵʱСùǺ
﷢۹ֽеͬʱתԾգۼʧ 
ˣ𣬱ܣƼæ׷ȥ 
һƲܲ˵ĸСȥݿϣ󼱣æ
ƣҪ׷ˣΣգ 
ͷҲصû£Һܿͻ 
ݿϣЩżôаյ뵽һ
Ұܵļߣԭʼɭֶ˵ȷʵʲôҲûټ׷
ˣʧ 
ʱһȥݿϣԭСʱͿԻˣȻֱ
ȥ˽һСʱ˻ûݿϣЩˣţ쳤
ӵĿܿƵӰ 
ڿʲôأݿϣļ 
ݿϣŵһﲻɵķһС 
ݿϣӦţЦԴǸŶԲ
ˣҲǹġ 
ûûϵݿϣȻҲͷ 
ڿʲôأŶˣأҿһ۵ 
ȥһֻСȥˡ 
ʲôȥʲôʱȥģȥˣּ
ô 
һСʱˡݿϣΪί˵˲ȥΣգɣ
Ʋҵģ˵Ҫܿͻ 
ԲҲó¡ҲʶԼղЩˣ̫
ãͬʱҲ뵽ǸԸݿϣȷǺȰסġ 
ûϵ飬ʵҲż˵ƻ᲻Σհ
ڸô죿𣿡ݿϣһ֮ɫ 
ҡҡͷ˵֮ǲܵˣҵȥ 
˵գתصϣͻǹͬʱӵҩó
ϻ¶Ȼȥûعͷһݿ
ϣվƺЩ֪롣 
Һ棬סһҪĸҺ档ֵ 
ݿϣʱתΪϲղʵһ
ҪȫĶ࣬ûзҲŵĸ档 
֮ǰʻСʮֲˣ᫲ƽͲ˵ˣӲݹľ
ʵϣԭԭʼû·ǿɹʻ
СȻĹΪѲɽ⿪ٳģȻе
·Ǵ˲̤ġ 
ǿԳ֮Ϊ·ط̸ִ֦֮ڣ
ϸǳ˲֪İСֲ฽ڴϵֲӸߴ
赲סнߵߣпΣգЩ
ֲﱾо綾֭ҺֻŶߡ 
Ȼ·У˵ҲһôǾǱȽ׷
ΪĺۼΪﲻܻ߹Щбб̤ĵ
ֲ϶µټ 
˳Щټݿϣһ·׷ѰҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ֻǵ
̤ʱߵϻһĨϼڣ̫Ѿǵͷ
ǻͷֱ£Ȼڵܸܵһ
к¡ 
Ȼ˵ʲôкҺϴӶͷ䣬ϵ·Ҳ
ʪգ۾ɾһ֮ǰݣݿ
ϣЩŲסˣֻǦƵĳޱȣǺ£
ſڴڵĴŴһƣģ 
Ȼͷֵݿϣƣ̬ʱ䲻ˣϵԽãƵ
ؿܾԽΣգֻװ֪һǰУݿϣҲǣ
ƵİΣҧƣָۣ󣬲Ըȡ 
ڣһΪտĵطͣס˽Ųݿϣʱͷ
ȻֻǻеŽŲԸûǰѾͣס
˽Ųɵһͷײĺ󱳣һ漴һЩ̵
ôˣ 
ûлش𣬶ɫصĻɨһܣݿϣЩ
ĿҲһ£ܿҲЩԾвֹһΪĺ
ϸȥϵЩСֲﱻֱ̤ߣֱ
˵ﲻֹһ 
⡭ݿϣԾ 
鷳ָڵ㲦Ū˼£Ȼ
յǰţ˼ 
ݿϣԾסͣβŵᣬʲô鷳Ұ
 
ҡҡͷҰޣˡ 
ݿϣһʶĽߣŵ
֮ԱȻΪǱߵˣ׷ġ 
£ڣҳ˲̫Ǳߵġ
ݿϣļο 
ݿϣ԰˼ĳһЦ漴üͷһ壬ǵ˭
 
Ŀܾԭʼˡ 
ˣݿϣ΢΢һµǺԩ޳Ϊʲ
ôҪץƣмʲô᣿ǸϽȥǣ 
ҡҡͷˣ޷;ܽˡ˵ţ
ղŴյǶŵǸָݵݿϣıǶ˵ſʲô
ζ 
ݿϣӳ鶯˼£һζ 
ٿϡ 
ݿϣͶĿȥֲǣһƬ̣ûʲô
֪ȻǱضвһĵطϸһ£
һƬһɫҪ֪ԭʼɭ֣˼ĵطرϳ
˸ֲͰѵ渲ǵʵʵ 
Ϊ˿øݿϣϸ۲һ£ֳһ
ΧĲݻֳһȦɫʱʲô⡭Ǳ
ǹĺۼ 
Ǳǹĺۼͷһֵ
ԭʼӦòǹһǹܿƿģҲ֪
˼ǹߴˣǿھ͡ 
ǣô죿ڡ 
ô˵ҪҵƣҪˣҪʬ 
ԣһҪҵƣǲܶ 
ͷƼȻΣ˵˵
طΧˣҪӵСģܳһ˿𣿡 
ݿϣͷǣһͻǹǹ˨ԱʱԻ
״̬ȻҪҪϢһ£ҿҲͦˡ 
һŵסǵץʱ䡣ݿϣҡҡͷ˵ 
Ǻãߡ 
˻֣漴ǹǰͷݿϣȻû߳
ȻоҽŲһʱаһáûӦһ
ɼĵٵա 
ˣҶͬʱ󺰣ʾݿϣ 
ȻǳһĽŲӱٲסʱݿϣ
ܵҪקסܿģ̾ͱק
ǰǰ˼󲻵òɿ֣Ŀʮ
ߵϡ 
ǣڻݿϣͬһֻźһһ
ס漴ϵڵأҲͷ½ϵı˰ա 
ԼԽԽԶݿ־ļУֻ۾
ǽıպϡ 
ݿϣ˶˰Уͬǣ
סΣݿϣȴǧһϻȥǿҵѣθк
־ϵķĽڰϵɡ 
ʱϾ˼ֲݿϣһץס˱
ͷ½ϵĵ̬֮ϣֻһֽסͻǹǹڶ׼
棬עܡ 
ʶԼ˻غĵĲԼǵΧ
ˣʱܷųĻݿϣ¾׶༪ˡ 
Һ黹û֣µĲԻأ֮
ǰغûþͱ˷ֲˣӦþͲô
ٳˡʵҲһۣܴ˿ݿϣΧľҲ
صĴҡڣ󻩻ȴӰ֡ 
ˣԾɲҴ⣬һ߬һ
ֻֽͻǹİϣ۾ϸֲݴԣֻҪһ
ݶͻԥĿǹ 
۲˽ӣȷΧûΣգŷͻǹ䱳
ʱȻʮ׵ĸߴһֻ׻ȦסҪ
ڷƣֻҪذ׸ͿԴӸߴ£˶
ܣȻݿϣ˵Ͳˣôߵλõ£ͷ½ϣ
ҲˤС 
ʱϵݿϣѾҡˣҲղ
ˣͷ½ϵĹϵѪҺԣеͷĿѣ
Խķܵ 
˱ĸ߶Ȳ࣬˴Զ룬漴ѽ߬ס
ɿҲʵ֮ƣȻڶԼҡҷ
ԽԽһҡץסݿϣ̶ֱۣס
Լ 
£סҡ˵ͬʱذף˲סݿϣ׵
 
һݿϣһϣ㹭ץסʹ
ݿϣҵƵתصλݿϣǳĺһ
Գ࣬ƳһʱɫٶȽ
סĲӣսս졭찡ҡô¡ 
Ȼȥ΢΢һЦеµĻԱ۾ 
ݿϣһһƳһ棬پЩͷΣ
ȥ 
£ұ֤㲻˵ġ 
ƶٿŵݿϣſ־
ȻĪʧ˴룬ᶨĵ˵ͷţҲ£ڣ
㡣 
Цŵ˵ͷãڱңҪˡ 
ݿϣæսֱֻ֫۽סĲӣҲεļ
࣬һϣ䣬Ѹٸ
ڽϵȻ¿һۣһ߬סֻһ
ɣ˱ٶ䡣 
ʮ׵ĸ߶ȶ˵ʲôҪݿϣҪȷ
ˣйؼҪĹбƽ⣬Լ˫أ
ѱİȫ 
ڳ괫ͳ·ϰ÷׮֮վ׮ʹ
ƽΪǿȻĹת˲֮䣬գۼĹ
ģԼ˫ȵڵ棬һһҡ
С 
ˣˡݿϣɽԼ˿ûɿֵ˼
òһĺѵ 
ݿϣ̧ͷһܣʱһ죬æ
֣뿪 
Ҳ˲úݿϣ̸ЦˣСѰһ֦ɨһ
£ȷΧ׻ûĻˣȻ֮⣬
֮Ҳò 
34 
ݿϣһ̽һǰУҲ˺üأ
зల£ֱ߹ƬΪտĵش½棬
һΪЩһֻڽΪտĵϣ
֦ڽ˶е費˵ģԵٶ̤ʱͲ
ٵֻˣҪСĵľֻǶ֮Ķˡ 
֮µ㼣͸Ϊˣһǳǳ
С֮ǰڴﲻʱҪϵǰ֦ʱǰ
ʲô赲ûУȫһɹһߵС 
·ˣߵٶҲʹӿˣŲϵǰУֽ
ϡ裬Ҳƽ̹Χ˴ƬũＰһЩ
һªéУȻѾ˾۾ӵĴ䡣 
ʱֵ磬Щͷȴɲðվ
ôҡڵ·ϣùּũڴݿϣǰУ
죬㴫˵Ķ䣬ǶԿһۣ˴񽻻Ϣ
ǡƿ϶ǡǼӿ첽ķϹȥ 
һƬïܵĸ֣С̽ͷȥǰһȺΧ
һŵ㵸ˣЩȫΪԣͷëͿ
ɫĲʻ棬ϰ㣬°ΧһƤһ˫ţ
һĶԾֹƺڽĳʽ 
Ŷ찡ǡݿϣһͺ 
ȻҲˣЩ㵸棬廨
һ߸ߵϣһ˿ң޵
ϣԭļúͮͮģմˮһ
ҺܲҲΪˮԵʣֻܵĳĥ˿̵
ʰ״̬ͷ΢΢䣬µĽסİӣżԶһ
¡ 
ڲԶһɫ۵ĸߣʵ˵һ
ۣ˵һϮɫ鲼ϹһһԵʮң
һߵװ޶£ȻһªԵúĴγ
Աȵǣϵװ￰ƻֻͷϴһڣֻ
ϸŲʮ𻷣ҲǽһȦһȦ£
˶ҫ۵Ĺâ 
Զ׼߾Ⱥ˵죬վĸִì
׳Уʮ׿һȺŮŮΧΧԹ
һİˣȫĿתĿųȺ㵸ˣƺ
ڴʲô 
ڸô죿ݿϣԽ˵ 
üͷһ壬ûлشֻҡҡͷʾʱûʲô취
Ҫ֪ԼȻǹԷô࣬ҪӲǲܵġ 
˶һĪչ֮ʱȺΧһţ㵸˺Ȼɢ
ˣмֳһϢٵˣ˱ֱڵϣһ̯Ѫ
ƴ˿ǳ࣬٣ٱ̬֮ˡ 
֮ǰĵȻˣ˵ŵһǱ
ǹ˵ģƣȱҽҩԭʼ°˳ûþˡ 
ȻֻȺ㵸߳һˣһ
ϵǸǹ˵ˣվߴﹾĲ֪˵ʲôϳ
֮ɫΧ۵˵Ļ֮鼤Ƚкһ
ЩΪǰ˿ʼԾԾԣһӵϵ̬ 
ǺҪƲˣ찡ǲٵˡݿϣŵĵͺ
һֻֽסֱۣһֻҪŨܵĸҶ 
ܳ嶯һѰסݿϣȵ 
˿̵ﲻǲƵİΣʵϵǼȺ
ʱҲǷǳŵģ޲ƽȻǸ
ô򲻵ѣɱˣҾǹɨ
ɱˣϤĻ°ƺݿϣȫ
ȥҪֻǵȣһʵĻܳ֡ 
ʱǸվ˫־ôһǼٸ
˶ʱ㰲ǰﲻ֪˵˾ʲô
漴æµ 
ûһᣬһһͰˮͷͷϣʱֻһ
飬ѹǰѹѹһȺҸɫƲ־£һ
һУǿſңſ 
ƷԼȻ壬һӸǾѣͬʱе߳
Ҷˣ˫ȽסͼһŮڼ˵Ĳ
λ 
ءǷҰɣǡƵ 
Χ۵һȺ޶ԣǸò߸ɫĮ
·ڵʲôڲԶݿϣʱҲɣ
˼ôƾȳ 
ֹһᣬ˴Զһ·СܵĹˣֱߣ
ߴﹾĲ֪˵ʲôһֻ߹ޣҲ֪
װʲô 
˵һͨͷߵǰһ
߹޵ĸӽҿȻ󽫹޿ڶƵֻ鷿ȥ漴
һɫճ֭Һؿϡ 
⣬ʲôŵô󺰴УҲ߳ˣ
ҡ壬ʹ˦ǰ⣬ͼⲻҺ˦ȥ 
Ȼһ˫ڴֲȴĴֹĶֻһ˵
˫ĸʵؿڣɫճ֭ҺȵͿĨֻ鷿ϣ
ԼͷĨɹ˪Ƶģһ©ûС 
ÿÿֺ߳ܣ޳ 
һֱעߵݿϣ״оһĻܹ죬һδ֪ĵ
˺󱳶쬵ģ޼ƿʩֻܵȴһʵʱȳơ 
ңǸ˽߹ɫճ֭ҺͿĨƵ鷿Ϻ˿
ˣûһʱ뿴ĿǶɫ
ճ֭Һ鷿ϣƺڵȴʲô 
Ҫʲôݿϣ 
֪ 
ˣͷһ˿ʶĸоɫ֭
ҺĳֲȡҺǿʣ϶ʲôô
֪ǾǻƵʲôж˺ 
ˣ»ûе벻ƺֹĵز˼
ǾȲٹ۲һ˵Ҫ֪Խִ¾ԽҪ
侲һܳ嶯 
ʱһĹȥѹѹĺü˾Ȼûһ˷˷
ַɳɳԼԶˣһ
ֹĽźѹ֡ 
Ƶϣʹԭ˸ʪ͸Ӹ˴룬
ѸٶѻȻʱıɹȴô⣬Ϊ
ϵķǸӵȣ˵Ƿ̣Ǳ˻һ
ڶȱȱɹҪǿҵĶ࣬Ҳӵܣ 
һƵڴڶֳ쳣ĳ죬
죬һͻײҲһйĳڡ 
ܵ鲻ԽŤһҪǰǱʲô
һ㣬о˲٣ɵĵͷһʱŵôһ
֮ɫ 
ԭǰһ鷿֪ʲôʱǴƵһ
ȦԵͷͿԴԼ鷿Եһ;
ϵļۡ 
ˣ嶥ͷҲʹԭֻлװС
һ󣬾滹һɫճ֭ҺԿԿ
ͷεɫ࣬ԭȵĺֺɫڵϺɫ 
˱仯ƾڰݿϣһ
ݿϣֻɴ۾һֻסԼָͣ
졭찡 
ʱǸǰϸ鿴һƵ鷿Ȼĵͷ
תͷǸֲ֪˵ʲôֻ漴һߵǰ̧
鷿ʹš 
ſ쵰ʹʹ 
ܼ߳ˣʹüһţ鷿ʱʹһȦʹ
ñƤļΪĽֻ֮ǰΪھԼ쳣
һʱûüڱ˴ֱһּĴʹл
Ѹʱֻǰһʱܱ󱬡 
˶ƵʹδţԹԵֻ鷿һ
ͣˣȻһֻ߹óһϸϸʴɫ
âһֲﾥ 
ԼʮҵֲﾥȻһֱ߹ҺУʱ
ﻹīɫҺ岻ʱµΣûһסֲ
ﾥжˣһֻһסƵһֻ鷿һԼӴ󣬽
Ҭӱ˺«Σǰͷ͹м
׶΢ſˡ 
ʹᶼˣȻʱ˵ʹΣǿ
壬Ǹϸһֲﾥͷ
ȥɰŵùǺƴҡͷУŶ 
ȻΪΪ⣬ϸֲﾥһĴ΢ſ
ȥֻһĴʹеͷֹסĻ¡ 
ңߵĴʹûгãϸֲﾥԼһ
ҺĴʹʧˣȡ֮һֵ͸УԽԽ
鷿ϣ͸Źͣܵĺܣ 
˶Ƶһֻ鷿編ƣֻϸ̵ֲﾥ
һֱףȥʵ˾û
ѪɼмԵģҰ롣 
ᡭ͡͵Ťӣ﷢ܵ 
ʱһȥֻ鷿ڵ͸ԽԽǿѪ
ѪҺһԵ鷿оһ鷿ֱҪըˣе
Ҫ滺ֱ͸У˫ֱԻ༷Լһ
ӣϧһԴı͸С 
ֹԼӣʵ̲סˣֻ鷿һɺһǧ
ĺڱȴ޷ҵһйĳڣ鷿һһ
ĳţֱҪˣסҡͷţš 
ʱƵͷһԼ˫ͻᾪķʹһȦ
Ϳɫճ֭ҺѸɺԣγһĤΪ鷿Ͷ
һϸƣֳѩ׵⡣ 
ˣ鷿ǰʹһȦֻ˶Ҭӹǰ
˲һ´鷿ٴʹȻǵûٴ´
ͦˣ·˵һ㣬һ΢΢̡бֲ
׵ͷԭһֲﾥͷ棬ھȻ¶һ룬
ƺʲô׵ֲﾥһļ 
찡ô죿ô죿˵ƽ᲻һҪ
ݿϣһеĵ 
û˵עǱߵһһȻҲݿϣĻ
˶ΪٲŰĶԴһʱ᲻
ΣգΪü಻óȻ 
˿ǰһԭһ鷿ɵ˵ͷ
ٿֲֻﾥʱ󲿷Ѿ¶棬ֻʣԼ
һ׵ĲֲΡΡʱܵ䡣 
ʱƲǰôҵŤǵʹͷɢ㷢ס˴
ӣ·ѾԹȥż鴤һµûȫ
ԣֻʶģ״̬ 
תͷ֪˵ʲô漴ǰߵǰֻ˫ֱַס
ֲﾥΪͣһ£ȻȻһͬʱһ
ߡ 
 
Ȼһ˻߸㷢ڿз裬ͬ
ʱɫ֭Һͷ籡ڿлȴ־
㤵Ļߡ 
Ŷҵ찡ݿϣˡ 
ҲǾĿɿڴû뵽ԭʼ侹ȻֶΣ
һŮ˶̵ʱˮ¾ִ
Ҳһ׵ɡ 
Χ۵ǺѹѹһȺ˼ˮʱǿʲôΪ
˵Ƶķ˻һ׼һһ
С̣ǰֱסˮ 
ƣղŷ˻Ϊʹ࣬һּѹƺ
ȻĿУֿвͬ԰ֿ߳УȻûôǿ
ãʹ̼ǿһҲ 
ԼȻˮҲǾŵɫɷףǲ֮
ɫ㶵ĿǰһԺͷϵˮС
һ㡣 
ԼĪ˹˽һӣƵˮŽĻһıС
ֱεδĴֱ䣬ʱС̽ˮת߿
ǹ˿̲֪ǻڵһߡ 
˶£ֱСˮǹ˿ϣһĻ
öһԵ󲻽⣬ôʲô˼ѵǰˮ
ǹ˵鵤ҩˣ 
жû˽СˮϤϣ
ڵһǸˣǣΧ۵
ˡ 
ʱݿϣҲ˶ߣɵǲǰˮ
ҩΪͿԾȵǸ˰ɣ 
Ӧġص 
찡⡭̫ˣ 
û˵ڵǣĹ۲죬Ǹǹ˻
Ӧûʲôϣˣˮϴ˿ڵȻκЧڵ
ǵһǰ˷ˮûܾȻǹ˺ʲôӦ
ƻ׶༪١ 
ȻһȺ˼ڵϵͬ춼ûһ㷴Ӧʱһ
ʼеĴСУеۻ裬֮ŭĿͶѾ
һϢϡ 
ʱǸֱһӣһ˶ʱ漴ֻ߼
˸ƣǼͷȻתæˡݿϣ
ȺæµʲôܿͿˣֻƱ
һľͬʱﱻȼˣȻҪ
ơ 
ݿϣԾסͣҲǡ⡹һ£Ľ
ָƵ˰ϣ׼ƣٿƣʱ
ҲӵŪһ㣬Լ¶ѻСɽľʱҲ
˽ᷢʲô־֣һŤһߴ
ŶҪ 
Щ˶ƵҺ֮ɵæµţܿ
һ׼һֳֻѵ˲ԶȴǸߵ
 
ݿϣļᵽɤˣһԵҲȫע
עųϵһһǱߵƷ·ֹͣ˽кı
۾ȴһ̵١ 
ʱڳļٸ˶ȫǸ߲ǰһ
˫ָ߾ٹͷ۾һ䣬Ǹֻѵ˱ǰȥ
׼ȼһľȻʱһǹ죬ֻѵ
ֱֻ۾𣬻Ѳɵֶɡ 
ͻһĻе˶һʱΪ֮һСᣬϵ
ƺȻŶˣϵ۱ӡء
û˵̲꣬סˮܲӼίм
ػϣϲá 
ܿ죬ٸҲعǷִӸ߳һһŮ
ͬƤˣһǹʱ׼Ҫ
ǸŮˣɷŭ໹ֽ 
ٸŭҰڳʱ˺ƬļƵˣ
ϣŵ˫ȶڷʱҲʮûף֮ǰڰʱ
ʱʱԼҪͣѰʵٳ֣ҲǱڿ
ǰ˵ĥסûɵƼҪʱͲ
òˣֻһһˡ 
֪ҪľǲЩ˶Լе⣬Ե
߳ʱеǹ߾ͷͬʱһһô󺰣ûж
⣬˵ 
ЩԭʼȻ˵ʲô˼ͨ
ٶҲܿóûԿ˼ˣʮ
ֳìݿϣΧסﲻʱ֪ʲô˼ߺ
 
ˣǿ̸̸ġ鼱֮£ӢǸ
ߺ 
̸ʲôߺȻӢһ䡣 
һ漴ϲɫ˵ӢŶ̫ˣ˵գָ
ϵƵǵѣ֮ǲʲô᣿ 
ƤһһЦ᣿Ůɱҵ⻹᣿ 
⡭ҲһʱΪ֮ﰵƲأҿǹɱˡ 
֪Ӧ֮ʱȻеһϮܵĲ
һͬʱֽݿϣסֹʲô⣬һì
ǰ˳ǰ 
˾Ȼں׵ͻȻ͵ϮʵЩ
ޣһѵס쵽ǰĳìǰˣǰһק
ֳìǸ˶ʱվȣǰ˼ɵ
󣬶ʱʱһƺ⣬ƫеĻ˵ĸʹ
ҷһҺ
ͣ˲Ȼȴһգ۵Ĺͱŵڵأ
⻹͵Ϯ״̬£˸סˣܿһ
˻ųìҲһӵϡ 
ʵ˵һӵϣֵҲˣ
Χ˾빥ҲʩչֽţһпԼˣԴ˻
Χҡź״ͬʱʱ滻ڵصˣһԸ
ҲҪݿϣ 
Ȼֻڽѵ˺ºֻͣǻ
ˣס֣Щ˺ްֵ˼һ˱ڵأ
һ̽ϣͬսһ㡣 
ģЩЩô˲֪ôֻ
˺Ƕѣ˺ĻǷʲôֻƾҼ
ǹͿˡ 
ȥǰ취Щһ˺
ֹͣģβɥʧͬʱҲأ 
˼һ⣬ֻԷΪ
ʱȭ磬磬ͶЩĳì׷أͬ
ʱһľĹ˷һṤΧ
ʮֳֳìȫŵ˵ڵϰֹ 
һĻΧĿɿڴǸ߸ɫ䣬ܵĺ
һذˣָŭ־㡭 
ǸʵҲ˺ǣʵǡʼ磬һ
εơ 
ʱڵϵЩ˵ĲҺȻһ߹һתһԭ
Χߵ߳üˣЩ˵̧һ߽о
ΣЩ˵˲ãһ㷢ӹǺĲҽŵ
ЩҪ̧ǵ˻Ų֣֪Ŀߡ 
߾ԭʼԴҲ޲ߣֻŭ
ʱ΢΢һЦʾԼûж⣬Ȼ󻺲
һ˵˵ߡ 
ҲΪֳʾãֻǱϵһܵ
㣬һȺ˰Ŀһ·УֱߵǸ
߶˷γѰȻΪҪ˲
ˣʱ¶һ־壬Ľŵ棬ϵ
Ųơ 
΢ЦĻһܣ漴磬ɿ׽ס˵
ͬʱһִֻļͷʱֻ꡹һ죬Ǵһ
ɱĲҺ 
Χ˷һɧ 
ΪѾкŭɶ׼ǰ
ƴһսʱȴȵķ˷ǵûĴӵ 
˶㵲ѣҲ󲻽첲ȣԼ
ղŻʹҪҪôתۼͻָˣ֮ǰΪԼһ¾
ǲֻ˵ĸ첲ҲǷˣû뵽ôһһԼ
첲ȫˣܸղôһ˲ʹĪǰƤ
ħɣ 
ôһ룬˲˾ηܴʱҲѻȸ
Χ۵һȺԭŭӽɢȡ֮Ǿȣ⣬
һ˿˿塭 
û˵ֻ΢΢һЦȻƵĴ˿ʹһ㴹
һԵǸ˵ļ򣬽űһ˵ߡ 
ԭղһսУʹ뷴ؽڵַЩ˵ĸ첲
ŪѾˣʵԻҽ˵ʲô㲻ˣ
ﶮһؽѾʣ˾ͻеʹޱȣɥʧս
ָ˵Ҳ練ơ 
֮ڵϰֹʮȫ½ѾʵĹ
ڻָΧԹ۵Щ˵ıҲһķ˱仯ɾȵ
ٵϲֱϲص˹Щָ糣˱һ
ֳڰ˷ܡ 
ǸߴʱҲЦݵ˹˴Ĵָͬʱ
ѣԭҸղŶ񡣡 
ЦҡҡͷʾԼ⣬漴ָĽĿͶ԰
ϵƣȻ⣬˻˻֣漴м˹ȥ
ƴϽ 
Ƶ˫Ÿһأ˱ѵ̱ݿϣϽȥ
ǳ壬漴ĿȰͶȻϣ
ԼһѣƷ 
һߵȴʵЩΪڶ˽Ŵ
ӵ̸ŨҲƲȥע
ơ 
һ֪﷽Բﶼԭʼأ
䣬ӵв߰ˣ㲻ϴ䣬ǳԭʼ
ڵ֣Բ״̬ 
ҲΪ״̬ԭʼ˶ǿôأǿ
ȴĳݺ;ΪԭʼĻֻǿ׳˲ܻ
õԵ¶һָ񶷹̱㽫Щ
ˣټ޶⣬Щ˵ƻָЩ
ԼһˣΪĿˡ 
ȻĿȻúúõмӣȥ
ҪúдԴˣӦˣϾɫӽ
ˣҪһˣȻ֮ǰسϣҪݿϣ
رƣǾˣԲԾĴЪϢһ
ٻȥİ£̧ƣһڶ
ĴӵºƺƵн 
ӵĹһ˱˴ڣʱѾ˻ӭʽ
һȺŮŮظ裬ЩŮŮȫһ˿ңȴ
࣬ΪЩȫͿͲʣӶӾڸ
٣˵ĸоԭʼҰԺʹ 
ҹɫʱĵĹ㳡ϸַǷȼһѾ޴
𣬴Ůȫһ򳪻ȻʱЩ
ŮӭʽŴƣȻ൱¶Ůˣ
͵Ů˼ǳ㣬ҲͽƤΧؿϣ洩ż
Ĳȹ޹˼ɵҡԾš 
ΪȻҲһһ߳Ժһԭ
ʼҰԵ赸ƣߣټܵţһӾͱ
ŽһȥϢˣûԣݿϣԸµҪ
չ 
ʽĸСʱŰݣʱҲЩ
ˣϯóдľҲ֪ʲôģʱ
˿˿ɬһ㣬ζ൱Ǻ󾢷ǳ󣬵ȵܸо
ʱȻǲǣͷԻˡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
ԺоؿںһѶѹţȴأ෴
еΪо壬ʶ̧һָǷʮ㣬
һϸ̽Ҳ֪Լ߸һŮˣԴҲ
ôԾΪ⻳ﱧݿϣ 
ǣ§˯ĸӳˣһ˯Ҳ֪˯˶ãֱȻ
һв˹ȻʱųԾķſվ
Ƥ𪣬𷢱۵Ůɣݿϣ˭æͷ
һԼߣȴʶŮ 
㵲ѣ̧Լ̫Ѩʹ˼£Ȼҡ
ҡͷ⡭ô£ҡ㡭ǡ 
״εģݿϣ˴˵۾ﶼ
͸ŲȻ񣬵漴Լͬġ꡹һЦ 
ʱߵŮҲˣ۾Ҳ
޹˼ɵԼϰչ¶˵ǰ漴
˵ȻЦĿһԼ
ĥؿڣһŮ֣ŵԼϡ 
ŮĶȻ󵨻ֵϵıȴû֮
ӦĶ⣬ôȻƽ·һȻ
ˣòűˡ 
ʱ˵ȫôһˣ־ȣ
ͶͱŮǽܲǣƾҲǣѾء 
ʵʱҲϡеӡˣͬʱҲϳ˻Ů
Сţǵʱܵİ˸еǵ
˵д˵ķ֮һޣԽĿ޵
Ů˵λԽߣһĿ˾ֻͨڵ㣻Ҫһ
˾ɲλϸߵˣ糤֮˵㣻Ǳ
ΪĿˣԱͳߣ㡣 
ϰʵжţֻû뵽Լϣ֪
׵ĵûбڼԭʼĲ
ǵִͷʽǾͻᱻΪеΪӶ£
Ϊ˲Ҫ鷳ǿƿŮ 
μ䣬ſڴһɳƵЦӰ
ƼݿϣæݣЦƺЦ
ľֶ̬౻һ˿ˡ 
Ȼȱʾ˶ĸлȻ㲢
ã࣬¶ЦݣʮָˣɵĹ
Ц 
ŶҵѣԸĻסա 
ǺǣûҸʮයһЩʱġ 
˵ѾѸٴ·ŮΧһ
ƤȻǰ϶ֹһﹾ˼䣬
Ҳ֪˵Щʲô 
Ҳ˼䣬Ȼ˻뿪ˣƺݿϣ
͸ŽֱߣҪٶסʱư
һѡ 
ȻƵ˼ӿһҲˣϾ
ɥڴˣɲʲôľ֮Ϊ֮ҲΪԼ
˵ʵҲﵢˣлĺ⡣ 
ŶǺðɣѣףһ·ƽһźı
 
˫ֺʲһԱлݿϣҲæպ«ư
ʮָˣЦ߰ɣҵΪ
С 
ʽڽʱлӭʽǸھУҲûʲô£
ǳԭʼ裬ԴˣȻоЩȤˣ֪Щ
ʽĿԣܱ˿Ĳͣһ㲻мһӣ
ֻӣȤӿųϵıݡ 
ԼСʱ֮󣬻ʽڽƺݿϣ
һȺ˻ָһһ̤Σհԭʼ֡ 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
Ŷ찡ڴطˣϵ۱ӣ߳һξ
̲סµĻ׵ 
ô㻹֪°ûӦ 
Ʋ˼ĵͷԵʮӣһߵݿϣ״æ
㲻ҪˣҲ벻ŪãǶ
ǰȫˡ 
ݿϣԲҡһǸε 
̾һҡҡͷˣҲ̫ˣҿһδ
Ҷûʲô£ϣҪһˡסԺǧܵж
κ´ҶҪһֱ߳Ƭ֣֪𣿡 
ƹ˳ĵ˵ͷȻΪ־ļߣҰⱼҲʹ
Σգûһһ˾գ˵һʵ
ʵĸ֮ܵĿ־оڻ
ҲҲЩɥľʹ̵ʶҲԭ
Ķһˡ 
ˣڸоôƵز
Ѿ˿ɵԲװһʱҲ鷿ԭʲô仯 
ɫʱһ죬ͬʱһ˿ǣû˵һԵݿϣ
ӿڵƽԭ࣬ڿѾָԭˣ
ңҡ 
ݿϣĻ£ֹƣƺڹ۲ķӦ
һΪʲô˺æôˣ˵
 
ֳ֮ɫָָжæ㲻õģ
㿴ڲǺúõȺҰȻʮֱִҺöҵ岢
ûɴ˺Ϣһͻûʲôˡ˵գΪ֤
˵Ķʵı˼¡ 
֪ڹɣʵͬȾʱҲò
һйԴԵɣԭΪŮ˵ˮʥ֮
Ů˵鷿Ҳһͼһĳݣ˷ǳڸŮ˵鷿
Ϊ֭Ʊħɵ˺ԲϷһĻ 
ڿȷľƵ鷿Ѿıˣûʲô֢
ͲˣҲ֪ǰҲһ˽ǲ֪Ĳҩ鷿
λʲô˺ 
ĿǰƳ鷿֮ûʲôӦ
ɣ鷿ı仯⻷Ҳϸ˽⣬
ǵȻȥ˵ 
ûʲô¾ͺãץʱϻȥ˵ 
˳ԭ·أһ˵ٶҪʱˣҲһСʱһ
ʱ伸˱ص˺ͣĵطԭͣ
֮УϾشԭʼϡ٣ǰѳһ
Ҳû˶֮ǣʱȫ
ֶռˡ 
ںķվͷ̫ɣһŵ
ĶԳţʱĴŲ﷢֪Ǹ˻
ǽƵĺڳϣмֻ֪еţֻ
ӼܻǹĿ˳ڣٲȻﵱԼѣ
ֺǣڳӵĵ¾Ȼһڴ֣׳Ĵߡ 
Ŷ찡ǵĳЩһռˣô죿ƾ 
ﻹãֻһ߽ͻɢӿΨһоֵľǳ
ߣΪҲûйԣҪǱҧһǿɾͲ
ˡ 
һᣬ漴ǹӵǹʱͷɼ
ǼֻĴɢգۼ㲻֪٣ȻȴΪ
̧ͷ³ʺӣƺڱﱻ˵Ĳ 
ƺݿϣɱŵ÷Լͬ˵
 
򲻵ѣǲ˺Ķˣ
ǹͷϡˣ룬漴һʯͷ
ߣַǡô᲻أƫеĴͷϡ 
Ȼоʹֻһɳɳ죬̳һһ
٣ܿһֱγ˳ףǲûԶ룬ͣס漴һ
̧ϸߣ·Ǳŭһ㽫ſķȼһٰʮȡ 
ݿϣŵʧУݿϣ˫ס۾
̱ڵء 
ʵ˵Ůˣ˿ҲǵսľаԼʵ
Щçײûа߸ߣŭˣֻʺ綾
ƵĲϳ³Ѫ̰ſĴ첻Ŀɭɭݣ
һһʺһһģ 
ƣʣȻʱ׼ð
һ亹ΣͷҲ˲ʲô˺˺ֻѸپǹ׼
ͷ­ͬʱˣ죡 
ԣƻæסҪ̱ݿϣȥȻҲΪ̫ţ
ûܳݿϣһˤˣקײŽ
ǵײײܳʮ׺󷽲ͣסŲƳô˼϶Ƴһ
ۣ˭֪ƳãһƳʱ׻ŵϴȴǰҲ
ɫǾ 
ôˡϢδݿϣһ߸ؿһʡ 
δţݿϣʱʶ϶вõ鷢²һ
æתȥ뿴׷ʲôˣȫǰһĻʱ
߶һʹȥ 
֮Իƺݿϣ˷ӦΪǰһĻʵ̫
ֲˣֻԭںţҲһξߴ˿ȴ
ϣſѪŽһ߶һľһڲУΪ
ҧУֻס߾ơһһڵ
ȥĲ 
ԭ֮ǰѾŭںŵʱһܵ˾ţ
žݿϣһˤҪ֪ߵ̫ãȴ
УԵݿϣˤʱ̾ͱ߲׽ˣӶʹñ
ڴ״̬תΪ״̬߾һĴ˳
ȥֱ 
Դˣ׼Ҳ£ϵĿ۶˰Ȼû
뵽ǣеͻǹȴؼʱ̿ˣ亹ʱಡһ±
ĶͷðתӿȻˣ漴ͷͳ
ǰǹǴ׼ʵʩʱߵѪȻˣ
ĸܵǹ 
36 
    ͷ˼ķһӣͻǹǹкݺݵͷϣ
߳ʹƫһߣβȴʵʵɨȽҲɵ
ɨڵأ漴׶೤ӰΰӣСһֱ
Ƶؿڣͬʱͷ­߸ųһٰʮȵĴ쳯ͷҧȥ 
    ˿ǻһֽ̱Դˣ˵
κʱ򶼲ܷϣɫʰ쵵ѪɫԨһ
ڣǰɭɭļϸͷҪëֻ
۾ȥӣͬʱ˫ס⻬߾ҧ 
    ʵڶвĵʱɵ߿ڣǽ
ϵߵǳǲսһֹһյ
ʹѣǰһ飬ʹ촭 
    Ȼֶﲻ˽⣬Ҳ΢֪ĲʳȽ
ʵʧȥֿȻɣ˵ߵҪǿ
ˣҪҪľĲʡ 
    ǿҵʹڵκһ𷭹ֱ
ʹÿһ鼡ⶼСɽһǿҲʹ߸о
ʹӿ񱩣ϵһ
⻬Ƭϵ·Ħɳɳ̶ڲĹ
ѹȶĿһͷһ˴ĵ
⣬ʹ˱ 
    Ŷڣѹһ˻Ҫ 
    ȻڱŭеڷβɨѵϵʯмӲ˦
ɽʱƱ˵ȥˣǿҲοÿ࿴һۣ
ϼֻ֣»û߱Ͼ̱ˡ 
    𡭡Ƶͼɼһ䣬
ֳֵ·ǴǻƵġ 
    ô졭Ƽ޴롣 
    ûд𻰣Ҳ֪ڸô죬һ֪ǾǼ
ôȥǰ취³ǻȻɡ 
    ʱƣоԽԽ죬ؿǱǧʯѹһ
㣬༸ҪѹƵܣǰ󷢺ڣѣθһǿ
һҲֱӵ˫۵Ľŵһͷ 
    УȥɡΪ꣬漴һ
ðһҲһ򶨣
漴ŬһȻһҧȻջһֻ֣䡣 
    ͼȻͳǰǹһǵ
ߵ߾һֵֻ͵ߵĴһ±Ž
࣬ĸܵŷϵ 
    ָоʮֲֿǿҲͷƤ飬󷢺
ѪҺƺЩˣȻͷǣڳֻ
ʱŷϱסָ޷ǹͳ 
    ʱס߾ֻҲֵס׵ˣͷ
߿еһɾ޴ͷƤƺҪ
׵ĺԨͬʱǻڵҺȳޱȣѬͷۻ
ȥͷƤը˵ǣߵʺǰѪɫĺ
Ѹţ˵ĿԼһ㻬ߵʺ
ɽ߸ 
    Σͷ׼ǹֻѸٿס߾ֹԼһ
߸»ͬʱһֻסߵ򦣬ʹڱպϵٶ
ȻԼͷ˳߿ڡ 
    Ȼĵܵҵİڶ˼£˦ͷ
Ŀѣס߿ֲֻһ漴һĵʹɾ˹
ԭߵһżѾҧסĺ󾱣ĺ֮Ϊ֮һͣ
Ҳ޷˳ֺˡ 
    ߵݲǶԸĹþֹԼĿǻ
ļϸСȻݼ󾱼ʹѣ
ȴ˺ 
    ʱĵʹͷ侲Ȼ뵽
ǹ֮⣬ĻﻹкüذףǿžʹĶֱۣ
ָצݺݿǻϣŬ϶𣬶һֻ
ϰȻҲţذڵλûбס
ڳһذס 
    ˵ذԶǹһذ״Ҳǹ
ܱģԾܴʱѾΣڵϦʱ߸ʱ
ȴ侲ˣѸٺһ£òֱذ״ϣΪͨ
֮ǰĲӴϵƬΪӲһʮֹ⻬ֱȥ̺
˵ԼԼͷǻĿ¡ 
    ǣĿǻŬĽպϵ߿ڶһɹֱ
ķ϶Ȼǻֻ߬ذ׵˽ݺݵĴǻڵ
ϡ 
    ŴѪʹڵϾҵķӶҲĸ
ŹȥͬʱʵĸӽˣȻҲŭˣҪء 
    ʱԼ߹Ǳյġ֨֨죬ʹ糱
ˮϯ״̬ˣϵĶ
׺˹ϵ䣬ټ߿ǻɣѪ磬̼䣬
ǻڵȫذϡãۣԵȲλ
֧顣 
    Ȼ˵ԾʹĳҲ˼ޣѿʼܲ
ʹˣǰѣθһǿһʶǱģ״
̬Ҳ֪˶ãڣеǰһڣ˱㳹׻ȥ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
   ѣѰ 
    ͦںִ֣Ų
ǴңԶʴߵૣʱУʱģ
۾ƤǧأŬʼֱ̧
һ˿գհĸɺԺʶƮɢ
ۺһƤҲſ 
    Źߵ룬ģǰƣγӰ
У״̬ûбֶ೤ʱ䣬ûһᣬҰͻָ
Ҳ׵ѹ 
    ߣߡﻹŸղǿֲһĻһͦ£
ܡ 
    Ŷҿûˣûˣһжȥˣһѱס
ĵ 
    ֻԼһŽʵָеԵ⵱
У˵Ҳ֪ʲôλǸƽʱȻһ飬
Ǹմӻѹܻûȫָ
ܿͱЩܶ 
    ״ƵؿϰѳЦ㱧̫ˣ 
    ŶԣԲ𡭡ƻŲɿ֣Ǹ 
    û£ЪϢһͺá˵ţ£Ϣһ
ᣬ漴վȣضȷԼûˣ
ǵøղں߲ʱȫĹͷ·𶼱ʲˣǰ
߹ǣʱ·˶ʱĴȻ൱ˣһ
 
    ٿߣλ𣬵ײλͼֱǲҲ̶ˣ
Ѫ⣬Խģ׵ģƵģ֯ɫϽһ
𣬼ȵѪȣ֮Ż֮򺮡 
    ǵøϽ뿪üͷһ壬Ҵҵ 
    ҪҪϢһ£ա 
    У̴ƵĻѪ̫أҰ
ޡ 
    ƷһղһĻѾɢˣɲ
һΣæáǿߣ졭 
    ˣݿϣأ׼ȥϿտҲ
һ 
    һĶͷһȻˣˡ˵ţ
ɱʮ״һ£Ȼתæ 
    ߹ȥŷֻеݿϣɾôˣ 
    Ȼŵˡ 
    ŵãһ㶣˼ôһ£һ߽
һߵҪɣ 
    Ӧû£Ҳ쿴ĺǸմǸ
̼ʵ̫һֱڶûѹ 
    Ȼȷݿϣûʲô󰭣Ȼٶ˵ʲôٵĽ
ȻҪ׼ʱȴϼʻգգ۵㻹
ǶϢϢ 
    ⡭ΪԥһµðɣСģ 
    ģҵĳ൱ġ 
    ˵ţʱ֦ҡεϸȥ
͵͵˻ŵһ飬ͷһأææͷ
ݺݵĲһţŷĺӴĺȻǰڳת
ۼʧڴֻ̡ 
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
    һ·Ϸ¶ޣİ˻ص˿Īɣ򣬵Ȼ
ԼѾȫˣһƬڣȻûڼңҲ⣬
֮ǰͽ׿иչˣԼڵЩ׿
ס 
    Ŷڻˣϵ۱ӣһݣƾһƣ״̱
ɳϡ 
    ƣݿϣ;н࣬վм䲻֪Ǻãֻ
¿ţȻļҰ㲻˵㻹һ
ô˰ 
    Ŷ֮ǰҽиһѣھȥú
ϢϢȥһ 
    ڻȥôɣȥҲٰȻ
 
    УҴһȥϷǣԽ׿ӻ 
    ôô׿أ 
    һµʵ·ѾˣҾ׿һߣȻ
Ҹȥѧ 
    Ŷһ⡣ƵͷȻǾͲ
ȥѧˡ 
    ѧ𣿡 
    Ȼȥѧõѡ񣬵Ҳ֪ף
׿ȥϷǻ֮߰ԱȽϿ׳еĹȥѧ 
    û⣬ҿΪ׿ṩһЩҪ֤Ƶ 
    ¶ϲɫ̫ˣ׿ȥѧҪܹ
ǱҲԵְˡ 
    һֱû˵ݿϣʱڵģһعһ
õ 
    Ц԰ݿϣĸݲԱȫ顣 
    ǺǣҾлл 
    ŶΪĺܸˣҲǳ⡣ݿϣ 
    ЦЦ漴Ϣһ£ȥ׿˳ԵĻ
 
    ˼ţгֱǵļңҲǺ
ԶﳵҲʮӾ͵ˣǼǸˣ׿ȸԾ
ǰһѱסһϵŶ磬ڻ
ˡ˵ţ˵һڡ 
    Цһ׿ƶƨɵ㣿С
һ 
    ׿ЦĴȻգգ۵˱Ҹ
Ŷ 
    Ȼ׿⻰˼쿴ǣҲ
󵨶ң͸һ˵ķ顣 
    һؼȥס磬סɣҲ 
    ׿¶ƤЦݣȻתҪ뿪漴ס
ԭίŮһԾǣɴ۾
ʲôҪ뿪ĪɣȥϷˣ 
    ǵģͶ 
    ⡭ǡôأֺּ޵ 
    һ㶣û⣬һʱ֪λشʱһԵ
Цǽ㣬⻹򵥣һ߲ˡ 
    ԣ׿˵ĶԣҲһߡǶŵ 
    Цѣ׿һۣȻǣӦ侲һ㣬
˵ˣȥϷǲΪǱ߹ȥ棬ΪȥѰˣ
黹൱Σգ׿һȥҲǵ֮ȥ
ѧһ㲻ܸһߡ 
    ŶµľΣգҾҪһ𡣡 
    ⡭پͷʹѣ룬ôӲȰ϶ûЧ
һתҪȥϷҲڰ㿴ɣᶼû
ɣΨһˣþôһкô
뿪 
    Ŷǲֳԥ֮ɫ 
    ̳ȴҿҴ׿ߣǱ֮
ϵͬȥϷǲҲ뿪壬ٹô 
    Ŷá׿Ƶ 
    ⡭Ǻðɣ㵽Ǳ֮һҪ
ϵŶ 
    İɡЦҲϵ׿Ҳϵġ 
    ԰ǽ㣬ͷİɡ 
    ҲЦˣ漴УǾô졣 
    ֽ˼䣬ҪǼĶд̹ɣϿ
ԼһЩǹ֧ҩЩģǵɣת 
    Щ£Ŵ׿صң֮׿ֶ֪
һŮˣɴЦ磬֪ΪʲôԸǽҹҹ
ˡ 
    ֪ʲôϹ˵û 
    ׿һЦǰͺȵסݿϣλ㣬ʲô
ҽ׿ 
    ãҽݿϣ׿ 
    ݿϣһʼеִ٣ʱľне㲻֪κͲʶ
˴򽻵׿ʱ˲٣һеϲ
ƤͺڣģС 
    Ŷ׿ƽ𣿡һԵƼ׿žͺݿ
ϣ˵ûƵģɷһ˿Ͳ 
    װƽ㣬ô㣿ݿϣǵһ
ңҵȻкˡ 
    һЦ˵һ׿СɳǰȻһ˵ϣ
Ц¥һţʱȻ׿һƷһΪ
ĺ 
    ƽ㣬㡭⡭ô䣬ˡ 
    ᣡÿ㻹󡭡 
    ԭʱ׿˫ְƵؿϣǼȷĸо
㵵˵Ҫ֪ǲ֪鷿ĴСΪ֮ǰ
סһǴȥ̹ɣϵǰһϣһξ˯׿
˯һ𣬱˴˶޷׿Ȼء 
    ȻûйϵԲѾˣϾһ
T ͹Ѿǳˣֻһʼ׿ûע⣬һϷ
Ӵֵĸожϳûд֣һס֮һ鷿һ
عŷֹ 
    ׿סˣͬʱ˫ֻƵؿϣʶĵ˼£
Ūһرֻ鷿
ڹѹ߾׿
֡ 
    ȻҲ֪׿ı仯̫ڲŻС
ƤˣƵĽǳţͬʱϵӴ˼֣
ֳԵָ᲻÷ſ 
    нп಻ֻԼ֪鷿ԭ࣬
˵ˣԼһ飬ڱ׿Ҵһ
˿òļܵˣһ˴룬񶼱ˣ
ǴϢдһ˿ͣԼȻҲоˣ֮ƿ׿
׿ſϣȫû
Сƿ 
    ҵ찡⡭ô¡ôʪˣ⡭ѵ׿
ȻǷ´½ƵĴСС 
    ߵú޲Ҹطȥԭ˫׿̼·ڳ
֭С֭ʱġ̡
ؿʪһƬ 
    ׿֣ǰһ׿ 
    磬ƽ׿ԾŴ͡ 
    ƽ˵˺ԲŻӡ 
    ǡô죿 
    ֪ô죿ֻԣʱƼһ˿ЦݵŶ׿
û£㲻õġ 
    ʵϣԴ˵뿪֮һоͼӽг̣ûע
Ƶ˫ĺ֢仯ԼûĹϸ鿴һֻ֪
ǰ࣬Ϊ鷿ˣ֮ǰȻòˣǾ
ôֱT 鷿·֮ĦÿһǺ΢Ħ
һ¶ 
    Ȼ˵û£ı仯Щʼδû뵽
˵ǲ֪ĲҩȻôЩĴɳһߺ
ԡҡ 
    ׿Ŀܽԡң漴Ŀתûķ˰
۵ʲôϽʰĶȻϢһ 
    Ŷ֪ˡ׿Ӧһ漴뵽ʲôתգգۣ
Цǽĸһ˯أǶúһ˯ɣ 
    ֺֺЦһݿϣֻɫ΢Σͷʹ
ţɫŤӣһ漴ⲻĵ£
Լȥɡ 
    ׿Ц뿪ˣߵݿϣǰһЩԵģ
Ե㣬ȻƳҲԵ㣬ҷһ
춯һЩϸڡ 
    šݿϣ˳ĵͷ 
    ЦЦתصԼ䣬ʵԼҪĶ࣬һЩ
·Լ⼸µǮͻûʲôҪˡ˿
ɨӷÿһһ˽ʮ
طĸǲض˵һԤУԤԼ뿪֮ǲ
ٻصطˡ 
    ˼ǧҲ֪˶ãȻƺݿϣٳûй
ٿʱ䣬Ѿȥʮˣ²֣
ôڻûԸôʱ䣿ʲô˰ɣ 
    ôһ룬ϽԼ䣬̽ͷһӱѾûˣֻһ
ЩʣµʳϣʱһܿͷΪ
תۿԡҵĲӰζԡ 
    ҡҡͷƺݿϣһ·ϵദ࣬
ԡϴԡһˡһһ߾ԡңҪһʱȴ
Ȼ洫һֵ 
37 
    ͷһе㲻ԼĶ䣬Ϊ˵ʵ
̫Ϥˣ鶯ֹһεֻ
ǰĶǸһ˵һȴһҲ
ΪŸеĳԾԾ֮һĴ̼
ѪҺЩٺͷˡ 
    ƺݿϣ񻣬ɫϳ˵ŮˣǻǸɫ
Ҳˣɫ߿ݿϣĶԴһ˿ƣ
˿̸ԷȻһÿһ˶
һǿҩѸٵѪڡ 
    Ŷᣬ㡭ǡôСеۡ
ߵԡҵĲǰʱƮĴĶ䡣 
    ƽ㣬̣ȫ¶˯ȣ
ûģ˵ˣǶúúϢŶ𡭡˵ţݿϣ
Ȼһű֡ᡭ
ң١ҡҲŪŪ˰ 
    ԡԲ𡭡ֻץסû롭 
    ƴ˵ţȴȻһηһб⣬
ͬʱݿϣˡһУ·ǿʲôŵһ
㡣 
    ȻûĿԡһĻƾŶԻȫ
ʲô¼֮ú棬ѾȲҪһĻ
ֽƿһ϶ 
    ѺŮ˷ܹϵǵޱȵ
⣬λһ¸еԴ죬Ѫţ
µ˲佫ڿŵĽޱȡ 
    һƵưƨϴֳϣžӣͷ΢΢ţ
һƬ죬ɵɬһ촽ҧţǿѹ
ʲôʵظҵţһմ£һıֱ
żŵ棬Ĵȼⲻʱһ 
    һֻϴֳص̨ϣһֻվǰݿ
ļϣʵ˵ݿվǰ˵ſϣ˵
弸ı˴˽š 
    ݿһ˿ңϴһɫ£µ°ڿ
סƨɣǹŵ˫ȺͳŽţԵ
ջһ㣬ΪǱͷˮˣʪ͸ʪİɫ
½Ƥ͸ĺɫȫֳһȦ
ɫĶֿ 
    ˣݿĳ绹Ƴ£¶һػԲļ򣬻
ǺɫֵļݿƺѾ˲Щˣֻһֻֽץס
Ƶһֻ鷿ָݽ嶥ͷŰɫ֭
ϻ֭ĻݿϣԼǡ 
    ԣݿϣղŵоΪƵ鷿ͻȻ
˴֭⧲ıһƴʱϺķ·𶼿γ
Ѫ۾һڴڵĴϢšԡԲ
ҡ 
    糱Ǹղűǵʮܵ鷿ݿϣȻ
һʹ֭˲ļȳˬ鲻Խһ˻
սֱҪιȥˣȻȴǼȵ߳ܺѿ 
    ֮ݿϣϻָɫ̧ĨһպǣЦ
ûϵֻҪ̼ͺãŶôֻ鷿о𣿡 
    ŶãöˡƴĻӦɫˡ 
    ݿϣЦһƽ㣬ɵ㣬ⲻĴȫΪ
κ 
    ŶллллİοЦЦɫȻ࣬ݿϣҲ
һǣоԼĺùۣҲͲô߾ˡʵϾ
֮ǰݿϣͺܺãǽк֪ݿϣĹϵĻ
ڰ뱻ϣ̸ѣҲǴαǿн
һϷ֮ŸоݿϣĹϵһ㣬Ҳ˶ѡ 
    ղһԡΪ׿ֶ֭Ϊ
ϴһ£Ȼ󻻼·ˣû뵽ϴĹ鷿ԽԽǣ
֭ϵּ֪δеѿ
ǣͣĲͷ֭ԽԽȣԽԽ
ɶƵڡ 
    ʱ漴ݿϣеʺԭ
Ƴٳûг̲סʣһʼȻԼô
˶Ǳһ棬תһ룬и˰ԼܱԼһûͷӬƵ
֪Ҫǿסɬˡ 
    ݿϣܴƲûж˵ʲôΪʲôٳûгˣ
Ҫľǰ鷿֭ųȻһֱܵġ 
    ΪȻļǵõǰ˸鷿Ĩϲ֪ҩ
Ǹܾ֭֮ͺöˣ֮һֱûֱ֭
졣 
    ȻǻҪԼ΢һԼ
鷿ǹ˵һ飬鲻Խķ˵ 
    û취ѹ鷿ֻ֭ݿϣˣΪ˽鷿
жȣҲΪԼѣԵô룬һʼͣͷ
ˮͷ£һܿ˶˸ʪ͸ݿϣֻȥ׺ͳ㣬
ֻǼ£㡣 
    һȫ㣬һ㣻һббĿϴֳϣ£һ
빭ƨɸʵվڶԷ˫֮鷿ƺͶ
ⲻĥʱ˵ˣݿϣҲ˸оϷ
һĺΣҲһʼôˡ 
    ʵϣⲻݿϣһκͬԣϷ֮ǰ
ֹһκǸŮ飬ų⣬
ôòñ˴˶ܵõĿУֻѾǸ
һʱѸٻصȥǸɫھһʱӦеһ
ͲȻȻʧ 
    ƽ㣬ֻ鷿֭ 
    šһȻʱ࣬⣬
ģӬţݿϣֱӡ 
    ݿϣգգ۵ڻʽų֭òã 
    ʽʲôʽ 
    ˵ţݿϣͷƲŵĿºס
͵һźҰϺɫͷ 
    𡭡ҪƲһУʶľҪƿݿ
ϣȻָ׼ʹ漴һԭǰеͷһһ
ӿ֭˲ӿļ泩Ŀվһ
һɢֻԭҪƿݿϣĴļͷ﷢߳ܵ
 
    Ǽȵ߳ܣȻĿȴǳɱǿҵķ
ᣬԼ֪Ϊ̫ˬ̫߳ˣ֪ʱȻ
סݿϣͷְԺ󣬷·ҪͷԼ
˫Ȼݿϣƨɺ˾צһס 
    ݿϣе㴭ǼȷסĿڱǣ
ǻͬʱƷ㣬ԴԴϵ֭븹У
ô̼ˣֻԼһӤʳǸޱȵ֭
Լһ͸˵ƴѹեŮ˱֭쵹ĸо
˷ܵĻһϸܵĸ 
    ŪŮ˿еݿϣȻоһ˿Ծһ
ԼѹȶһºЦԼʵˣ첻ǣר
Ūǰ˶ȻʱֻԼƨɱ߷ֿ
ʶΪΪ;ķƵ˫ֻһֱ
ԼͷƬû뿪 
    ݿϣʱþҪкﱻ˶ͷ˸ʵ
ʵֻܷʵƺߣͬʱӾҪŰưצĲơ 
    Ȼ漴ݿϣҲãΪһպ˵Ȼ
Ѩȵ¶ȣǿµӲһǰһڣʩ
һֱ 
    ʱݿϣԴһƬհףҲû뵽Լʱᱻ˴
ˣһϢһ㶯ûУ̫˼ˣ 
    ûмݿϣڶݵʧѸٻعζʱ
ƵĻ̧ͷһ˻ͬʱҵİڶӣҪ
ѨǸ˦ 
    žһĻ֮һ𶯣 
    ݿϣȻһ˭漴һﳤĺһ
˷·̱ 
    һߵԭһֱ۾еԵĳ֮У
ĸԶݿϣԸûԡһˣֱݿϣ
ĻеãȻۣſλݿϣ˶ 
    ȻסˣݿϣһӶʱһƬհףֱ˷
ηѰĴһ˫סԼתһߡ 
    Ȼˣ⿴˺һ̲סˣ
Ϣ˽ͽԼ˸⣬ͦſ
ֱݿϣ 
    ʵǿ״ʵŮ̫ңѾ൱
ȻҲóк˫ְǿݿϣƨɰ꣬һͦ˶ԲĹͷ
ļȻʪⴽ漴һͱס 
    ʵ⻹һκݿϣϵԽ֮ǰ޼ε
ӴǸؽͿڽ⵹Ҳⲻݿϣ˵һΪ
ĥ˲òѡ˸ؽζ֮ѡ
﷢й 
    ƵǻխݿϣͿ˲٣
;룬һɬжûУƺ壬
ֳӲԵ϶ȸһ㣬˺ӰԿеĻá 
    ݿϣǻĿһǸǵԵõһ
Щ⣬һЦͦİҲҡ 
    ߵøҴ𻰣ݿϣתͷ
ƽạ̇̄Ұ˵⣬ͨ죬Ҳ˵ȥˡ 
    ʲô˵ 
    ݿϣҧ̡ 
    ٺ٣ùҡ˵ţʼʶ 
    һʼͺɬУһʹ󿪴һߴ
һָݿϣԸеĺɫֿ㣬ϸһխС
ݽⴽ 
    ݿϣſϣ﷢ 
    ʵݿϣѾܾû鵽ƴ͵ĳˣϾ
ʱֻһˣ浶ʵǹ԰
ģʱݿϣʵʩַ˵ŰֶΣ԰
ָԶԶҪ 
    ݿϣϵǼһƣֱӸסͷȻҲ⿪
֣һֱֻƵǰ棬һסֻӣ
 
    ءŶ̫̫ˡ㣬㡭ܣܲˡ 
    ݿϣţѾܾûгֱʽĳˣǻ
Ǵֳ׺ݵŪֻǻ·Ҫ飬
дӲĹͷÿһײĻϣеĶҪײˣ
ָоԣ裬ְ£֪Լܳܶã 
    ٺ٣Լܰƽ㻹ء
Ц 
    ŶҡĲС 
    ݿϣϢţʱȷκ£ǻڵٳ
糱ѪҺӿȻģ˱ҲϾ˼ 
    ԭ֮Щҵƴ˿ȴޱȣ˵ÿһ
仰ߵ޲ӿȻʱ岻
ݿϣѹס˵ˣһ¶ɵá 
    ˣݿϣ׺ݵײţʹͷҲײ
ƵؿڣƸоֻոձ鷿ֿʼˣһֻû
ľ͸ǵҪݿϣһ߹һĻ
ңڸ˺ˮƵʪһͿ 
    Ŷˣ桭ĲˡˣҪ
ݿϣҲƲסˣͷȻ߸𣬷˽š 
    оԽԽ˳ǻȻýխһһ
ĳ鴤Σһ⹿ڹˬ죬ס
鲻ԽĺݺݿϣǻεֹһƣȻҧгݵ
ʲô 
    ݿϣš 
    ʲôƣ 
    Ŷˣˡݿϣſǻ 
    һ֣µһĴŴͶˣ 
    סԺҲʱҾˣҵūҵĸ֪
 
    ֪֪ˣҵˣĸ˰ݿ
ϣ˽УƵĲͣ 
    ǰ˵Ǳ̬һĻĿɿڴ֪Լ
ʲôʱѾϵ˫ֱ֣Ŀżı鶼Щ
·ʶһ㡣 
    ˡݿϣȻһ߷ֱļС 
    ֻǻһһİС
ǻһ̵ë׶ſˣֱ
׹ƶˡ 
    ͬʱһβ׵ֱ¸漴ͷмһţʱ
ٽݿϣ뿪£ƽ
 
    ͦݿϣĺǲϵ»ʾ
ŬžҺȻˣһɫҺ
 
    ݿϣ֮䣬̱˵ϣﺬ
ͣţʹֱſϣֱַס
ֻ鷿 
    ҲǾҺĸ߳һʱԣЩ֪أ
ֻǰֻӼ챻ˣʹüһţѿߵ
ǣһֻûݿϣ鷿һţһ֭漤
ʵʵĴϡ 
    һ㶣ʶıӳ˳飬ֻһζֱڱǶˣ̸Ϻ
ţЩţȻӾĴ̼ȴױȵģ֭˳ջ
ĸоͷһȣʱ鲻Խͷ
ζдһ˿΢һһڵĳ嶯 
    ҲŶϰһһ½һµ
ÿһ£Ϻɫͷһ֭һʼֻ
ţһͷȥ֮ǰݿϣһͷ
ţ֭ϱȥ 
    Ŷ𡭡ҪҪ 
    գǶ˷ΪصĺиǴһ˿͵ʹ࣬
ݿϣ鷿ĸоǿ˲ֹһ㣬ѪҺ
ƺȼˣޱȣ޹ģһǰδеĿ
ָо裬֪ǣʱз
ܾ˫Ҳţ޳ʵȴεĹסƨɣ
·Ƶġ 
    ˵ʱ˿Ǵ̼쳣ݿϣԼĽ£ﺬס
ԼʳԼľҺԼȴſƵؿϣ
ڵָ֭оһγһѭԼ
мҪһڣˬˡ 
    ֲͬѰĴ̼Ǹո꣬ڱݿϣϸ
ﾹȻһͲˣЩˣԭ󲿷
һĻ⣬ֱֻܺסͷ
ŵĿ⡣ 
    ءִˡݿϣеѵ³˫ֺס
ճյૡ 
    Ҳе㾪Լָ֮죬ϻһ
ӣµ̧ͷٺЦԱˣƽɻ
أ㿴С죬ʲôˣ 
    ˵䣬ƵĿһĨȻ̧ݿϣǰ˻Σֻ
͸ճҺٽָʳָһ֣ճҺֳ˿
ָ֮䣬λƣҡҡ׹ 
    ݿϣ״ɳԳЦ߲֣ǰ˺޵
ֱ븩Ϻݺҧһڣȴ۲ֻܺ
޵õš 
    Ц޺޵ĿԵú⣬Һ
쵽ƵǰҪҪСĶζ 
    ȻѯʵĿش;ֱʳָָ
һʼҡͷ촽գָȥ
ļǵֿסſ죬ʱһ΢ȵζ
 
    ʵϣƲһصŮˣͬҲһǳŮˣ
˼԰һõ飬ʵĻҲǳڳԣ
ŮƽȣĸԸĻϲſԽУŮһе԰Ծ
һֲƽȣ˵ǶŮ˵һ裬ȫܽܣ 
    Ϊˣ֮ǰڻؿĪɣ·ϣڳƻʱݿ
ϣˣķӦǿ֮ƿڴǼҷ
ȻԼû뵽ǣԼĵֿŪôĲһ
־Ѹٵ߽⣬ǿƱǸûһ˿ֿ֮˳
ӵԼš 
    ֮ÿÿڳһĻߵò֣񶼲
ǸһŮǰޱչԼ˵ǿƣ΢
СŮ˻Լ 
38 
    ڣӡԺǼϤİһĻֳǰֻ
ݿϣҲӸֱ۵ĸܣݿϣ
Űˣ̶е߳ܣΪ֪ԼҲģ 
    ʵ֮߳⻹һָоǾǴ̼һֲͬǿҴ
ūĴֻ̼ͷĿѣ巺ĳɺӡ 
    ŶƣһܹýޱȶŮԣ
һвŬΪ֮ʵĲŮƽȣ˸ˣ
ˣ԰ˣԣƣҪס㲻ܱǰɶ
ʹĻԻסһҪ֣֣ܳ٣ٰ 
    Ʋźţ޵ֱҧԵմҺ
ָʱǼţһͷǾҪǿ
ԼԼһҪݺҧ£ײŮԵĺ 
    ȻָͻԼ˫ǻʱֻԴһ
죬ǿҵʶһƬãȻǵԼҪʲ
ôֻȫƾűܣеԼǻָ 
    ζòãƵĶ˵ţ˳һĶ 
    ءﻹ˵Լоȵķ̣·
ҪȼÿһôУִһֲڵ
ͷԼƽͺеĶʱĸеСһӿ漴
ĿһǾ캧˽ޱߵԨҪϢˡ 
    ȻһǿҵĳʵУǻһƬȣ鲻Խķ
һ˻˳㣬ǰһһͬ
Ϣ価롣 
    Ƶǻݿϣͽʵ࣬оԼӴˣ
˶ԲĹͷһ·նļ⣬ǿҵĦʹ˵С
ûһƵӾͱƵȥ̶ֱ˻˷
ǰǶԷ·ɣεֹ 
    Ŷ̫̫ˡʹˬ˷ܵ״Σ 
    ԼĲŪ˷ܣЩ־ˣʵ
͵⣬˫һԼȼԼ
ϣʹչԼǰ 
    ѩ׵СһԽɫëʪҺһһƣƤԭ
ǳɫĴͳѪ˰ɫƬСͬһСס
͹ͦͳǻⱻķ
ҴɫճҺңȻҵ˦·ɽ 
    죬찡塭ˡ 
    ʧĴУʱ弸ǶԵһ߸ߵ
ѹϵÿһͦ׾ٵĲ嵽
޴Ĵ̼۾ףʧǣĳ˴Ϣżļ
˫˵ĺʶץӣĺѾץ˺üۣм
Ѫ˿ 
    ΢ʹԵӵҰԣϰѹϣ˫
ǰǶԷ飬ָı״
Ǵ׮һһһε뵽ǻ 
    ƵǻֻȣĿٳһһĿ
УϾողйһΣʱȫûһй⣬Ӳ״
һ޵⻨ն䣬ɫţ
ȫҲ޷£ԳǦʰֵĿ׶죬
Һ 
    ˫סĺ󱳣ָ׼ݽ
ţҡڵͷͷҲȫסǴܲӡ 
    ͣͣһ¡ܲ˰Ŷݡݿϣȣ
ҡ˰˶Ŀû
Ŀϵĳ񾭣̵Ĵӣ֭Һ
ӿǻ޷ƵƴϹӣſϵЩ
ѹƲסˡ 
    ƶ֪Լǵڼθ߳ˣ֪Լȥ϶
ˣԼʱ߳ȥָоЩ־壬
òץסһпץסĶҲ˲ʲôˣģݿ
ϣԺ׿Ӱе׿ʱԡҵš 
    ɸеЩЦŴݿϣ㣬ô
˵ 
    ˵䣬һ󼲲壬ڸ߳еȻ˵ˣ
˻ˣʵҡʧ˫ĿĿ
ѾԽԽģʶ·һ壬ѻ
ȻԼˮٲȻմһ㡣 
    Ҳ֪ĳܲˣɷŻһ½࣬
ſӲй֮Ҳ޿κΣʱ
Ȼоһ漴һ˫Ử˫۴ӱסԼ 
    ţݿϣ㡭Ҫ˵ʲôʱȴоؿڴһ
ĸоһòºҪ˵Ļԭݿϣ˫
ִӺǰصͷȻͣԲȦҲʱָ
׹βһ£ƺ⣬ʵܸмԣˬдһ
֪ԭ˵ͷҲд֮һԼǰôʹûзֹ
أ 
    ˣݿϣסʹԼǰؽܵĺ󱳣
ԸоⱻѹԲ״дӲͷԼƤϣ
 
    ڻͦſ貿ƵѨ˱ݿϣӱס⶯
ЩɬҲӴĸǿʲôο
Ĵ̼ԶԶڸ 
    ʵɬĸоûгãܿĳͻָ֮ǰ˳ԭ
ݿϣϾĽ࣬貿ƶı䡣 
    ͬʱݿϣľһҲ˼ϵĺҺ
ɵͷһëƤļһ
ϸܵĸ 
    ݿϣ³ỬС˳Ϊݵļ׵һ·£
һĹɹܵݿϣȵĺԼƨɷ
˷ˣ˵ж̼Ǹе棬ûй顣 
    ˷֮ܶĳٶȸˣǰƴʱȻ˻ߣ
ƣ˫ۣѵǣȫĳζ壬
ٲȻһٵıģ 
    ݿϣʱ۾ЩǲΪ
ӿ죬ȼӴÿһ˳ݽƨɰ
ζ˵һ˵ζеᣬеͬʱ
һ˵ĺɶɵζǿҵЩǺǡ 
    ʵݿϣ촽Ƶʱʵԥһ֮ǰ
ʲôֶУȥƨɷôһ
˸оĵ飡 
    ˼һݿϣջǼ£ʱҲܵļ
ܣһֹͿ϶һ¾ͷʮ㣬֮Ժ 
    ݿϣƨɷǵƨɺ˳
ʱݿϣоԼıǼⴥһӲӲֳĵط 
    ˸տʼĲӦ֮ݿϣǺǵζȻôųˣ
رڽ֮ζȻд
ңǼβƣȻһһٳԵĳ嶯һֻζ
о 
    ݿϣЩˣڵıǼⴥһȦĵطʱȫû
ֶĸУ෴ĸӼͷǰ
ͦнĸȻһ¡ 
    ໡ȻһֽУȻݿϣо
ԼⱻССļһ¡ 
    Լֻһ£ķӦ֮󣬸оԼĿ
бǰƴĿҪö࣬⼫ˣͷٴһȦ
ģһûղһ¾ͷǽⶥ
Ȼƨɵͦһαһζ 
    ŶֽŪŵĿоر
ǿңһëţޱȣֱĵ̲סһ
£ȻͣһǺݺݵ֮ĶѨ̶
ţҺ֮󣬱ǰй֮޲ 
    ǿ׳ڽϵ֮ҲǸоЩ
ϷֱӾ˵ϣȴţԡױԵĿϢ
š 
    ȻоԼƣһ֮Уһֻ
ݿϣſԼȸϣ׺Լϸϸš 
    ûһᣬմ׽ճҺͱݿϣĸɸɾ
Ҷ͹ˮ̧ͷ˿ĳһЦͷ
δһǣȻʮ㣡 
    ЦˣݿϣͷĲ 
    ݿϣһЦͷڹͷǣЦЦȥ
ƽ㣬ǲ˯ˣ 
    ԭϴֳϣʱҲ̱Ļڵϣϴֳ
Ĺϣ˫һһ죬Ʋһߣ۾ţһէȻ
ȥ˯һ㡣 
    ݿϣꡱһЦ˸ɵ̫ˣƽοǡ
Ŷҿƽ㡣 
    ˵ţݿϣߣסͷյƽ㣬
ƽ㡭 
    ƻ۾һ¶һ˿ЦݵŶݿϣ
лл㡣 
    лңΪʲôݿϣЩͷԡ 
    Ǻδɢּһɫһߵҧ
촽㣬ҿ»ᱻҰŪ 
    ݿϣȻЦǱߵҲǿЦã漴˫һ̯
Ҳɾǡû취 
    ǰ̫ǿˣһˣҲܲסء
ϣдһ˿⡣ 
    ʲôˣͲˣҰޣƺݺݵҧ 
    ݿϣЦƽ㣬ɱӲˣСİŭ
Ҫ˵ţ۾ƳĿ䡣 
    ʶҲ˹ȥֻǸְֺ޵ȻĴ
£ȴʱʱĶһ£һʱ̧ͷѵģɫ䣬æ
 
    ɹЦһǿҵȻָоʵڴã
ϣҲǽЦֹǵȴٶֳʲôʲôˣֻ
ݿϣ˰۵ЦʲôʲôЦģ 
    ҡݿϣ˵ʲôʱȴڴ˼Цô
ڣһɵ˼ݿϣѧϰŶŶˣݿϣҲúúý
Ŷ 
    û⡣ݿϣЦӯӯһӦС 
    ϺܲӶȾˣȴûгʾʲôĬ
˵飬ȵ⣬ڼƽȵԸ
һֺ˵ģû뵽һҪѧϰȡ˵ļȴûг
ʾ飬ֱתһ㣬һŮֻ
Ƹλȵȶöڱģᵽ
һ㡣 
     
    ڶһСԺſھ׼õ
һ߳ڣֻǿѩγĳͷǰ
ֵˣ׼𣿡 
    ţˣʵҲôǣһֳ
ȥվˡЦЦ 
    ϲҸˡüëһ˵ˣҲ㣬
ҿɰ׿⻹λŮŶˣλŮ˯ĺ𣿡 
    һ죬ЦЦûݿϣЦӯӯŶ˯ĺܺãл
л 
    Ŷ˯ĿɾͲôˣֵ 
    ˵׿ȻǱԹĿǣ۾ȴβסĽ
һӡ 
    ϳɣ㻰ࡣһȵ 
    սܼҰǲ 
    پͷ󣬲ɰһ׿һЦ˸
һ̵˳ݿϣŮоΣʲôҲû˵
˳ 
    ȿȡ߰ɣҲý磬ֻøɿһкϳ 
    ʼɡ˵գתߵʻλ
˳ 
    ЦЦļƻһǳ˳ȥͼУͼL 
ģ˵L ĳУȻֱϷǵԼ˹ 
    Ȼˣݿϣ꣬ûݣڿĪɣС
Ȼûʲô⣬ҪȥУҪɻ϶ǲеģ
ԱҪŪ֤ļһѾ˰취ʶL ½
ıˣʱ绰æݿϣŻӦû⣬
вͨôֱϵڵҵ־λԼ˹
İ´ͬϵ¹ݣ֮취еġ 
    ʵֱӵİ취ݿϣֱӸĸĸ绰Ҳ
̫飬źܴĴ˺ϰһ˵¼
ìԴˣưҲǳ⣬ͬʱϵˣһ
 
    ڿĪɣͼУǧмҪ˳·;ɲ
ɣرʼ㿲Īɣĳվ˵ǳվʵһһֻһ
˳ȥٽҴس˿͵аͳ⼣߰ߣ󲿷ִûУ
ҡҡλΣðẓ́·ʱܻɢܣʵϾһϳ 
    ʵ⻹ʲôܵǾһϵƾаͳ
ϼˣһյģɢζ
еĴϳֹŹŵζһѬͷۻ
Ů˸һ·¸ͣȫȻûһ㾫 
    ڻ˵ڶʱҪ࣬ǳǳ˿ͣʵԽӽ
ʱԸƣһڵִl
ľͼС 
    Ȼl ˶꣬ͼǵһкİ
ݿϣ͸˵ˣƶ൱Ϥֱסһ
ǼƵ꣬󼸸˱㵹ͷ˯һ·ʵ̫ˡ 
    һ˯ǽʮСʱʱ춼Ѿˣϴϴ¥µĲ
òͣʱ˷ֲ˳ͶĿ⣬һʼǶǲ
⣬ڱ˴Ͷȥѯʵŷڣԭ׿ĴŻ
Ϊ֮һɵĴԲװǳΧľ
ݻԵôĸ롣 
    ¶εЦݣʱƵҪ
ǳԷҪȥ򼸼ʵ·ҪȻǻᱻϳƵꡣ 
    ·ҪԷҪǻץʱȽӣȻ
ȥ̳· 
    򶨣˳ԷٶԼӿˣ˱ֱƵ겻Զһۺ
Դ̳˵ѡȷҲûôѡأţT 
һ˫ϴ˹˶ЬǼŮ˵ѡʹˣڰ
춼ûãϢɳϵȵĶЩͷˡ 
    ڣƵȼŮװǱ߹ˣ˫˴Сֽͬʱ
ϸԶȻһ£һɫĵţпͺɫĽ
СģǺɫĸ߸ЬɢԸжָϢ 
    ĿƵݿϣϣ΢΢һͣһǸӵǻ
һɫƤζȹƤʲ˸⣬ϱԲƣ
ס˫壬Ǻɫ͸˿ʣס羱
Լ˫ۣڱҲοյ˿ȫ¶ӵˣ 
    Ƥȹ°ڿסβ޳˫ȴųĺɫ˿࣬ټ
Ĵĳ߸ƤЬӳģݿϣԭ͸Եĸֱͦ
ǺȺΧŮ׷ײĿ
39 
L ȻֻһСΪͼл൱ִģ
ľƵ̳һͼĵشرǸߵĵ
̳صĺ˷൱ϡ٣ŷˣˣ
ƺݿϣһڰҲɫעĿ 
Ů˿ߵǰʱƽЦݿϣ㿴ô
˵ˣ㴩һһӶû˵ɣ 
ݿϣЦĺܿģҲĿԼͣʱã
ȹʵ̫ˣֻҪ˿̽ȹ׵Ĵ⣬
ǲЩɬǲǾȹе̣ 
ðҾòЦ 
ŶأŤӵ 
ǺһЦҼŮζһΡ 
ݿϣԲݸǷ˸۵𣿡 
ѽأſλ㰡׿ 
׿һɫĵȹдһ˿СƤ޵
ÿܺÿ 
Ҳúܺÿݿϣѡġ׿Ǹ˵ 
ǺһЦˣǻȥɡ 
Ŷøҳȥһˡ˵ţתͷݿϣ׿
ȻؾƵ꣬ǻ 
ݿϣͷӹĴСֽʱ׿ 
ƺЦͷĿ뿪ת߰ɡ 
ȥģ 
ȥưɡ 
ʲôưɣ 
š 
ȥǸʲôҪȥȾưɣ 
Ȼȥһˣ˿԰ǽݿϣյ顣 
Ȼ漴ԴL ½ıھư 
ȻʧЦȥưҵǸ˿ɲ½ıǵϰ壬
ɪΪŴϹĹϵ̶ʶ½ı
ˡ 
ưϰ廹治򵥰ȻܺL Ϲ
ϵ 
ʵҲûô˼飬L ֻһС㲻Ҫ
йĴﲢҪôӻϲĹϵ
ܺ͹ǣϹϵȻˣҲʶ߲ʿ
ưϰ֮ܺ͹йϵҪΪǹһ
ˮа̡ 
ԭͷ漴ЩȻѾ
ʶ½ıֺαưϰ壿Ƕһ٣ 
ŶΪҺͰ˺Ӱ˾ͺ˺ܺõĹϵŶ
ֻһκżȻĽӴӰҲֻҵְҵϰߣ֮ȫû
һĽӴʵҸûϵʽУҲǵ
˭ˣôṩ 
ǰɣ۾ûһϵ֮ǰ
˵ôаա 
ǲΪݿϣ 
ŵȥǸưϰ𣿡 
˭֪أܵԲҲҲΪҺ½ı˺ܺõ
ϵ񵱳ڿĪɣʱǸһźӰͲҶôˣ
˸ṩء 
Ըɡ 
˾ôһ˵һ뿪̳˳⳵Լʮҳ
ҾưɣΧȻȾƵһҪ࣬
ǹ滮Իȶ˲٣˶Ǻ˾Ӷ࣬в˶ĿͶ
ƺеԴŲ֮ɫ 
Ȼ壬ƣƺеͶЩĿ⣬
߽˾ưɡ 
ưСҲкüƽףֱһԲΰ̨
ƹռǽĿռ䣬ʽľƿӰˣ̨һ
ŵʣھưλһֱԼףһҵԲ̨һֹ
Բ̨ģΧһСӾȻһһſ 
˲٣ЩŤ֣
ȺֱһСǰվ׳˶ĺ˴
סǰ칫򣬲ܽҪȥϴּĻǱߡ 
ϰ塣 
׳һƣһװ粻ףһͲһˣ
ټƶ飬ǲҵһ׳һ¡
˵ţתС档 
ûһṤ򣬴˳ˣһŬɡ 
˺棬һT ȣֲ¼̨
һǰ׳ţ漴Ŷ룬ƺҲ롣 
ƣһȥͲòϱӣһֻʶ
ǰ˻ӣ΢΢һӣ̾Ͳе㲻Ӧ
ڵʳĳֶƷ 
Ӵһ椣ٺ١ 
˵һԼʮҵĺӣֻһڰ׸˯ۣ
ϵɿţ½󼸺ɢ¶Ƭţ¶
ȸж˯յġ 
ɢɳϣһű¶ĺ˹Ա߻
վ׳Σ°Խ䱸ţʱȻɻ
ϰ壿 
ӶʱЦȻҵˣ
˵ʲô˵ǲϰ壬Ŷ̫Цˡ 
ΧһЦһᣬߵһ˹ĴȹЦ
˴ϰ˭ 
˹һЦӻһֱֻӴ˯۵½
ȥţƳȻඣ˰ 
⣿ɪأԭϰ𣿡 
ɪҪȥɣŶҲұ֤ڻš
Ц 
Ƴһʱֵðɣ㻹֪
ʲôôҸ㣬ɪǼһʵǸȻʼپ
Ӧˣưɵҡ 
ôƴסˣû뵽 
һƣһʾ˵ز˾
ǵȻǾˣǸˡ˵ţתҪ뿪 
һЦվŵ׳һŬ죬ں
ͷȻһߵƺǰסˣͬʱ
Ǳ𣺡Ｑ߰ˣȱ 
˼ǻ£ÿƱϲɫȴ
еţʶ߿˿ 
ǲӰǽѰ찡ҡͷһΪ
ѵӣȴһ˿ϷˣЦݡ 
ˣ˼ҿǰ椣߰ĺأԱǸ
Цţɿ 
Ȼɫһ䣬ȻһھƣȻֵ٣
ôˣٵĿ޺ģСһ 
ƱӵԻɫǺ죬촽£ܵץס
ĸ첲תۿ΢΢һЦοƵһֱ
Ȼ֡ 
ÿ 
Ƥû£ãҪôϹҪô
ٺ٣ѵ 
˵ţ˫һţߵ˹§ڻȻһŬ
վǰ׳ʾһ£ʱһ׳
Ǵ׳ëֱۣһѾסؿڵ·Ҫϳ
䡣 
׳ʹ߷Ϊ㹻ˣȥԶûԼǿ
׳һһֻСƵıԼ룬Ȼû뵽ǣԼ
һͣȻû϶ 
٣ 
׳һƳһԵͬ飬±Ц
Լ漴ȫİȥȻһλû
϶ 
һº׳ľסˣһʵֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬
˸ûʲôں׳һɲˣ̧׽ס
׳ֻסԼ½ֵһѹһʱһ
УӲǰһԣסĺָһ
΢Ĺ֮һĵȥ 
һзڵʯ֮䣬ԱߵǸ׳ûü׷
ʲôѹѾһǹǹǴӵȥǸ
׳˳ġ 
׳ɫͬʱһֻѾ䣬Ȼûǹ
ԷǹˣֻԴ䡹һ죬ûеʹֻ
ǰһƬѪ죬漴һƬڰ 
ڲʱ˽׳ⲻɳ
ϵĺӴľһԵƶɵˣ˹
ŵþУɪɪ 
һγֲνĺʵ⻹һһ־Ҫ
⵱ȻжϳµйأҪ֪Щ˿ɲʲôŮ
ǹеͿԿóԼڵһʱǣ
Լ鷳Сˣ֮⣬Ҳ̹ɣһеѪȺɱ¾йأ
Ĵķʽ̬Ȼ֪˱仯 
˴ǹɢһ˿̣ߵӸǰһ
Цղ˵ʲôţŶˣƤǺǣ˵һ顣 
ҡҴˡ𣬱ɱҡӿźڶǹ
ɫ״Ρ 
ɱ㣿˵𣿡ĵİǹǴһ
˿Ц 
ҡҸǮܣܶǮֻҪ㲻ɱңȫ㡭 
Ǯģ 
æߵĺ˹ȥȥӵµǸɫ
ó 
Ŷš˹ﶶɸһţﲻ֪ν
Ӧţȴû뿪λ 
ȥӣȥ˻ 
ҡȥɡ 
һ˹ЩӦ漴С칫
棬һɫ𣿡 
ǵģù 
˹첽ܹӽӹһɨ輸ҵĸ
ֶȻŵ輸ϣ򿪺һת͵µ
Ǹյһʻһʮҿȫ㣬ֻҪ㲻ɱҡ 
УҴӦ㡣ֽϣȻݸƵ
ȥһ¡ 
ʱȻѾعе£ʶĽӹ䣬
ȻЩȻ㡭 
û£ϳ 
߳˷䣬һˣǺ¶
ţ˹ãҲһҵʱͳˣ§ס
Ƶļˣ߰ɡ 
桭 
˵ߣ 
Ʋ̲ԭ·أľưɣ
ƺˣҲĶУſڴڰأȥʱ
΢ЦĺǴһкЩĵͷҿǡ 
ӵȺ˺ܿ˾ưɣһ⳵ֱ齾Ƶֱ꣬
ʱƲųһǸԼ˹ﵽ
ôˣȴ˼ǰ濪˾ֻʱס뷨ֱ˾Ƶ
˳ڽ˳ 
˶ɱˣѹŲĻһܡ 
§סƵļܵһھƵãЦݵ
ţ˸ġ 
ҡ˵ˡ 
û£ֻǰһһʱжѡ 
Ʊһɣ漴üͷһ壬ҡͷҲףΪʲôɱ
ˣŶ̫ˣ˵ģղеİ 
е㾪ȣûϵƻķӦתһҲͲ֣
ʥĸģʮųƽһףֻΪһϵо
֮ǻ屻ݲУ˼ı䣬ȴû뵽һ
 
ѵڵʱôжôصĺ𣿡
ӽ͵ 
أжأ 
϶ǹһӣҲʱ
ǱסôǾͲվˡ 
壿Ŷ찡ﾹȻģŶ
Ҹе̫ԾˣƵɴ۾һ˼顣 
ＫˣֻܲסҡͷʱֵֻΪҲ
Ҫɱǰ 
֮ǰ𣿡 
Ŷֻǲϣһ֣һɱħ 
ΣʱƽŵЩǮŶǿʲô
𣿡 
⡭ 
ŶԲҲٺ㳳ˣһ˾˵ţת
һȥ 
ιȥģ 
ȥȱȣ㲻ùңԼȻطɡ 
Ů˰ǡƵıӰҲһʱᡣ 
صԼ䣬ݿϣҲڣ׿һ䣬
ݿϣһ䣬ϾŮ˶йϵκһһ
䶼̫ã֮ǰʱѡ׿һˡ 
磬׿ĵ˹ 
ݿϣҲЦܿ췢ֻһ˽Դɻ
أظڷ𣿡 
ֽӵɳϣȻһƨµ濧
ȡ 
һˣݿϣЩȡ 
Ӧǰɡ 
ݿϣıжϳ֮һ⣬һ
ѯȴȻ׿У찡ôôǮģ 
бһƳݿϣҲǴһֻһ룬
ûôǮ׿Ҳһ˶ˣ 
ӻġЦЦ 
ͽĴ¾˵һ飬ݿϣȻеΣգ
ɫ԰ףֱؿڣ׿ûûεֱкãԹû
жõǮ 
ҿƯ·ˡ׿˷ܵĿһ
𼤶ѡ 
ûҡҡͷǮɲǸ·ģѧõġ 
ȷ֮ԿһǮʹӦǸӷһ
Ϊȷʵڳ׿İ÷ãϾϷ֮׿
չˣҪ׼һǮȷǣȻ
ǮִЩµǮܺܺõİ׿ 
ôһǮǰȻܷŹԷҲʲôö
һǮû˿ѹֻоƱˣ⵹
еʼδ 
뵽⣬еͷ۵ĸ˸ͷʱֻһ忿
漴ݿϣԼƽǲǳʲô
ˣ 
̾һ 
ӴҪȥڷɣ֪ݿϣѾȵĺܼ
ˡ 
ݿϣʱߺ죬ȴҲ⣬ֻǽͷļ 
УǾȥǱ߷ˣһǮɣ𵽴֪𣿡
§ݿϣ 
֪ŶˣݿϣƯԸе·һ
ҪѪŶ 
ѽ׿㡭ݿϣ߽֪ղžͲ㿴ˡ 
ããҲ˵ˣˣҼҵǮ 
Цҡҡͷݿϣһ߳䣬ڷ䣬һȥݿϣ
ȲʣŶƽôˣ׷ʲôˣ 
ɱˡ 
ƶԼĲݿϣ֪ԭί֮ݿϣȻ
ķӦеܲΪȻַ˰
ĲпѪɱ˵Ѫȳ棬Ͷľˡ 
ŶֻڷƵ̫ƽ̫ˣûϰ
ַʽݿϣ 
ǺǣҲûйÿ˶Լ뷨һЦ
漴һתֻû뵽뷨ûı仯仯
 
̾һɳϣ۾ָŶͷĴֱָָ
ס̫ѨţûһоָҲ̫
Ѩϣһֻݿϣߣ΢΢Ħ̫Ѩ 
ŶоЩ𣿡ݿϣ 
öˡһ֣ԼĴȡ 
ݿϣЦˣЦĺģ̧һֻȣӲŵƱ˿
˵ϣϴĻǼ˿ȹֻȲܷ
ĺܿڴȸϵȹڼѡ 
ϹŴһ˿ɫЦݣһֻȻȻĸݿϣǴ
˿Ĵȣָк̲ס΢΢һ˿
ӷĴһ·ԲСȣ̶ϣ˳Ŵڲ໬ȹڡ 
ȻĴһĴ΢΢һݿϣͶȥһȻ
ݿϣߴĵı۾˫ִļϣϰ΢
ƺǵһַ 
ԭݿϣȹյģһ˿࣬ûڿ㣬
ֺ׵ľһƬ⣬֪Ů˵ʪĴ
ֱŮ˴ʱ״̬ 
ݿϣĺ٣ϵĳ֮ɫԽԽ͵Ťţ
ϵļʱʱ޵ĺ촽ʱ˵ 
ʱһʳָѾĻݿϣʪѨ
βʱʱĻ弸£ûһṤֱ
͸ճҺ 
Ŷ 
ݿϣԽԽأ鷢ͬʱһ͵Ŀ飬Ѿ
е㲻һָοˣĿƨĥţһ
ǰ㣬˵鹵ˡ 
ȻʱȻָҲݿϣȹڳ˳Ȼ
ƨĵǻȳȥưɣȰȰߣ 
ݿϣϲһ˿ʧǹԹԵĴǿ¶
ЦݵðһúȰȰġ 
ţ߰ɡ 
߳䣬ֱλڶ¥Ŀȫ͸ʵĹ
ݣӸߴʱĴԼ¥һ࣬Ŀ
ڶ¥һƣȻеǣƲһڶ
Ʒſȡ 
40 
PSһ¿ʼ൱һƪ̣Կƪʱᣡ 
ݿϣʱҲˣֻȵƽأףԱǸ
˭ʶ𣿡 
ҡҡͷһϵһİˣһͷƵ
ͷΪۣһװʵԵ൱˧ֻһЦ
ĺƲ֪˵ʲôȻȥûô磬ҲǴЦ
һ㷴еӡ 
ʵƵɫʹ磬һǣ˹ڨһ
Ҳ֣Ϊ֮ݿϣоҲûʲôݿϣ
һЦƽŶС˧磬ôֺã 
ݼУܿ㵽¥߳ݣǱȥ
ڿҪǰʱȻͣ½Ųһסݿϣ֣Ҳ
ͣ漴ԱһҲһӱϡ 
ŶôˣݿϣС 
΢΢һƲ㿴ʲô 
ݿϣæȥֻǸСҲ֪⻹⣬Ŷ
һֻǰűƵСȣƺ΢ĦţԴ
ȴǻδǵûŲϵı鶼ʲô仯
ŵЦݣŵֱֳӣСڵš 
Ŷ⡭ 
ݿϣȵŴ죬֪˵ʲôǰһĻȷ͸
Ʊһ¶֪ô˵ 
ʵϣݿϣھȹתֳһ˿ϲҪ֪Ȼ
лƣŮ˵ı鲻Խļƣڸϸ֣
ĺ裬ղţѾԣһ
԰Ȼȴƣжϣһﲻ
ʧһ˿ޣǰֻԼһ˸жã 
ȻͷݿϣԺҲֻһţȫǳŮԵı
֣ǸͷͷҲȫʵʣܿ콫
ͷѹ£ŬԼ̬ȻⲢǰһĻ
ϲ 
ݿϣ͵͵һֻۣɫǺܺÿ֪Ե
̲סϲ˼֣˵ʲôʱȴȻվ߰ɡ 
 
ݿϣܾȣΪ̲סǰƣпܶǸ
С֣ȴû뵽Ȼʲôǵͷȥ 
ɻ󲻽⣬ݿϣǹԹ뿪ˣΪ
ط䣬Ǿֱ¥Ƶȥһ˱߳˾Ƶ
ãĽֵϡ 
ߣҪȻطɡŸԼݿϣ 
㡣ݿϣסĸ첲 
ЦЦҲ˵ʲôŽֱߵеĿĵ˾
ô֣ͬһе£Ȼ˴˵̬ȴȫһ 
˵ʵڵģƺǸСһĻ̸ʲôѹ
ûݿϣеķŭΪûаԼŮˣ
ֻ˴Ҫİ¶ѡ 
ȻˣҪҲϵģҲϣϾôҹ
һ㺣ѣˣʱǲ
սսѣΨǰˡ 
Ҳ㺴ڣղڿһĻʱ
ֹˮҲûнΪǿҵķӦеҲֻһֵʧ䡣 
ô˵ָо˺죬û˵ݿϣĬĬ
һ·̲סڵŶ㲻̫ѹҲ鲢
ǿ 
ѹŶˣҲѹģǺһЦ 
ݿϣɴ۾ƺе㲻˵ĻԴˣҲˣ
ЦЦ㲻𣿡 
ŶǡݿϣԲԵҡͷ 
һЦվס̧ͷҹյʵǾϵǣ
пܱ˴ͬһΣҲпֻǲһǶֿ
ϵҲ̸ѹ 
ݿϣһʱסŵƣ㣬ϾҪ
ˣʱǾҪֿˣԺǿ϶ʺǵİ£ƣ
ֻǽǰһѡ 
ŶƽôҲ֪ҿԺܿ϶ĸ㣬ֻҪ
˵ҾͲˣҲԶߡݿϣ
Եúܼᶨ 
һɲǼ䣬ĵȷʵӿһ˿жܿĵһЦ֮Ҳ
ݿϣղ˵Ļȷʵĵ׵ķθ֮ԣҲͽڵ뷨ʲ
ôԶ֮Ļܵ棿ɲһУ 
ټˣɨһۣǰһҵ滹Ӫ
ҵŷۺɫĵƹ⣬ڵȥǼҵ꿴ܲ
ʲôŶʱ󲿷̶ֵˣһ·ûļҵ껹
ţҲ֪Ǽҵʲôģʱ˻Ӫҵ 
һ˵һ߾ͳǱȥݿϣвһ˿į촽Ҳ
˶ƺ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵ĬĬĸ档 
ʼδǣŷۺɫƹĵȻһƷ̵꣬
ָƷµİչʾϣǽϣ컨ϡ 
ԸΣƳһߵݿϣֻɫߺĵͷɫ
ЩŤȻǲ˼Ҳ͸żֺ棬۽ⲻʱܡ 
Ŷӭ٣λʲôҪ𣿡һİ֣ͷϡ
˲֪ĺȻð˳ 
ݿϣͻȻֵ˸һܵ߿˿
ǿٴˣ˲ǺˣҲŷְˣƤɫ
ɫ飬ʵ촽Ǳ߻Ѫɫ֡ 
Ǵתߵģϰ嶼кˣȻ
ҲľôˣȻɫŶ㿴 
ʱϰѾߵ˸ǰע⵽һ￴ݿϣʱ۾
һȻĳԼһЦŶŮƯ 
ЦЦûݿϣȻʮֿģ
ϰͶǸɫζҲôųˣҲûղôŤ
ˡ 
ⲽ˿չʾϰڷŸִС̬ķ
񶯰֮ģеʶв֣ǽŸ
ӣƤޣ޵ȵȣ⻹и;ߣΧӰ죬
ΪԼѶҡ 
˵ʵڵģЩٳƷȷʵ۽磬һ·Ҳ
һȤûУͶһɫСܸȤңصģ
ҪݿϣӦûȤ 
Ȼˣϲûбֳʲôֻۻ״ĿţǸ
ϰһֱżţֻʱ
ϣ 
Ŷձ𣿡ڽһɫٱʱϰȻ 
ҡҡͷйˡ 
ŶйˣϰԵ൱ȡ 
ô𣿡Ƴ۵ 
ϰʼ磬Ҳ̹ϵŶʵ˵ǵģΪй
࣬ľ͸ûУŶ׼ȷ˵й˻ûС 
Ŷձ˾𣿡ЦЦ 
ŶҲࡣ 
ôһʼ϶ձأ 
ϰƤһŶҵӡй˹ǳڷܣ
ҲǳУšô˵أȽƣû̫Ȥ֮ͬ
˽˵⣬һƳһݿϣ¶ζЦݵο
 
һ¶ı飬һƵͣ²˵
ֺοʲô 
ϰٺһЦսǰ۾ȴбݿϣο
һū 
ŶôͶ϶ҵū΢ȣϻǲ
ɫ 
𣿡ϰԵһЦ۾ȴݿϣؿڡ 
ʱݿϣâڱڼˣֻϰĿа
͸һ˿ݣ·ܴ͸·Լصĵط
ߵİȫУ´ʱѾ̲סתŶˡ 
״¶һ˿ãɿʾѣϰʱѹ
æջĿŶǸ֪еĿȫԼū˽
Ʒϲ˷Ŷ⣡ 
㻹ûôͶ϶ҵūأ 
ٺ٣ܼ򵥣ںĽֳǷݹ˳Ͳ˵ˣ˵
˫һ黷˵һУٺ١Ҫû´Ļ
Ҳһ 
һͬʱĿһ۰ϰô֪ 
ݿϣͷϵһʯ黷Ȼǹ̶ģƾɣ
ժ൱ѹģһֱţûժ¹ 
Ȼǿˡϰ岻 
ʶĿһݿϣزϴȻǼɫƤ
ζȹɫƤ˿Ϸİסݿϣ˫飬
ȫ黷ĺۼ治֪һôģ 
ƺǿɻ󣬰ϰٺЦŶ֪ʲô
ȷһǿʲôҿԣղŵ߶ҿز
ͷλһ͹ĺۼ 
Ȼ°ѹһղһ·һ·ݿϣ۾
 
뵽⣬һЦÿɷĺһϰüЦ֪
ȫ˵ˣȵԼ۹еǰйС
ȻϵŰȦ˶꣬ŮҲ֪ҵһ
ϳ˵İ椻൱׵ģ仹ǵ̵ô˳͸Ϊ
ˡ 
ˣ֪㲻Ը˷ūһַʽأ˵
ϰȻ 
һ£ѿڵ˭ 
䣬ֻҸ첲һ˫ֽסתͷһݿϣԼ
ԣڱס첲ͬʱ۾ֲ̿ĿԼܸоݿ
ϣϴ 
һ˼ݿϣΪӣȻԼͰ
ϰ֮ĶԻԼӦһЦЦοֱ
ģʾýź¡ 
ϰȻע⵽Ҳ⣬ȴҲΪ⣬ֻ
һЦȥ¥ϲιһҵ˽أ
ıһ뷨 
͡ 
ȻûȤͲǱ⣬ҲҪܾ
ɻ˵һȻһ̶ɲòס˺
Ҫ˵Ļ밫ϰԼݿϣ뽫ĿͶſڡ 
ſͣһǰǰɫķ½Ѳ󽢣Ǻɫı
S500ֻǰ½Ѳ󽢵ĳѸٴ򿪣δ󺺣
һɫװɫǿ첽汼۳ߣ˳ţ
ַڳϣӭ³ 
ʵһʼеţΪ֮ǰưǱߵ׷ٹˣͬ
ݿϣҲ˼ŵɫɷףһ˫ֽסĸ첲 
ŶǴϰüЦ˱ߵſӭϡ 
״һȻ߲ǳ
ǵģͬʱȴӿһΪоϰ
˵Ĵе죬 
Ѱ˼䣬۳һˣ˸ӲߣҲͱȰϰô
ңͷмż˿ݻƣȥʮ꣬ͬҲǺˣ
׵ϲִССĸ棻˶رǶ
ӣԲལĽ͹һḀ̇ 
ţһˣһע⣬֮
Ϊһ˴ԼŮһףƤ͸һͷ
дһ˿ƺɫ㷢һ߼ͷϣϴһī
ʺ촽İĹҲԵ÷ 
Ů˴һ׻ɫķ£ϵŵɫӡ˿°
в¶һعų˿ȣǺɫĳͲ߸Ƥѥ 
Ŷӭӭ𣿡ϰЦӭϵ 
һжãȷоʲôö 
һ˵һ߾ͳȥǼװڣ
ݿϣǱΧһϰˣ
ǳȥ 
ݿϣﺦ£æקקĸ첲ϣϽ뿪Ȼק˼
ûӦ̧ͷһֻЩͣ۾ûź˵Ǹ
װ󺺣ֱĶſڷ˳֮ȥݿϣĿһֱ
ǸŮ˵ϣ¶ʱЩ 
ûУȥװ󺺼޷Ӧקס
Ҫǿ 
ݿϣ־£鲻ԽĴһʱҲӦɫ
һ䣬Ҳûô֣ǸקסĴ󺺶ʱһƺߣ¶ʹɫ
֣һֻסֵֻĵ˼ 
װ󺺶ʱɫ䣬ӻͳǹٴаĽڶ
ǹڶ׼ҲʱԱߴһʲôأɲҪ
ȷ° 
˵ǴʱǸסװæߵǰ
СĲ֪˵ʲôһһµĴȻֽĿ
Աߵݿϣϡ 
ŶᣬᣬλǵĿˣûж⣬ûж⡭
ϰæǰ͡ 
ȷ֪ҵĹصģֻҪ˾ͱ峡һʧ
Ҹ𡣡͸Ű۹ݿϣϣ²
 
֪֪͸ȥ˵ 
˵ţȷİϰͳ߶ʱȴһ
˵ˣȥ̫Ե³ˣղŲǸһ
ССĽѵ֪ʲôأ 
ȷվסӣȻ֪Լٴˣεվм䣬ͷ
ִֿţһ֪ôźõӡ 
ŶȤȤЦ 
û˵ԴζЦݺ⣬Ǽɶ׼
ԼĺڶǹڣǽĿɽڴߵǸŮϣ
𾪣ϲָ࣬оһһǵĿ񳱽˼ȫңȻ
˲ľء 
һʼߵĻ谵ֻǸŮ˵Ĵӣֻ֪
ƯʱУ°ɢһֶصʣƾЩ
עˡ 
ȻŮ߽ڣȫòʱֻԼ·
شݺûһ£һɲǼǰڣ˶Щվȡ 
Ե֪ܻ̿ʱгһռΣ
пǱͷʹޣҲпԣȴΨûϵ޶ã
ٲȻİһ㡣 
ûǰޱ飬˪Ů˾˼ĺ룬ʱ
̲ǣҵˡ̣ܸôܹ꣬һ۾ͽ˳
Ϊòûʲô仯ҲԼСʱһ㣬
ഺŮûˣһݳζ 
ʵ϶˵òȻûʲô仯ɢ
ʣҲ˵ĳζеôİһʱ֮䣬̬ζ
£ٸн 
Ҳİסϵĳ嶯ʱеû
ϳԼͬʱҲɰЦԼǰ뷨̫򵥣Ϊһͻϳ˴ˣ
ʵϵԼ߰꣬ʮȥˣԼò͵Ск
ȿ϶˼ı仯̣Щûжı䡣 
ͷôתǧأ۾ʼնûд̵ƿԴˣ
ȻҲǸоˣī񣬵ϵıĺ
ȴԱ 
ʱȷڴ߲֪˵ʲôֻһֱٴеǼ
װ󺺻˻ֵǼȥɡ 
ϰ壬һװ󺺲ĵ 
û£˼ҲȷĿ˵ˣ⻹ǵ
Ц̵ƨϺݺһѡ 
һ䣬Ȼеһʹʵݿϣʹжϳ
ʲô״Ǹдʲôϵʹ
ϵƷ̵꣬ϵ͸ǲԶˣƺԼݿϣ֮
䲢޶ 
Ԥϣɵۿ󸹱ͷӺ޹˼ɵ̵ƨ
ɣȴǺ޷ӦȻϰһУﻹ̲סĴʹ
ٿ۾һδƿ 
װתغ򣬴Ƴһۣ漴ȷ
ʲôö 
ٺ٣УȻУǲ֪вȤȷЦݹŹֵ 
Ŷ 
ã¥ϡ˵ţȷת֪λûȤ 
Ȼ 
ȻһӦʣȫҪˣŶǸôӽ
̣еҪ֪Щϵ׷ʲôʲô
һ־أ 
ȷ£¥ϣûп䣬
ǰֻһȣ߶ǽڣԼӾͷһǽ 
Ȼ֪п϶ŵǲɫߵݿϣ
еź£ץסĸ첲·һͻ᲻Ƶģ
һֱעԼһԶֻ̣ɫľȻû¶һ
ӡ 
ܿȷߵȾͷֻ̧ǽһһ߼İ
¶˼֣ʱֻһ֮ǽ
ֳֿͬһš 
룡 
˵ţȷ˽ȥȻִ̧һָʱƹ
ȥ֮ǰ龰ǳԾΪŮˣֱװ
·Ǳ걾޶죡
ǳԾСԵݿϣ͸ˣֱӷһ
Уһ˵ĻŵûɪɪôɹЦȻ
ؿ۵СӣֶλҪ߰Ů˻Ҫúõ̰
ô׾ʹСлô˾ˣûϵȷи
԰ͷ 
ҡΪԼʧ̬ͷЦݿϣﲻ
ְա 
ﲻɡ⡹һ£ݿϣԼĳƺʲ
ôһ߳ݿϣ˰һ߰һۣȻƺԼ
˺üۣǶԼһע⣬е
˶ϳԼ 
û֮ǰʱ޿̲źϣȻڼˣ
ȴһôѵ£̿ȥѾԭǸˣ
ڵζУҲ¼Ĳǵˣǳˣ
ˣҪϳԼǶһ˺ 
Ϊ˲̿ʲôһ䣬Ʀģ
ȻѵĿ̵˼˵ŮѾ̳ɼƷ
ඡ 
һЦЦգһ䣬
ѧɲһ£Ҫɵʲôˣ仰˵˭
ʸɵġ 
⻰Դһ˿в;棬ˣƢȻ
ȫΪ̣ﷴеһ˿οҲΪ˰
һ 
ðɣû˵νʼ硣 
˾ҲȷʵЧԭԶע⣬ѵĿ
һټḡתͷȥβס֮顣 
һˣôĲˣϲһ
Ц漴תȷˣһоĺöɡ 
һЦֱʱȫһԲ
δΧûһȴû컨ϰװļյԼ
ɸСƣǰҲһƬ 
ڷһźܴĹ̨иֵһ̨Сͳ
ԼһЩеߣһ̨ԣ֮⻹һԼ
ΣǸǽߵǸװһŮ˵ף
ͺһͨĹʦĹûʲô 
һſ󣬽һԣ
ϷǿյģǱһ鲣סʵ˵ǲ׵˵ǲ
ӸΪǡ׵ĶϻװյСƣɫ
Ĺ͸ŮС 
˵ʵڵģէһĻҲһΪʵǹ죬
ɫĵƹӳ£ŮǱŮʬǳ
еı걾Ϊ㤣 
ܿͷŮǴˣǰӦ˯ˣʱ
Ȼĵƹ̼Ժۣӵ˶ʱһ¶
֮ɫܵӣɪɪ 
й۲ĹǱߵȷӹóһССֽУ
һһССԱ߻һңϿ¥³չ
ʾ޶£ƺͨ 
ȷˣȻ֪⿴ͨ϶һ㣬
ʼŶȷҼʶһСĲƽ֮ɡ 
û⡣ 
˵ţȷǽϵĹҼȡһƤȦĽȻ
ǰΪɨһ¾мףһۣϷĲ
һƣ沣߻漴ĽеƤȦŮ
Ĳϣһһȵ 
Ů˶߶µվһһͷغɫͷİŮˣ
ȥ̫󣬹ʮңûҲǽˣ
Եúήңûһʡ⣬ط겻
Եʣȫ͸һֲ̬ĲҰףȥܲ 
ȷֱקŮ˱ĵקףǰһյ
վãȻֱ壬Ů˸Ҷľ׮վ
Ϊ 
ٺ٣λˡ˵ţȷ򰴶ңϵһء 
ȷµһɲǣŮȻһУ˫סСͶȥ
һֱֻܵԼ壬ƺǸȡȻܿ
ʶʲôֽǣȻ̧ͷȷ۾֮ɫ 
ǲСóУðɡȷһƽӡ 
ŮȻûϵȷô˵һ£ܿ͹˲
̫ˣʳָָȫ߳ܵľôĿ֮Լ
ȥǸ 
ʱ̫̣Ů˵ûзڳһ˿ҺʮָҲ
ȡָܿͽסˣҪʱ
ȻоǻһĴʹָҲģǱϸ͹
ﶥסһ㡣 
Ůвһ̾Ȼһȷǲô
ɵģҧҧָнһϣȻһʹԭ
͵ļʹ˲˾ʹǻ⣬һק
һ˺ѵʹҪ֪һôеĵطʹиǷŴ
ʹò˽ȡ뷨ĳָ 
ôˣˣȷ򲻻Ц 
ģҡȻŮ˲ʹǻ˺Ѿʹȴû
м٣̷·ԽԽʹͷð˺飬
ֱľ 
ȷٺһЦתŴض֪ⲻһͨ
˰ɣ 
Ȥĵͷţе˼ 
㻹ϸһ±ȽϺá 
ȷЦðɣѾЧˣҾ͸ǽһ
С⡣˵ţһΰңϵһťȻŮ
ȡˡ 
Ů˵ȷеʹһ¾ʧˣ£Сٴ
ָһκ˳ܿͱȡˣ漴ȷ 
ȷΪĻ˻еȻңϸһԭ
ڲػأϿͨ죬沼ëϸ
룬ֻҪңһťëϸ浯ʱ
ͬһСһ㣬ëϸϴϸСĵ̣һŮ
岢ëϸ뵯ҪӲȡϾǲܵˣѪ
ģ 
˵ݿϣϻʧɫҲɫ˱䣬
ֳһ˿κ죬Ҳ֪߷߻Ǿ壿Ĳ
ζ 
ֻһ㲻֮ͬȷŵ̨ϣ漴
ְһңؿأʱЩϸܵëϸ뾹Ȼֳһ
ϸСɫ𻨣ҷľġ̡Ȼܷŵ硣 
Ŷܺãǳĵͷ 
ȷʵͨ𶯹ܣ
̶̹ŵ繦ܣŵ繦ܣǷŵ磬ҿɵĵ
ѹСǧ֮л 
ʱ۾һԻǵֳŰ˷ܵĹâȻ
θڣԴˣȷȫʮָˣֽŵ
СŮ˵ͷųǧѹʱ˭ֿܵˣټ
겻Ҳ޺Źǰԭ¡ 
ûͷˣҪˣҪǮ 
һǧһ 
Ŷû⣡ 
ȷŶأ 
˵ʵڵģʹŮǼĥʹݲУ
ɷһ⣬Ҳȷ൱Ȥһǧһʵ
е󣬲յһʲƵǮƣ᲻ûǮ 
ɡ 
һ¾ǧ⣬ȷܸˣֿʼƷˣ
̸֪һȻֻһӪƷˣⲻС
ȴСΪǳڸƷԼǿ
ڵŰȦ 
һ֪ȷˣһרң
壬˹͹׷׶ἫΪøһ㣬
˳µʧȥ˹ǱշתƷ⡣ 
װڲŮˣǶȷӶŷ˷
ģ֤ԼЩЧΣеԾǣ
Ů˻ĸŮϵм䲣ǸŮˣҲǱǸŮ
ĸףԱŮ 
ʱҲȷղ˵Ľʲô˼Ů˵
Ůݿϣཻ졣ԴˣȻܴӦ
Ҳ뵽һܺõ˵ǣǱʾԼҪȥϷǵԼ˹ûʱ䣬
ȷ򽻻˴˵ū 
˵ȻģȻ˵֮Ŀ
ɫ˱䣬漴ȤŶҪȥԼ˹𣿡 
ǵġ 
𣿡 
ŶǣȥǱ߿һ£ʲô⡣ 
ȷЦˣѣҪһ󴬳Լ˹
ڶҵۺʵʲôܰ㣬 
̫òˣһϲ 
ЦưҪʵģֻʵ
̸⡣ 
ǺǣҷǳͬĹ۵㣬Ҳôġ 
Ŷ 
΢΢һûϵķӦʵϾһʼ
ȤҪߵݿϣûм峡ԭ򣬵Ϊһڵ
ϴôΪ̰ͼһŮ˵ɫŵʲôأƽʱ
λ֮˸ǿῴһۣỹϼˡ 
Ϊˣȷ˵ǻЦѣԼƾʲô
֮Իﻰ͸ûʸԼ˼ȴûϵǰ
СҲС·𲢲ԼֻǺʵͨһ 
۾źۼȴϸĿǰСһۣϴ
ŵŵЦݣǳݣٿԵݿϣȲ˵ɫ
ΪڣһԼ۸񲻷Ƶ·ͿжܽŮΪūô
ˣҲǰС϶Ҳ൱ͷģ˵һλʵ
 
뵽⣬ȻʶԼղȷʵеˣûкúǰ
Сʱ뵽ղŴ˺Լ¶ʱľŪһˣ
ǺţеģͲǷ֮ 
ܺãǳãȷʵе̸ЦЦȴ͸
һ˿Ź֣Ҹһ绰룬㵽Լ˹֮ʹ绰
һҪһϵĺ飬Ҳǳʡ 
˵գȷֽͱʣɿдһֺݸȻ
˵˼޹ؽҪĻ¥Ҫ뿪ˣŴڱڵĴӵ
˳ǿɬԼᣬôǰһק̵֣
Сʱ۰ȻһñطϲãȻʲ
ôֻĿŴ̵ִֻ¿ελһ
˳̶ʧҹɫ 
ųʧķдŵ绰ֽ
°̣ģһᾡĳǰһҪŪ
Щ굽Ϸʲô 
в֪ԼһʧˣȻ֪ǣ
ʱͬ˼ѣʵʼնһĮı飬
·ʲôûзϣʵҲ൱Ĳƽԭ
ȻΪĳ֣ûϳ˵һҲСʱ
Ӱӡ 
ʵϣ̿һɲͻл㱾ô˺ϤüĿ
֮ϡ۰СӰӣһĻΪ
ǰпܾ 
СͧըһĻجһӡ̵ԺȻԼ
ΪʱըƷ뺣ʱץһ
Ȧӻʱһֻס˾Ȧʱ춼Ѿ
ˣžȦƮããϣǺ·Ĵֻ
Ի˵ġ 
һоȦĳˣοһκξߵСҪ֪
Сֻͧ䱸һȦõˣôǱ߾Ͳ
ԾĶˣ̾ĿԼ㡣 
Ҳ϶Ѿˣ̲žǰ˲
ټֳƦɫ̸࣬Ǵĵ񣬱ܵĲ
˺Լ۰Сϵ 
ˣ̵Ļˣһֱĵ׵һιɶƳ
ԺһĻĻӰǰºͳȵ磬ܰ㣬
ǵƤɰһжôöܰ 
ţ̵ǲ֪¶һ˿ЦݣȻʱһͻ
齫翵˼һӸ˻鲻Խķһƺߣ
̶һҧס촽ס˽ҪȻתԹĵĿһ
粻Ĵ 
ǲղŵǸСأ 
ûûС 
ţ 
ߵͬʱȻƵͬʱ̷
һУֹסĲʲһһֻ
ֽܷӦڣֱ̽䣬ɸսһȥͽסˣ·
ס˳嶯һᣬĽִӷ˳
֮ɫ 
ܺãһֱ¶һ˿ЦݣյĲ
֪ԹԽ˵ʩˡ 
󡭡Ƕͣͣ¡̰ţֻֽ
½Ƕһš 
ѷ½⿪ 
 
ţ 
һٶ໰ˣ΢˫ֽµĿһһ⿪ֱ
½ȫʱһ쳣Ϊµ̵
ϰδ˿ƣյģˣһѩ׸ʵϾȻ
һʢ㣬ǷۺɫĻ꣬һ׵Ļߣôȶ
ˣ 
µĲְںɫ˿ͨ͸˿Ŀ
̵½һɫƺ״ĶǴ﷢ġ 
һ֪ʲôҲŮһֶôĴ̼
ҲȸΧһƬ򱻽ʪ˾ͿԿóҺʪ˿
͸ļϣΣͱ 
ĵͷ̵ֵ̽Ŀ£˿Ǻ״
˰ʱһţ촽µķܵĽСǲ
һͦ·ӭϴĶĸһ㣬ͬʱȼ
ʪԣ˿ʪĺۼһȦ 
ˣ·ɡԼҪЧĿĴﵽ
ջָ֣մȾҺһ£ŵǶţϾȻ
һ˿ı顣 
࣬ڴѾչʾ˵̬
еԸʼ޷̹Ȼ뱣Դ
Ķе߲֡ 
½µĿӿۺãȻļµȴûֹͣһ
н˫һ߰ĿŴһЦڴңͳ
ǰ˻ΣȻ¹رռȻֹ 
̳һȻҲûҪÿ˼
ﲻһ̾ȴ˿֣ŬƬ֮
ָֻһĮ״̬ϻһ˿죬ֱ˻
ղʲôû 
Ŷҵıҵ㣬ôԣһᣬ
ʿһ̵°ͣȻһ¡ 
ʱĴȻ֪ʵǱǰ˱ħ
Ҫ̺ݶ뵽Ǹﲻһ 
ٺ١֪ǸСӲȤһķɫŶ
ˣҲͬһءŶϧղĸ
ˣҲһйˣҲǺˣձˣҪС
Զ⣬˵绰룬Լ˹һǸ绰ġ
ǸһĨЦݣȴԵùթ 
ϰ壬СӰͳȥ𣿡̵ 
ЦҲ֪ʱ䶢ý
һٳ޷¶ٹҪ޷ʴ
һӰ͵¶ǵļʧʹˣ
飬СͰ齻Ͼ
ף鱨ǱʱӦǲע⵽ġ 
ǣϰ壬ͲСӰ𣿱ϾǶһҲ
˽⡣ 
ҸоСӻһͷ˵һʵղֳ
ҲˣһˡƵ̫ᣬƺûʲô
飬ȥ񣬶ҲҪģֻҪʹһֶξ
úõΪãڻ᲻ңŶǾͽϵ۰ɣҲû
ʲôõİ취𣿡 
û˵ղǲһʣЩν⣬
ͷת򳵴Ŀ治ϵ˵ľɫһѵõƽ 
Ȼƽûάֶ೤ʱ̵ĶϾʹǴһ˿ȵ
ˣ˵ȤĻˣˣԼ 
̸ողԷɵһͬʱӿһɸĪ
Ⱦһ˿ļʶʺתͷȥ
ӳǴǳɫԼɵǿ 
ŬŬ죬漴ͷһĿƤοϣֻ
·ĿӵĿѱ⿪ͬڿʵв
λãһ̫ĿҲʮһңȴ쳣׳һ
ҵëֱֱͦ𣬲ʱһ£Եе㼱ɴˡ 
ɫգѾأǱ裬ҧ
촽еķһȹϣһȿӣγɿ
֮ơ 
֮ûȥ˿Ϊ֪ȺãϲŮ˴˿
̵ӡһ˿ҵĹָ
Ÿ˿࣬гͲ˿࣬˿࣬˿ȵȣİﳣ
걸źü˫˿࣬ڱ˺ʱ 
42 
ֵ̽Լ£ѾظĶǾָһһ
ֻһ΢˺λ˿һӣţԽԽ
ϵǸɫ״ȫչ¶ 
ʱһ׼ȫסĺ״
ʱһֱۼ״ĴȻڵȡ𣿡 
΢΢һвһ̾״˼ҪԼ
ĺ棬뵽űǿвʹпܵ˺֮ʹͲ
һһ˿ɫ 
ʵϴʵ̫ԸؽһͨЩദóĽ
ۣɲ֪һʱô£ϼһĺͥԽԽ
ȤˣҪŪһأŪ಻ԡ 
̲Υ棬֫Ť貿ͦĥǰĥ֮
ӲĹͷԼľϣ΢΢³۱
ǿſһȦⱻﰼݣ̶һҪĸ͸ϯ
ĻܣüһţŽ׵ıݽҧס촽 
ֻۣͣĦ̵˿ȣһˬ죡 
һҧأȻһ³ԭͷ
ʱȫ룬ͬʱͷһ˿裬ֳľ
ӡ 
ǲһľ׮ܵĻ΢΢鴤ȴû
еľʹϾ˵ŲǵһοԴ˵Ѿ
ᳵ·ˣĸŻӦ˵ĳߴ硣 
ʵ϶˵ʹ໹ϵģţ裬
ָ࣬о糱ˮԺӿ飬ͬʱַ
 
ʪصԸĶ࣬ӶĦͽˬ
ôɵһ̧һ˿ķΣŶɧ
ôɵ㣬Ͼͽ𣿡 
಻ѣίϼһԼҪŪխĺͥȴ
ԼԼܿƵȻҲֻܸ̣ϲ˵ʲôֻ
ܾķɾոڵԼҶ˴Ĵ̼
һйע 
ԽԽԣ治һ㡣һ˵Ŵһ
ͽ⿪̵ķ¿ӣ˫סֻ飬Ƶ޵㣬
¶֮ɫ 
ϵ̸ܴоԼֻ鷿챻ˣȻʹ֮
ȴҲһ˿ĿУʹмӵĸо˵Ѿ൱Ϥˣ
֪Լ̲˶೤ʱ䣬ܿҪҵ֮УǲϴӺ״
ıԵҺͳ֤һ㡣 
ȻʱһڳǴֻˣ̲
һ־ѣҲɫһ䣬ֳ±ϵ΢գͷ
ֻҶϣȴĻϵʾʱɫһЩȻͨ
ֻˣᣡ 
ְ֣㻹û𣿡ֻﴫһ˵ƺ
㲻 
Ŷûôˣ𣿡һ˹ĻӦһһֻּ
̵鷿ܿص̺ϣָʱ
ʱק 
˵Ѿ꣬ϾͿԻԼ˹ 
ŶҾòôżȥҲԡ 
绰ʱԵе㼤ŶǰжҶҪ
ˣʲôˣﶼȥʵܲˣŶְ֣
װϰ֣ͿɣڣǾͲᶢҶôˡ 
Ŷᣬ򶨵㣬һѹܲ𣿼סά
ĺᣬȳ۳Ҵ󺣣ηѪûܽǴ
ܣУ𣿡 
˵˵ţɽǰ·Ϊã
ãɱϴӣһİϵ֪ȻӴ
ֻԼͷҪˣʹ֮Ҳ̲סˣʧʹߣ
 
绰ͷȻˣӼˣŶְֺ֣
һѵϲˣɱ裬йɪ㲻ɱ
Ϊ裬еܵǱҲˣԽԽԣ㡭˵
ҵĳŵ𣿡 
Ŷᣬ侲㣬ҵȻûҵ˵ġ 
ΪʲôһֱһԽԽԡ 
Ѿҳѱˣߵһһҧ
ֿԸ˴ֵĸɱ̫ˡ˵ţݺ
һ̵ͷȻһȴûнгҧס촽
סˡ 
޴ĳ̵ڵѪɲǼ֮ȣϵʹ
ʲôȻҲ֪Լһ̲ס߳ôֻӴ̼绰
ͷĹᣬӶԼܸѿĥ 
ĬĬĴͷ㷢סԼӣ·Լĳ
Լһ㣬Ȼĵ׵ıȴһžʯѹԺһֱ
иڻصһֻѱĸ𡭡 
绰ͷĹ᲻֪˵ʲôʱԵе㲻ͷˣ
õᣬעԴʣˣɣʲôµһ˵
˵գҲǱ˵ʲô¹һͽֻӵһߡ 
СԽԽˣûУƢԽԽȻ
Ŀ˵ɫѿ͸һŭ 
ͷϵĴ̲ҶҽӲ磬ѹԼĺ
¶ԷǨŭԼȻʲôʲôȻоͷݺһ£
漴𴬳ȣ̧ͷ 
һ΢΢̧ͷֻݵĶԼ
ΪӣǸ֮ϵԽԽš 
ҡԣԲ𡭡̶촽Ӭ 
غɫ̵ӣ粻Ȼקס
̵ͷԼһʱ̷ʹľУϰ˳
˵ϡ 
ͷʹδǱ̾͸о°һԭǴס°ͣ
ס۾ңǲֱ㻹ôɱң 
̳ҡͷ˵ǱסͱųɡO Σ
˵һֻƴҡͷһ˿־壬Ǽ
ֳỨ 
ô̵°ͣ۾˰ΣƺϿʲô
һᣬȻ¶Цݣͬʱɿֵ֪㲻ᣬ㲻ɱ
ңһҪңֻҰȫܵõȫҪ
ˣôøңʹ࣬һ˭ס 
ҡס 
ܺã̵»صĴϣһ߸˿
һ߽ŵС˵㲻ĳ˵һ
վˣôֵֶ֪Σ 
ĬȻֱʱֵ
ְֵҲ⣬ɣصԼ˹ȥĹǱС
ʱùƽһ¡ 
ԣʲôµһ㣬ٿȻ̧ͷһ
Ҫ 
ţɫһ³ҵĻҲҲ𣿡 
ǡæҡͷҡֻ¡ 
ɫ˻ʲôڣû˸Ұô˵գ
һ٣ֵȻˣܻһ㣬ܣһ
СӴкģҪ̫֣ͷĺˡ 
֪Ѷ˵ʲôҲ޼£Ǻֻţɫ
ò԰ףధ·û˽㣬˴ģܡ 
˵ʵڵģСȷʵԽԽʧˡҡҡͷ漴һ
ֱ˿ĦƵĶϣΪڶԵ쳣Ľ
ͽʵûһ˿׸⡣˳ŶһһĻȦ·ڰһ
ֵĶ 
̸оĶЩ쳣ʱƵĿڵ
ˣӡ 
ֱ̼ԼĶ䣬ǿҵĿ־ǰ
ڡ 
ûע⵽̵ɫ仯ȻˣҲں̻ʲôӦ
˵ΨһķӦ˳ӣԹԵ
Ը˵Ҷ൱⣬ʵ˵ûʸҲûǸ
̳ҵҵұÿǼ̳˵ˣڻ̫ϣ
 
ҲҪ̲סʧ˳˿־
 
ɫһ䣬̧־͸һ⣬漴
ָӡûüܵϵʹֻͷƤһһ
סͷ̶ʹͷ߸ͬʱ
µĴյǰס㲻ߵһһĸ
ĸûʸ˵ģ㵽ڶûܺõʶһ㣬ţ
ҸԽˡ 
̶ʱ󺧣뵽Լ۵Ĳλѹŵ粻ɻë
ˣæ𡭡ҡҴˡ١Ҳˡ
ģģһذɣ 
״һЦּһѾֻͷƤ챻˺ˣ
ʹٶЩŤʱ֪ˣ 
֪֪Ҵˡ 
ܺãСȷһšǸ̵ǰ˻Σ
¶һ˿Цݡ 
Բ̣ȻΪ̵ľˬķһҪ
Ϊ̸ӣҪͷŵĸѹӹֳλ
̿ɾʹ򲻳ˡ 
лллϰ塣ظѱ亹ʪ͸ 
ˡ 
ǣллˣ 
Цˣɿ˾סͷ֣תĶƤ
ɱһӣڻһӣܹƽ𣿡 
ţһͷһƬࡣ 
ЦһֱƽĿϵȻһͦԭ
صһ룬ֱֱ⧲Ȼ
ƨʹɷһƺߣʹధ֮ɫ 
֪ʱΪʲôƨ˰ɣΪԺ˻ܼ
㣬ڲ˳ˣʱ»ӰҶӵķǾͲˡ 
ᣬԼ֪Ϊĵ軹Ϊ
ʹԴ˵ʱˬвһǰ㣬Ů˸س
ǽʵĸоǱһСֽסɬ
ʪֽȻͬĸоҲһֲͬѰܡ 
ŶҷԽԽƨˣˬ˷ܵɫͺ죬
ҲȲԼˣֱס̵˿Σʼ˶ˡ 
𡭡ᣬ㡭 
̴һ˿ǻİţⲻǵһαͥ˵
سٽһǿҵĴǾǴʱΪһ
ŮˣʵܲǱѿ 
֮⣬һ˺ѵʹҲ̻ʧɫ಻ѣ
ȴ쳣Ĵ׳Լ߹ֱľĸؾճŵѽ޵ĳ
ˣرǾոΧһȦƤ⣬ѱŵϸֱ·һƤ
ʱܶѡ 
ٺ٣ϰ˾ͺãʱҸ㡣ţֻ
ס̵˿ΣȻ߷ֿԼĸ˳
 
ҧס촽ſڴǷ˶ĶƤϣų
һһµĳ壬һҶƮھκ֮ϣʱû
ĺ֮¡ 
ͣͰҪѣѿˡ̿Ƶҡͷҵ㷢
ڶͷЩŤҡ 
⡭ŹζˬŶɧ𡭡е
ôͷʼصĴϢһ߹һŮ˸ؼĽʲ
⣬Ȼʲôôͽһ
ϽͣʵĶһֺ̧ݺݵ˿ơ 
ͣҲ̵õһ˿Ϣ̱֮ڴ
ǰʵϴʱҲ۵òᣬϾˣҳڵ
Ѿˡ 
һʱ֮䣬һһԭҵһʱ
˰ִʱɲʵ̵ĺ󱳺˿֮ơ 
ϢƬ̣оָһЩղˣ
˫ֱסԺͷ״ĺһȻڻ 
̻ûȫǲҵ̧ƨɣƨ
ɵ̧ߣڸسһ˳ӶβŸسڵֱճĤ
еһʹ֪϶ǸղŴ̫ңس
ճĤβˡ 
ʱÿ̧һƨɣسǱƵģʹһ
ļĻŵֱı⣬˳һ㣬
ֻ֪һִʺĸо
ǵصĹͷ˵ոʱֱﵽߵ㣬·ֻҪ
˳һ㣬Ҫ籡 
ҧҧŬѹ²ʵĸо׼ƨ³
ʱӺȻһɲ㵹һԭ
ھոڵĹͷʱ룻ڴһֱǴֵĿϣ
ȴŵĽŲȵصϣƽȶȽϸߣֻǰһ¡ 
ô£ԾǷʽģǰŸһ
͸ĸæǰżʻԱ֮ͨ 
ϰ壬ǰྯ죬·飬ǳʲô˰ɡʻ
Ա˹ 
һɣһʼΪأϾΪһڵ
Ҫĳҿǲ٣ֻҪŶǰӵڳȺ 
ûһᣬʻԱִ˹ϰ壬˵Ҫ顣 
Ǿǲɡ 
Ȼ󣬵ϾԼ˹û£ȻΪ
Ӻ;ȥӦ֮㽫Ѿ
ҲʾһߣͷԼ¡ 
ܿ죬죬̰ť綯һ룬һ
ųһۣʱǰʮǹʵľ죬һ
·ϣ̲Сǳ˲Сİӣڵʲô
𣿡 
һˣȻǲмڻشҪǳ䣬һͲ
һˣŮкüֵıΧڳߣǸ챻
˲ûоܾشһ˿ĵŶģǰ
һҾưɷɱ˻ֿһˡ 
ֻôһʣԷûʲôȤ
ֿһʱȻһֵŶһ
ɱ˼ˣ 
ŶҲһĿߵʱһİ
Ҳɱġ켸֪޲ԣ֪Ķ˵˳ 
ɿһۣҲÿ˱˴ﶼ¶һ
˿ʱҲʶȤֱӳǰͬһûƣ
漴·ϱƿ 
˼ЦЦҶСӻԽԽ
Ȥˡ 
ϰ壬϶ǣ 
òǵĿж󣿡 
û۾ɱ˺ü˻ܰȻ벢һ
˼ȥƷ̵꣬ŶСӻЩµģûпˣ 
һССĲעƺתˣ
£֮±Ӱˣûмղжϵ԰ԴˣǼ
е㲻Ϊ֪ûзйôʱп
 
ԼʮӺ󣬳ʻһλڸıԺǴͼ
õļ֮һһﶼϲסⶰΪλ
ģͨҲԶ·á 
̺ʹ˳³ָֻ֮ǰǰޣޱ飬
ɫĮȻʱ¥ˣﰲźþ 
ǣϰ壡 
ӦһתָΧǼ׳˶װڣغü
ؼĵطͬʱǸֵʱ䣬Щ׳˶ıǶ
ƴӣ̬վԿóǶ̵շǷĵģ
ΪĹϵ 
ǲŮǲĸԸķһߣ֮Ի
Ƕ֪̲һƿǶʶǿĲ򣬶
ķļµǳ뻯һĵǹеǾ͸
ǲڻˡ 
ҲΪˣЩĻǴȻȫ
Ҳţ֪ŮҪɱģûгɹȴɱ˴
Ӽһӣ˺ܴľŽ񵽣ԭΪһɱ
ΪԼӺͶӱ𣬵ǵûɱ鸾ͱڣ
˭֪ʲô취շƱһŮˣ
èڴߣ 
43 
źñǸԵķֹ֮̾λ¥ϵңҵܴ
ռ¥ʵ˵ң˵һĴ
䣬ȴԻ£Ǵ£ܺõĽʷ۴󷽽
һټϻװԼߵļҾߣԵʣݸʮ㣡 
ʱĴѾһɫ˯ۣŶڿɳϿ
ӣһֻʢźƵĸ߽űʱһڣϵıԵ
࣬ƺڳ˼ʲô 
漴һ۵Ļֻڲţ˵
G ֱװͻ뷴˼ҽ˫ˣ
Ҫһ㡣 
⣬״ʱʲôˣ֮ǰҪһʮ
װľ𣬽ǷG Խе¶ǣȻ
˲֧ǵͳҲǴһַ֧
ͬʱָ̤ȨǹĶϹʵʩˣһ
ھԴƣԷĽģڽڰˡ 
浱ȻľôʧܣԴӱ
շת˴ĴȻǼΪӣȻ
֪ô©˷鱨֪ˣعϷǾ켸
ǶʮСʱҴµҪֻҪһ;G 
׾ԴԴ⼸һֱΪͷۡ 
һֱӳٽG ȻʮֲֻĽͺͰοʾһ
ᾡ취罻װοֽϻˣ
˲أǱ߿϶ҪʩѹҪ罻ˣԴʱʮа
ΪԽ 
ΣԥҪҪǰʱҲˣһ
𰸣ֻ֣ʾ̸̹æߵǰҪѯʲô
ʱȴһָú򡣡 
̲һȣʲôҲû˵ûһ˿ɣ˳˫һ
ڴĽ£˯°һãȻգµǸ
Ĵš 
ûս̾͸оһŵĹζȻûϴ
ողòŲԼйĵطͲüͷһ壬һ
ģͬʱһ˿԰Թ 
ˣ̻ǲзָֺסյ
ǰŪһСᣬȻŽͷ˹ȥӣһ㣬ǹͷ
ٵ⣬ 
ŶȵĿǻȫס̲סһˬ̾Ϣ
ҲһӲ˺ü֡ 
һסͷʼнʱ
·ʲôˡ 
̱ܵӦһ챻ʹֻ
ߵɾľû˿ͣͣ˫
ƵȥµĿӺһᣬ˫ֽµ½һţ
漴˷ӵһߣڴĽſ
 
ţһߺźһŽ¹Ů˵ľ̷
ǿдˬޱȣղΪϵŶͷϵĳ
Ҳһɨա 
ʱ򣬴Ѿ̵ȫˣĳޣ
ȥ֮࣬߹ֵĴֶȻԾ˿ͷС챻
ŵ˼ޣǽƤ·Ҫ˺һʹֱǱסһ
㣬ĶֻܿСסͷȻʱʱɨ
¡ 
Լӣ̿ʼ³һֱʣͷ
Ȼշصһ߰СɨŹͷ
һĿΣǱ˳Ӻֺá 
ĺã 
Ц漴ٱһںƣ׼ƱʱȻ
뵽ʲôǲ¶ЦݣȻҲûʲô˼Ҹ
ζ 
һ͸Ų⣬һЦ㵵۹н
ԼĶƤϣ漴ƻһϸ˳ŶƤ£ܿ
ĸ 
ŸʲôססҪ©һεɳϻߵϣߣ
ͱųһ򡣡˵ţȴ˸˷ܺͲ̵Ĺ
â 
̶ʱɫ䣬漴æ³Ĺͷͷ£
ȥ򲻶µľҺӴǶȿȥʱƨɸ߸̧
֫ŵأͷĺƣͬʱһƨ
һβ͵ĻǼֱѾһһȮ 
ʱµľʼӴʺɫľҺǳһϸ״£
һ̲һ̲й£ʱ̵еӲסˣֻǷڴ
µͷҡһΣһµľҺһȥǱģ
Եеˡ 
һֻ̰ԵСĸ 
ЦƵٶȸӿˣ˵ڵƣ
þƣ߽űʣС뱭ƱһԵȫԼĶƤϡ 
˲䣬һ̯һ̯ľҺӶ·ɢʣһ̾Щ˴
ʧˣʱв־Һ˳ƨɺȥˣۿҪɳϣ
֮£˫סĴȣһ̧ʹɳϣ
ϣƨ뿪ɳ棬ϸ߸̧ȫ¶ǰ 
ƨɺԼСµľҺӳɳгʱ
ȥˣڰһüͷǣм˿ҺȻ
˴Ǻںĸȥˡ 
ζѾŵˣŴζ͸ˣ
žͿݵģĳζĺټϱζϳһ
˵ǿҹֳζѬ̲Ż³ 
λľҺѾɾˣֻʣﻹ
žҺȻµˣֻҪƨǾͲɱմɳϡ 
뵽ղ˵ǻ뵽򣬲ųʹ̾Ͳһ
Ҫ֪֮ǰڳˣص򴬳ʾԼ
ȴûüھͱйȥÿ̷ˣһ϶ֹ
̾ԼǷ˲ɡ 
뵽⣬ֻǿѹķڣססŻ£۾
ţͷǲëƨΧһȻСĽ
㵽ĵһ飬ֲڵĴԴһƬհףȻһʱǹŹѬ
ĳζ 
ŶɷһֽУǷݶصˬ۾ףǷ˶
ĶƤһ 
ҲͲסˣĹֽһѾס̵ͷ
ƨСϣȻ˷ܵĲʱͬʱŴ
ȵ죬Ҫȫ䵽 
ءﱻ׳Ȼٶǿȥ̷
۾飬ֻͷţ۾΢գ˷ܵı
˶ӿȥһֻĹ 
̲Υ˼Լ˵ʵ̫
޷Ķֻ̼һס
ŪһֻסѴͬʱʵĶĹ
ͷ̼ 
ŶˣıӶҪáԣ
ˬٶЩŤ 
ŪĶԽԽ죬סѴҲصİѹţ
ʱȻһץסһֻ鷿ʹʱס嶥
ͷݺݵǰš 
ء۵ֱߣ۾ϷŴ 
Ŷ죬졭 
Ǻ̵İһס
ͷһץסͷȻǿ¹Լ
ͬʱ﷢ҰްĺС 
ֱ̼ʹȻ֪Ѿǿ֮ĩˣǿ
סʹͲʣϵĶǰװ˵һ㣬Ϊٵߣ
ɣϴͷ 
̵Ĳϴ̼£ԽԽֱԼ
ͷҪ˵ʱ򴬳Ȼһ˻һ󶶶ͷϵ۴
ţҺѵȺ 
һɣɡ˫ֵļߣһһ
ҺԴˣϤֻҺ
գǵȴ 
ֱʱԾڼߣֱҲ粻һ˿Һʱ
ɿ˫֣ȻƣĹͷϸϸŲ
ҺֽպǵľҺνȷԼ֮һ˿
Һ¡ 
 
³һЩȻɳϣ
ȴԶ׼ģ̵ͷ޵ò 
лл˵Ŀ佱 
֪ǳƺΪ˻ãʱɹؾصĹڴ
£˫ȲźһַϥϣƨɼԼСϣԺ
ԵĿóĹǾ˳õѵȻγһϰߡ 
šһ۾ţȻ侫ĸ߳Ѿ
ЩƣˣϾǡ 
ˣȥϴּ䡣΢Сġ 
۾΢΢Źڽµ̵Ŷˣ 
š̵ʹͷСˡ 
¶һ˿Цݵ𼱣Ȱƿˮˡ 
ͷһתͷȥֻߵĲ輸ϷһƿȪˮƿڶ
ûΪԼ׼õˣļ£Լڱͱ
еˣҪٺһƿˮ¾Ͳֹˣǰ
ǿб򵽼ޣĿֲӰٴϮͷ 
ֽȪˮĸšһƿˮ£ӶʱЩͣ
̶ѹȵİоԴˣдһ˿־ĿŴ
֪Ҫʲô 
Ѳ輸Ǹ 
̵ͷһ²輸ĺᵵȻһȰƴ˶ٵֽ
УȥֻİװУҲҪֱǰչȥ־
õˡ 
Ҫֽеݸȴ򿪡 
¼Ƚе棬֪浽װʲôûһᣬֽ
ˣһŽСӳһ¾ϳʲô
ʱɫһȣЩĪҡ 
һΪģȥǲƳɣ⻬
ӡӰԲΣе׶Σǰ֣ǰͬһ쵰
һĴָϸԲǵ¶װһָ׸ǻ
СֵһĶڵƹ²ʱĿĹâ¶˵
ƸղŴȾʱǸ߽ű¶ˣֻСϼְˡ 
̻ûùС⣬ҲȫԿóⶫһ
Լôǰ˶쵰εĲ־ͻᱻڸոڱǣ
ûǾԼġ 
ĿźĸɺٺһЦôϲɣ 
ȻȻǰ˵⣬̻⡭ 
ղڳﲻѾ˵ҪӣԼ˹
Ҿ˰ڵĻȥ㻳ԺƴҪĺˣ
ʱõһƨˡ 
ֻһ󷢺뵽ԼΪǰ˵߹
һҪΪߣĵ׶ʱһ󱯰һԵĿ־
ܴ޾ĥԼΪ
ߣһ뵽һִĵĺ⣬Ͳ 
ǸǰһἫķҲŭȻ
ԹֶΣѾľһ档 
ŸʲôȥסԺʺκʱ䶼
Ҫһֱҵر𣿡˵ţȴ͸Ų
ɵϡ 
ǣˡ 
ӬӦţеĽֽĽ֮
ģоʵĵģеη岻˼֣ӵ̧
˿ֻԼһ֪Լ
ѡˡ 
תſڵϣƨɶҡ 
̹ԹԵĸıƣ֫ŵصĹſţƨŴʱ
Ȼ˿࣬ƨɰǿ鲻һһ˿
ǰļȫֳ˿ӳֳһҵ 
ɫĿţĮȻдϣﻹ̲סһ
ƨɣԣлϵ۽ȫ͸ңŶлϵۣл
Ŀ 
ʵϣ̵ֹƨɣƤȵȴһ
ϲʵΪάĺᣬ˴شƨɵŮˣȻ
ĵĻ𱬳̶ȣҲʶЩŷŮˣ
ҪĸϸڣôΪҪʤࡣ 
ŮΪһɱҪɱԼɱԼӺ
ӣԼӹһ٣ʱҪΪԼӺͶӱԲ
ϧһдҪץסץסˡ 
һʼþôɱʵ̫ˣĥ޾
ĥҪݣ̵̷ʩϣҪܾʹȻ
ԼȫûϵǣԼĥĹоȻϲŮ
ˣȻ᲻ɱˣϧΪԼһӹϵú
š 
Ȼˣı䴬뷨һҪԭŮ˵Ů
ӣı飬ѹֵķһ 
ܿɹǣŮһĺñ죬ǳ뻯ĵ
Ǿ׼ǹȭţԼؽƸıڶĶ֣Ů
ֱһﰡ 
ԣ̬ϴԽΪһÿһ£
ĶӶ֪ڴܣ˿¾Ůˣÿʱÿ
Ѿ̶һ𣬾ܶ˵ѾԶǰһʱˡ
ˣдЩ˭ҲҶ¶һ㲻֮ɫ 
˵һΨһһֵðο֮ô
裬ҲվֻڴһǰҪһο֮
û˵Ļǿɾˡ 
Ϊʶ̶ԴÿһĥϾͲ
ôųˣ£繷֫أƨɸ߸Դ
صĲλ˺¶չǰɵľˣ
ﻹôһУܶǰȾͲͬնˡ 
ưմҪںúͷأһֻʹԼһ
ƨɣηֻСɵĸؾչ¶һֻ
ֻǰ˵ֽؾա 
ǰڳѾؽ̵ĸؾմʱ΢΢ſ״̬
Բּǰ˸յִؾյھһȦؼסˣԵú
˳еҸղڳϱŪһظţȻĻ
ڿҪԸĿͷ 
ϿʼһǶ쵰εǰҲ֮һû
ڣȻڽȥԼִƺٽһˡ 
ҧҧּ˼һľʹо
ǰһңȻֹ쵰βֵжˣҲ
Ĳλа˾Ź֣ȴǴ׳Ҫ֣ôܹ 
̵üͷһţ֪ĻǾ޻أԼѡ
ֻܼǰԼϢһᣬ΢΢һ㣬Ȼת
ְ취ȻֱҪ˳һЩһ
˼֡ 
̲ظγĶڲ֪ظ˶ٴ
֮ͻȻ࣡һ죬Ķ쵰βȫûľոڣֻ
ʣһȦӲҴ˶ٵĵھոؿڡ 
Ȼ֮ǰϣ֮ڶ쵰βֺ͵ִ֣
СĴָϸԲϸԾոڴһȦؼסԲ岿֣
μסõỬҲȫûڡ 
̲ס֮ȻʹоʵǺ
ܣǴҪδƵģҸĻŵǣûں
ƺѹס˰ףǿˡ 
44 
Ŷֱ̫ˣвֳһ˿Ĺâ˷ܣ
ĲŰ 
̵ƨڰŮȻ㲻ϴȻȴʤڽʵ̣ͦ״
ǳԲϷɫ񣬴ϸ󣬴Դ˼ֱǰ֡˿
Ů˵ƨɾͬ£Ĺ󣬶ڸؾ
ϵǶĵǻһڵƹ·һ
貹â 
ĴţǼֻң
ԽԽˣԼ˶ˣԥҪҪʱȴͻȻ
еһѹȣ޴Ĳʸ鲻ԽǰһˣʶҪ㿪
ѹȸУȻθһһȣ 
Ӷʱһ·𴬳ϰװһؿƵģ˲
ס壬ȻֻԼ֪Ǿ˶ٴεĲпĥγɵ
䡣 
ʱҲоѹȸԴĽֺһֻţý
ֺѹŸĵʱදţŪ̿಻ԣд
˵ĹŹʹǰİ׻С˵ҪʹִС
һҪȴ޷˳йʹÿһ鼡ⶼڳ鴤亹
乶¡ 
תȻڣͬʱֻĽҲ˻ 
ѹȸжʱ̲࣬ɳһæ԰ת˹
ʱ輸ȥſһողżѹȸ
ʱϮø뵽س 
ܵļ޳ˣȲ˵̵ѹȸУȴŵ
Ҳ߳ܵϷգսԼʵǰ
ǰѾûκˣΪŮԵܸ߳ģΪ
־ 
ֱסȡԣſſţƨ̧һ㡭 
ɳϵĴϷʩ̰ڳҪƣֱ˫
ֱסȵϥ䣬˫ıֱ濪ĽǶȽһٶʮȣͬʱ˫̧
ʹƨҲ̧֮ƹȴ͸޷˵ջ 
ʱǺɫ״ɽ̵ϣ̺˵
ѨȫסˣǾɵĸؾͬ˸Ĺâ绨һĵ
סһǰһصλ͸һ˿аռ졣 
԰𶯺ÿˡ 
ֵ̽£ָһһקѲƵĺ˿ƴһӣ
ɫ𶯺ȫ¶ʱֻֿס𶯺߳
΢΢һš࣡һ죬𶯺䵽ϣͬ
ʱһ͸Һ΢΢ͬһ⻨Ѩӿ 
Ǻǣôˮ㻹ǱˡЦ 
ߵñȥҿʵȷǱˣ
𶯺Ѿһʱˣһʱ𶯺
ʮΣҪ֪𶯺̼ľŮеĲλ١ 
ÿһο𶯺̾;һľƣĥΪڴ
֮ͥ±˷ҪһԭǴܺõĿס˽࣬
ֲﵽ۷塣 
ʱǿʱ𶯲ĺк޵ĵ̵ʱ̴һ˷ܶ
״̬һӣɵһĳ̶ȺҲ޷ۻ
еĸо಻ԣΪµǣĸоһظʮ
Σĥ췢ˡ 
ڣ𶯺ÿˣȻȴûиܵԤеɣ
һ̵ĿдصѨɢ̶ϯȫĸо
һֺ޲ܰ𶯺ϵԼѨϵĳ嶯 
ľ̬ȻȫʵҲ֮У
Ǵһ˿ζЦݣϾĿ̵壬ëɫ
΢΢췺ʪľȻԾɲҺӿ 
ڶ״̬е̻ɢһɲһޣ
Ѫӣ裬ãȻһ˿ʣΪ
һ˵õκ죬ֻ鷿Ƶ㣬ԭ
ۺɫĻ˿̱֬죬ǳѪͷλڻģʢ
ޣټΪϢؿڣֱҡҷˣ·һ㡣 
ĿתĿţʼĵȻóһֻ
鲻Խĸֻ쵽ǰȣǸ߸Ƥѥı䣬һ˿
ƤζĪ˷ܲѣ漴˳֮ϣ˹ų˿
޳ȣ̵Ĵжµĺ˿ã˿ָԼ
һѩ弡޲ѡ 
Ȼˡһ̴ŵ˫֮䣬ŵһ
Ҫʱ̧־ĴϺݺһƣͬʱ
ȵ𶯣 
̶ʱŵòҶˣȴǻ̻󲻰״⵽Ҫʲ
ô岻ʱȴ˱סĴȸʹߴ򿪣ԭʹŵ˫
ĸˣѩ޳Ĵȼһֱߣȫ¶
ڿУ̶Ŀ޼ɵš 
ʱ̵಻ߣԼصĵط
˽Ķţ߳ܵգս̲סתȥ
һͷ㷢סԼӡ 
Ȼ̸еһȺϢԼ´ӵ߲֣
֪ĸˣ֪һ鲻ԽȻһģ
ѨӤСһһһ£һɾҺٿȻ˵
ȫѰƤΡΡĳѪӲ顣 
߳ܵԸӣǰַܴ˵ı̬ĥʱû
ô߳ܣΪô̬˶ǶǱȵģ
ȴķӦҲʵķӦⲻ˵һŮ
ˣһŮˣΪԼһŮ˶е
߳ܣ 
˼֮ʣѨϺȻʪȻȻĸоһ
е㲻ŵתͷ͸˿һֻĹſԼ
Ѩϣͷţѹ΢΢ſƬϣζ
˱ţ·һʳ 
ֺ£һ˵߳ܣҪ֪⻹Ǵһ
Ҳһδڱ̵һ̫ľֹ֪
ȴԼĻʲôĥ 
ĵĺ͹ǲû̵ԺãΪ˺ܿ
ͱĿûÿŪʵ̫̼ˣδйһ
дѨɧ飬һ֭բĺˮһй
һȫڴϣȺϢһ˿΢ȵζһ
ǿЧҩǸ֮ǰ﷢йֱͦͦ
 
ŶҪšŹҰɡءҡͷ
棬ΪԼһǰʵ̫
ˣݻԼ־һ߽ԼʹԼ
еĸܵԼǶˣˣӴҲ԰Ρ 
һ۲۵ӣˬòлʵ˵Ҫ
Ṵˣ٣ 
ҧгݣſϣͬʱһͦ˲û
ʪѨͬʱ̷һУΥĳʵһӿ
ȫˬĻѾõѨȲĹס
 
˵ҪԼҵļͼеĶ
Ц貿ʼʶ 
Ŷҡ 
Ѿ˵ˣ 
ôŮµſųһ󴬳òǺˬ˫һᣬ
̵ľ˫ȱ̶ڴ˫ϣȻ˫̶ֹ
סſʼһδ󿪴׳ڷ̺Ѩʱ
ʱûԭ͸ҺŪİ׽ȻŰĭ˳˽ϵ
ط¡ 
̱˿һ߹һ 
ƨҲţһ˵Ŵһ߾̽
̵ľոشץסͽһ°γ 
ȻȴֳõĴС 
㲻Σ 
һ߲ͣʶƨһ߽ƨٽٳ
ѨĿһ˸߹һˣһѣθֱԼʣľո
ϹβţŹֵʹһֱǿȵı̬УֽȻͬ
ȴͬǿҵĿˣ˻ţš 
δţ˿̵ȫһֻĹһ̵ֻ˫
Ȼڻָƺ˿ݽǰۻ󸹱ơƶǲ
ͣײСʹһƬͨ죬һֻͣĽ
ƨĥȥ;ͳ֮
С 
µĲ輸ѱ˵ĺˮʪˮϵƨ£ʹ
͹⻬Ĳ輸쳣ʪ̶´ûһҪײ
輸ԵҪȥקе㷳ˣԽ
ٴβĺͥȻڳһסƨɣ˱ 
 
һ˫鲻ԽĽסֱֻҲ
ɵĲĲϡ 
𱧵ôҴ𣿡 
ֺֺЦʱŮ˼ֱƵĹϣ
ʱǷſסƨɵ˫ҲԼסҲ
ˣԼĲҲĽģЩˣ̧
ƨϾһƣһ㡣 
ٺ١Ҵ󼦰ͶţſֽҲ 
һ˵һ߾ͱ߶Ĳ
̵Сʱʱ֣ȻٶȲǺܿ죬˵е
ԽǼΪ̼ģÿһ̶һִ·
㶼Ǹϣоղ˵ûԼſֽţ
˵ҲᶥԼ 
ĸо߾һȣʧ˿صˮ
ͷĽҺһһӿ˳˵Ĵϣ߹ĵ
̺϶һ̯̯ʪա 
Ŷˬˬˬ 
ţǼ˵̾ôһ
߶һ߳壬ԼҾͿʼ߶ܲסˣһƨɳ
ϣȻ̣Ѩ漴ӵתһ
ɱԼơ 
ʱѾŪĻجج·ʧ˻ƵɴŪֱ
סʱȻع񣬾һͬʱҲе
 
𶯣ڿʼĺˡһȡ 
ԭͥĸ֪ʲôʱѾóˣ׼
ʱûٴν̵ѨǸĺͥˣ˵ܸ
ŵĸѾľոɳ˲٣쳣׳һ²ȥ
ʹɵܵҪ㿪Ҳӻج״̬аѳ 
üһţ޳ĲƴȥѾԽ˴ļ
һֻһ㣬﷢ĴϢƺߣ 
˫ֳס̵ȣڻͬСһ㣬Ȼ
ôɳϿʼӣܷȲǺܴ󣬵
ǲֱ̫󿪴ϡ 
ء㡭Ҫѡѿ˰ 
̻ʧɫסİֻƨһպ
Ȼ󲻶ϵֱʹ·ĸⶼһ㡣 
Ȼ˿̵ĿǰһļԽѾ
ǿ֮ĩʱһйעҪǸղžһСйˣ
´ʱѾˣɾˣխľոʱ
ɢһĿѸپۼұ֮ǰ͸ǿң֪Լֲ
ˡ 
ŶңҿҪˡ˫ĿԲţ˷ܵ໽С 
ţš 
ʱ̸˵һ仰ؼ˺Ѿʹ
ȥʱһĹȥ֪͸˻Ӧˣ
ʹ֮һָоֱһ
Űļµɢһֱ쵽ǰʱ
ʱһ 
ƽɳϣѹϵ̷ͦС
ļҶҲ˲ʲô߳ˣ˻ߵ˽ţǰһ
鷿·˦һۻҵ鲨 
ˡ룬ʧ˽С 
ҧļֻ֣ɿԼ˫֣Ȼһ
Լֻһ쵽̵Сһᣬ漴Цҡ
Ҫ䡭ˡ㡭Ҳ磬ɡ 
С̴һ˿ǻҡͷʱȻҲʼ
ˣˮľ߳ŲСľ룬ʹͬʱ
ˡ 
û˵ֻǽеͦԼСȻֻһ飬
ֱһȦ漴۴ţҺ籡
ͬʱֳһĨЦ㡣 
˵ͬʱ쵽Сµһס綹
٣Һݺݵһ£ǿŮеĲλƽʱһ¶ܲˣ
οֱĶֻһɳһ˺ѷεĴУӴ
ĲӿȻʱҺİ׺Ȼ
һӣ΢ƵҺڿлһĻߡ 
Ŷ 
̷һ˻޴Ŀ糱ˮһ㽫ûʧȥ˼ά
ʧȥ˸й٣̶ʧȥʶڻ֮ǰ˺ܶǰԼ
һ崿ޱȵŮŽѾڽ׵ɳ̲ЦţšȻһ
ľ˽ڰԨ 
ԸֻŻᾭ̵֣Ժһγ
˹ȥһĻĻӰһ֡֡Ժӳţô
ôʵ 
ĺƴһֱܣҲһ־
ô׵ˣڸ˺棬
ʱըĿ֮ͧԶˣϵֱҲӰ
͸֪ˣһʱ֮оֻ֮ʣһˡ 
£Ҳ˲ϱˣƴ֫Ŭ帡ˮϣ
Ҫľ֮ʱȻֲԶһȦһ۾ϳ
ȦǿͧϵģȻûбը١ 
ǿȦںƯһһҹƣҪ֧
Ųסʱþˣһ·洬洬˾Ϸˣ
ͰϷǡ 
뷨ͬѲ̵һʱȥŦԼҪҶ
Ȼʵ˵ȥŦԼˣ涼⣬ǰһֱ
ܰʳǣδΪţҲκıɣ
ʼһʱ䵽ͷȥ֡ 
һʱĥ£ѧζΪ׬Ǯάֻ
ͬʱҲҪǮȥŦԼԱͷСϴȵײ
Ĺ 
Ļ̶ȹһʱ䣬ʱȻά
û׬ʲôǮҲѸٳǸ
ɬ¶µŮˡʵϣСṦ򣬲и߳
ķɵɣʹмǿԱĻ²֪Ѿٻ
ˡ 
Ϊ׬ǮһշתϷǵľ׶Լ˹ﾭ
÷࣬н귽Ҳط߳һء 
Ȼµײ㹤нٸܸߵȥһʱȥû׬
ʲôǮĿʼˣΪ׬ǮٶȣⱲӶ
ȥŦԼΪ磬ܰ㣬Сˡ 
Ǿһ;ᣬ̾ȥһҹܻŮ˽Ů
нĿǰµľƵԱҪ֮߳࣬˽Ϊ
һŮǼҹܻŮɡ 
Ůаŵ٣һˣһƯֽɫɫͷ
غɫԺ촽Ϊ٣һ
ɣŮ 
һ£̺ͰŵٳΪѣŵ֪ҪǮҲ
һֱŬʵޣԲֹһνԼһȥҹܻ
ŮɣĿǰҪ߳ıҪ󷽵Ŀ
ˣ뷭߰˱ʮ⡣ 
˵ʵڵģ̲ǲܵģҲ֪ҹܻһʲô
طŮɸһʲôְҵ˺ȾƣҪǿջЦҪ
ܸɧţռܲһֱûд
Ӧ 
ڣʵѹڳܲסˣҪǮΪ˵Լȥҹ
ܻ﹤ҲǲܽܵģֻҪԼһĵߣӦòʲô
⡣ 
ûѡͰŵһŮɣѡŮΪȥҹ
ῴΣĻΪϤŵÿɫ˺Ⱦƣǵ
Ц֣Ǹֶֶţ죬飬ȵȣԼһʱ϶
ܲģҲޣŮɿ϶Ǻʺϡ 
ŮͲһˣŮڰԲε̨裬˶̨棬
ռΪȻŷǳ¶ɧŵļҪŮСö࣬
⣬ȻûרѧϰСϰͶȷǳã
֫ЭҲѣЩ赸ϼ۾Ϳѧ˾Ųʮˡ 
ŵû˵ҹܻȻҪ֮ǰĹߵö࣬
ˣ׬ǮĶܿͿ˷һʼĲӦ֮Ѿ
ϰÿϻŷǳŨ޵ױݣű¶ļµȹװ̨
Ÿ˵ˣеĶǳջ 
֮ԽԽŵÿΪ̷ԽԽܼ˵˷ܣ
Խ˷ԽǮÿ棬أȻ󵨵Ķ̨
µ˾Ǵ˼ѪƵ˷ܣȻ󻨻̵ĳƱ׷ӵ̨ϣ
ӱ¶˵Ķ 
û֮ǰԼµĹأǾǱһĵߣв
ŮܸȤһһһһܾˣ
ʲôԽ֮ˡ 
׬ǮٶȣֻҪϸһؾȥŦԼǮ
̿ǵȥŦԼǱߵʳסжҪǮģҵǱҲ̫
Ͼɱ˶۵ģʱϵԽҪǮԽ࣬
ܹ꣬ٶʮ뿪Ϸȥ 
ʱĺܿ죬ת̾ҹܻһʱ䣬ܵǮ
ʮĿҲ̫ԶˣܸˣҪ˶ʱͿ
ŦԼȥһֱѹͷĴˣȻû뵽ǣһ
ͻȻֵеļƻҲ켣ڰֲԤ֪
Ԩ
             ʮ 
ǺƽһϣһҹܻY裬賿
صԼסķӣһţһ޼ɵŮ˽
ĴϢĶ䣬һŮ˵Ϥĺ
Ѱŵ٣ҲǴķYġ 
̸еĠ⣬Ƕ԰ŵٺһе⣬ʵ
֪ŵٲһŮɣҲƤ⽻ףֻվŮ
ִļŮǮϣһ򳤵ıȽ˧Ǯĸߣ
֮ռѡȨģ֣ûд˻סķ
Y׹ҲֱܱȽϺõĹ؂Sܳɠѵԭ֮һ 
ŵٽеĺܴ޼ɵĽдãͷ
ǱĠԼľȫ޷赲Ĵˮ㲻ӿ 
Ŷ壬ҡˡŶ١Ŷ
찡ҡҪСˡҪҪ
ˡ 
˰ŵٵ⻹Ǵ̼ҡĿ֨Щ̶
ֱ˵ĴʱǴصĴϢһж
࣬ƵĽԼ䣬漴Žϡ 
ŵ٣ô˴Yˣ֣ 
ڵɱ棬֮ǰҪСһЩЩ
ƽĵһ¾ǽԡϴ裬ڸȥԡ
ͽڰŵٵķţYֳûʲô𣬶YͻȻһİ
ˣȫģҲϰĻϴ衣 
ֹһᣬŰŵһ˺ѷεĴУǱ߷YȻ
Ȼ˵ⲫսˣڰһ˵ʵڵģ
֪ŵǸŵŮҲʱЩƤ⣬ʵû뵽ڴϻ
˷ŵÿ޹˼ɣ޼ɵʮһϵ 
Ķһᣬ𷿼ſӦ
Ǹ׼뿪ˣǳ׷Ҳ׼úһ
°ŵ١ 
û뵽ǣܿķűˣŵٵ
ˣС壬𣿡 
Ŷڡ 
ȻûϵʱŵٻԼ䣬Ҳ⣬ղŻ
ҪúأӦһߵźŴ򿪣漴ŵپˡ 
ڴŵһɲ̿˿Yһˣ
ΧһϴëԼڴ򿪵ıǰ֪ʲ
ô 
һȣºǲ죬֮ο͵ôô
񣬾ȻҡڵĴ򿪱ҳԵģҪ֪Ͱŵٹõı䡣 
Ͻţȴ΢΢һֻŵϻ˿˿
죬߳ĹʣüĿ֮Ƿø
ţǼȾֲ⣬Ƥ⽻Ҳ㣿
˼飡ǲ˼飡 
ŵټӲɿЦŶС壬֪һܾȣ
ǲǣ 
Ҳϣץסŵٵֵŵ٣ôһİ
Yһ 
ŶװС壬˵Ҹ㣬ɲİˣ
ѣ𡣡ŵٺ˷ܵ 
̺ܳԾɵɴ۾ѣ㲻˵ʧ 
ǰȷʵʧһʱ䣬ˣˣŶ
̫ˣ˵ţŵ˷ܵԭתһȦ 
̺漴Ġƽôԭˣ㵱
˵ 
ȻԭˣҲǱ뿪ңˣ
ֻصߣǰЩҪˡ 
㰡εҡҡͷ뻹Ȱ˵䣬ڰŵ
ֻýҪ˵Ļȥԣȥκ˵Ļ 
ŶҸǽһ£ҸղŻ˵㣬˵һһ
ѡ˵䣬ŵתźţֹˡ 
ˣҸһҵĺѡŵЦ 
ǱһӦƺǲ̫⣬ǴһŲ
һ᷿ſڳǸϰӣֻſϣY
һơƣͷ๾ĺš 
֮ǰŵٿŵʱƳһۣ֪ϰ
ΧſסƨɵëԵʱҲ˼ϸֻһ
ۣȻһ۾Ŀһ±ճסˡ 
˵ʵڵģѾһûмʲôСˣҹܻҲ
ôһʱ䣬ɫȻǿ٣ǰô˧Ӣ
͸ȻĻǵһοޱȣ͵İ壬ûһ
Ͷӡɫͷ쳣Ũܣָ̣
°Ƿرɫ͸Ų⣬ݷһжν 
һơ¶֮ĽĿͶȥ漴һֱ
ĿڰнʱǴ΢΢һ̶Ųת
ͷȥͷʱ¹ײɫգԼоļ졣 
תͷȥû𿴵Լʱ۾һűȤ
´ţȻվֱһŶãҽ𣬺ܸ
ʶ㡣 
㡭áЩߣЩңЩϲ 
¶һ˿޵Ц⣬ֵһ۾Ϳĵ
ǵŮ˼ʵǳԼжôŮˣ
ҲƾƲ֪ŪŮˡ 
ѹŮȣǰһɶŮ˵浾
֫޳Ǽȳƣ˫ȣȻñһߵİŵҪʤڱ
ѣӾϣоҪȰŵٵҪʤһ 
ŵ˵ҹܻŮɣŶѾеȲˣ
һ̨棬ˡЦ 
Ŷŵ٣Ƕ죡YԹţһЩ
ϲ֪Լ̨Ƕô˵Ŀ⣬ʱһ۾
ֱˡ 
ˣװģǻطɣС°࣬ӦҲˣǾͲ
ˣʲô˵ŵǰסĸ첲Ҫߡ 
Ǻã 
 
Ϸţ̱źԼգյY
ң૵ôˣ˼ҿǰŵٵѣǧ
ʲôӦõ뷨 
ǲ̣һ뵽Ӣ˧ⲻʣ
̲סĴȶһִδйĸоļ䣬֪Լ
Ķˣ 
ѵһ飿Ŷ˼ŮѵģŮѻ
ѣҲܺ˼룬ܡϽ˯˯һͺˣԣ˯ 
˵ڴϣ˵ϴˣ·ûѣôһţ
ϵĸ߸Ьҵ˦˳ȥȻűסͷһš 
ɾʱŵٵķYһδ˶һ֮ǰҪ
С࣬˵ڹŪʲôߺĲ֪ڸʲô 
ҪǸڸղţȻֵðԽԽ
鲻ԽϸɻǺɵһ
ᣬʹţ߼ԡҡ 
Yŵٵķһ֮̽ȥ֮Ҵ
ĽڣȻڷYʱĴĶ䡣 
һ̵˱ʲôһʼ̻֪
ڸʲôֱǴѹֵĴϢȻعζ
ʲôʱһȣȵ÷̡ 
Ŷ桭ˡĺüˡԣ
ԣŶ 
еһشһһµô̵Ŀϣֻ
Ƚŷе㴭Ĳ࿿ڠϣǰݷ𿴼һ˿
ҵİŵٹͬĽ£ŵǰ͹£ȵ
һֻĸȮͷſĿţô϶ָ
ɡ 
СС塭ŶС塭 
YͻȻԼ֣Ԡ֪ԼԡY͵
òʧ˳ҿʱסԼͣͬʱţ
Σָо޲Ҹط荽ȥ 
̲ҪҪӦʱһĶ䣺
ҺͰŵٱĸڻð 
̶ʱסˣһʱûŪô£ĵȷȷ
ŵٵֱҪɸڷYǸǲǰŵ٣ǲǻˣ 
ٺ١С壬㡭ĿڽܰŵҲ
Ŷġĸһڻ˵˵á´㡭
һҼʱһϸ¡ 
Ǹ̰ĵСŵٽЦţٴԽԽ˳
 
׹ˣŵɫݵϷڰԼ
ڳһͬʱֲӣŵҲ̫ˣȻٰԼ
˵顣 
ĴϢԽԽˣʱǲȥˣԼ
ĻᱻڷY˷֣Լʧ̬Լ벻ĵز
ֳԡңƵĻصԼķ䡣 
һ̲֪Լô˯ŵģǺʱ˯ŵģֻ֪һ
嶼ʪģڿǻ߳ܵǵڶʱ
̵λʪϴôһڿ㣬ʪļšˮ
 
ԴԺ̻ϾͺͰŵһһˣ
ȷһۣϾһˣһһˣʲô
¶оǺܷˣҪһǣŵپ
ңŸֻ¼еܶоܲȴ޿
ָ 
ȻվĶˣǼӢ̾Ī
ãĸоòԼʱ
ϵʱ֫ϵĽӴԴˣǵУܣ
һ͵Ĵ̼ϲ 
ŽӴʱ࣬Ҳʵһĵˣ
ޣҲмľˣȻʶͼѸ
⣬ɢʱҲʹԼǳϣԼܴ
ѳջͽ޹һ 
Ȼˣ̵ĳѴ壬ϻǿƵĺܺãͰŵ
ǹ؂Sܺõѣδ¶ʲôҲδò
κλӦ 
⣬YԼŵٵĿҲһЩ˽⣬
ᣬŲʮ̻꣬Сһ꣬ûʲôʽǰ
һҵ¶ĳЩӣҲʱͰŵʶˣ˹؂Sֱ
ŮѲѸͬһ 
¶ĳĴӹͬС㣬΢ֲȶ
Ͱŵһʱ󲿷ֿŮɵİŵٸʱ·
Ǯṩģ˵ǰĸԸ˽
ԼʱʱŮ˵Р̡ 
Ȼˣǰ뿪˰ŵ٣Ҳˣ
ʱİŵǼĺޣҲ˱ЩԱʼƤˡ 
ֻˣȥģָʲôûϸ˵
ֻ˵˸һʴ⣬õϴʶڸϴ£
ĵһƬ⣬ʲô⣬һʼ
֪ˣҪҡͷ裬дһЩƷ֮ܶ
ھһڰӵСͷĿ 
̵Ǹȫһŵ㣬ģ
ᣬɻ£ģνӼ߰ߣˣ
۶һ£һ޿޵ȫһ
˿к񣬷ȶ㺰һŮķȫ 
Ůֺɬ̰Ȼ֪ǣ
εĺܺõͱŮ˶Y𿴵һǱ
ڰ֣ֻʵʱųһٻ֮ 
һģһ⣬ټһ߰ŵգʱ
ĺܿ죬һͨʱ̻ǰŵٶУ
ǵĹʱ䶼ϣ϶˯ֻʱ
Ͼġ 
һҲ⣬̺ͰŵٶЩĵڿYɳϿŵӣ
Ѿкüûлˣ˵Ҫϰȥ̸һ⣬ҪԼһ
ڵʱܻ 
ʵ϶ɰŵʵôţϾ̫Լѵ
ˣο֮ǰ޹ʧǰƣԴʱԵеɥĲ
ɵɳϣ˪ӡ 
Űŵģ̲ЩЦ̲סżѣ
ô 
Ŷ׼ȷ˵ǵģŵıɫYһ˿ǵ 
ȻģŶ㵣ʲôϰγȥ̸
Σգ 
Ŷ˰ɣϠǺϰһȥ̸⣿ҿһ
ҲʱĸҪڹءŵٱЩ߷ߡ 
еԾϸϸһ룬ðŵ˵Ҳ޵ 
֪֪жڴ⣿ŶĲ˵ҹܻY
ǸɺнݣЩҪĸڰ𡣡 
ֻЩգɫҲЩȻ֪Լ
ҲǰģһԼҲǰŵٿ˵ˡ 
ŶҪϲŮôԸϲ㣬Ͼ
ѣҲͲ뿪ҵߣ˿һֱһˡŵٺȻ
 
㡭˵ʲô־һ±һ
εκ߳ܡ 
ŵЦʼ磬˫һ̯һʲô֪ı飬ʱ
ǱԿת漴űˣһӰſڣ
˭ 
Ŷŵһϲ漴ɳϵһֻ
С¹ſڵ 
΢Ц˫ſ˵ǰİŵһѱ˻Yŵٳ
һԾ˫Ȧס˿ʼҵ 
ʱİŵֻһİɫ£һСĿ
ֿ㣬һ׾ŵĳ´ڰŵϣ°ڼ
жΣͬȹӣһҲûʲô˫סŵ
ĳ¼䣬խСֿȫ䣬߿
ȥͬ㡣 
޹˼ɵŰŵٵ⣬ͬʱһȥ
ŵٿǵѹǡöСǿ͹ĲλϣżҲ
ܵYļӲ͹̣⼫Ĵ̼˰ŵٵţ
Щ룬ƨɼ͵ŤţĥԼǵѹϵ͹֮
 
ڼ֮еȫˣݷǲһ㣬
ĳһʼе㲻֪룬̲ܿסҪ
һᣬǱʶYǲȣԼY
΢ֹһ£˻ᵱԼ浶ǹĸ 
Ȼ̻ǵ͹˵ǵĵߣƺǵ
һ㣬һһϣ·赲˿˿
źһ 
̴ʱѾˣŰŵȻߵĸǰ֮࣬
˽оҲǣҲǣһʱ֮ݷʧȥ˼άĴ
 
˴˽һİŵٺǴһĥ
ţܿ̿͹һһС̯ʪգŵٵȸ
ǷžӨĹȻһƬʪ 
̵͸˵ƻ˫ȸһ
رȼһĨߴ֪YѾúͰŵһʪ͸ˣһһ
˵ĵطYУ
ܼˣһ򼱣ҪͷŵĻ̿֡ 
㡭ǡңȥ䡭̽Ͱ͵˵һ䣬ת
ЩĵĽ벻Զϴּ䡣 
תͷ¶һ΢ЦƺҪ˵ʲôʱȴŵ˫ס
ŤתŶ𣬱ҡ 
ŵ˷ܵ״ΣһֹֻסĲһֻ˴˽
֮䣬ͬʱнԼˬȣƨ˽С֮
ڳһССĿ϶ȻֻѸȥӵ
ɵָ΢΢һǹ̼ӲͰ಻סһ´
̶Y
. 
2019/12/03ɫɫ 
                            ʮ 
ڳΪŮ֮ǰŵҲüѣ˼һ
ж̣дϸвֳֳ־ߣЩٮٮȣ
һﲻţΪ˧ӢֻŮ˶࣬
͸߳ļɣŵپֻܴԼĸ߳Լ
鵽Ů˵Ŀ֡ 
ֿʱ䣬ŵپǼѾõĿȲ
ͬʱŤΣǰ˵ĹͷĶֿ
ǰɣȻ׼ԼʪˮѨһļѹȥ 
˻վˣһ嵽ףѾ˺üѨ
Ȼõֳʵ̺ͼӲĸо֮ŵټļҪʧȥ˿ƣ
ţ˫ֽסĲͷţ˫Ŀգݷȫ
⼫ȵĿ֮УȻһС 
ŶװģᳳСġЦ˵ţͬʱһת
ôŰŵɳϣɽһ 
Ŷˡ죬١ҡҪݺݵĲҡ
ŵٺ޹˼ɵ 
һǱߣֻǱߵƺûϣǵϸϸŷ
п޵ĿӰڻζǲ¶һĨ٬Ц⣬漴
ݺһ̶ͦͿ˿籩ģʽ 
ϴּŵٵԽԽ
ȴĪĽƣȻ䣬һֳȥѰŵٴ
ĳ嶯 
ͷһԼһ漴æʹҡҡͷƺ
Ƶ뷨˦Ժʱеڽˣһ
ʵ̫ˣطСǶ޿ɶ㡣 
֮ѿڶҪΪղĪ⣬
䣬Ͱ֮ǹŹֵȴʧӰ٣Ȼû⣬
ûΪ֪Ҳȥֻ
Ҫǣֻӷ˫ֻԼ֧
סӣ̱ȥ 
ȱһάŸزʵſű֮
нһ׵ķ϶ֻҪԽĿ׼һжɾ۵ס 
̼Լȥ棬۹ȴǱһεſ
ŷ죬̶ɳϵһԽӰһ˿©ӳ
ֻŵٺĴȣ˫ϥɳϣ˫ֱסͷ
ԼǷظϣͬʱ弤ҵʶţǲ
ˬݷǾúȻõһĺ졣 
찡ˡŶã 
ƺҲԽԽˣ˫ֽŵٵ˶βıˣ
СϽ˵ķٶͦţÿһµ֮󣬰Ѱŵ
ϰ 
ǿ֧£ŵٺܿɾԭŪû
·ֻһûһµĽƣʣµֻмУż
ú˷ܵļС 
ҲǳʱŷһǶȿȥֻԽԽ̵Լ
׵Ƿ궯̿ʼоǰЩģΣҲ֮л㱣
ݷһ״̬֮УֱͻȻܵһڹ壬
̼ͰϻȻеãȻ
ҿ˿ŵͷһĻʱߵ̶۾
ٿ 
ߵòҼ˵һֻ־Ȼ޲们壬ʳָ
ָȫһƬ֮УָǰһȫûѨ
оָһ˿谭һʼһɻ󣬲֪ʲôԭ
Լ˼谭ʲôߵͬʱеź£
ĳָ 
Ȼʱոǹ˵һļȴ̼ĸоһδ˹
鲻ԽһǿҵĿͷѣΣҧס
ԼеıİŵٸӴ 
ʱ׹ˣԼ䴥ǿСС
ѿˣ֪Ů˵٣˵ʵڵģ⻹һμС
ȫòǰǱһ㱡ĺɫƤ¶һСͷ
ȫѰƤֳȫò⻹һΣľ
ôһΡ 
֪Ů˵вλ֪ȻôУȫ󳬺
ԤϣһĴ͸ô̼Ҫϵ
̼ʲôһֺԼ϶ȥ 
ŵٵԼĴִĵŪ֮಻ϵĴ
øոմлعֺޣ˼ֱǶ
Ūڶûꡣ 
ʱ廹ڸղǹĿ֮Убˮ䣬
Ҳ᲻ȥŷ죬ֵָֻȻѾˣɷ
ѨϣָʶĸŪſѪĻ 
ȻʶĶܿͱ̾쵽ˣӵƵ
ţ̶Ҫֳָһÿһ̵ĿϮ
ܵüͷһͬʱԸղĻҵĿ
һ˿ǿҿ 
̵ֻ־ͣ˰գûȫأҲûٴθѨ
һ־֮У븧ȴҸÿ᲻ÿ 
ĿƳ̿ԼѩϸһԺɫֳĨ죬
߳ܵġ̡һҪ֪ƽʱӸµĽǶȿȥֻܿһ
Ƭĺɫ֣ȴĨ죬ĨǳѪ͵
ʵû뵽Լᱻ̼ģ͹
棬һŵĻһⷭת 
ԼԼ巴ӦסˣĿһᣬֻ
һֱͣڰе£һθſ绨һ 
ݷƽʱʮ̵ָһ͸оǰһ
ͷһѣΣĵݷʲôҵײһ£ãʵ
糱 
ģ߳ܣȫűȥ׷Уһʼĸ
Ū󣬻岻ָСȥ
ǿҵָУѨֱСٴ׵ֱִԣ
һ·ݣһ·Ŵ󣬽ըĿ۾
ҧס촽ɸ 
 
̺﷢ްƺ𣬼ĺȵ˫գ͵
ʹ鷿һͷֻһ֮ңˡ 
ȻֻԴһ죬漴һƬհףͬʱ
ڵأǴ˵ˮͷһĻҹ籡 
Ҳ֪˶ã̸оԼ˱ӱ
שתһůֿĻԺоⲻԾ
Ǵʱһָ붯ůֺʵĻô
ȫ۾޲ܾôԶȥ 
ѵȻо崫һ˺ѵľʹһ
ˣͬʱҲˣɴ۾ǰһĻ 
ֻԼϵȫȻ³ģһ˫ȱֻ
ס߷ֿԼϰ͸ղĸоһһ
ʵĻ˵ƾ类Ӥһ㡣 
ʵǣһֵĿµĲԼĴ
֮ѨŵֻʣһȦϸϸƤ⣬ͬʱһʺѪҺ
֮һ˿϶ﻺ 
ŶҪ̷һҵĿ޺ͷҡţ
 
Ŷ𶯣𼤶ңұһ
ʪȵ̵ĲӣȴסĶͷ
Ϥĵš 
ȻһʼȥԼ֮˭ɵĵȷȷ
֮ʱһ°࣬վ˶
ʮĴ֮ôͻȻʧȥһĻ֮£
̲סģתͷ涵ĿǰӢǵף
ζӳ¡ 
ŶԲҲ֪㡭Ŷ֪һСģ
ģŶԲ𡭡һ૵˵һȥϵˮ 
ԼǵںȻһ˿ۣʧ
Ĳɵ࣬ͬʱ𲻶ϵ˻Ӧʼ
ǻű˴˵գͷ˵˫һʱ
̱۾ֳһĨҸЦݣҲͬ¶Цݣ
Ц͸ȴǲ˷ܺ͵⡣ 
ϾͬһŰֽǾþ鳡Ķ֣仨
һССֶξУȫĵͶ뵽֮У˳
һδĸо 
ŶϣûдŵǡŵٵȻһ 
һæĴֿعͷһֻŵվԼǰ
ȫһ˿ңЦĿԼʱ߲֣һУ漴˫
סԼδĶѸȾ쵽ӡ 
ߣҲˡŵЦ 
һʱȻס֣ĿŰŵ١ 
Ŷ㲻ͰŵһҵŮ𣿡̶
 
ǡ̲ȻŤӣĺ
Ķģдһܣʹʹôоˡ 
ŵЦĶλ̴ŵ֮䣬һĿתĿ
˵ĽϴһߵǾˣԺһסĴ
ЩҪӡ 
ʱﻹ˵ŵ˵ŵپôĶ
Լƴ忴ߵòɻǻһ㣬߳ܵת
ͷ˫סԼ𡭡𿴡 
ǶǽˣͬһѣʲôŵЦ
֡ 
ءߵÿ޳ˡ 
Ŷ찡㡭㾹ȻǵһΣŵٵɴ۾һ
֮ɫ 
ҡ㣬𣬱𿴡ߵú޲Ҹطȥ 
ŵٶ̵İǻδţֱ̧ͷŶɳ
㣬ô³˼һǵһΣ˭ܵһﰡ 
ѾˣС塣˵ţ̶Ц
˵𱦱 
԰ŵٺ˽һһ͵ĵ飬ζܵˣ
ȻҲ֪ʱ˿Լϵ⣬ˣҲ㲻ˣֻн
۾ 
ɷϵǣȷᣬһֱû
̸оһʼ˺Ѱľʹһȥֱʱ˸е
еЩԼе֮ûʵĸоˡ 
ˣֺһҲûţ˫ɵĴһ̵ֱ
С֮ţᣬḧëڸŪһĴ
С´飻ڲͣ˵Ŷ˵黰ʱʱĶ
ϺŪĶ 
̵ĵһξôϡͿʧȥˣͬʱҲϡͿĳ
Ůѡʵϣ̵ȷϲ𣬵һʼͰŵһ
ΪŮѣͬӵһ򲻿ܴӦġ 
Ȼڲͬˣ̵ĴŮ֮ڰŵٵļ֤ʧȥģ
⣬أ߳ܵһ涼ޱչ˰ŵٵǰܾͲ
ĸеôôĺ޵ 
ǣ̰ưͣĬ˵Ĺϵӵұ֮
ȻˣһʼôҲ޷ŰŵٵȣϾһμ
ǿȵ£ҪԸĺͰŵһͬôҲ
鳡ӣŮ˵ĸ֣Ů˵аŵ٣
Ǹƴӣ˿ջ£ûмֶ
ȫˡ 
ֽεĹϵ̾ĬϵĽˣʵһֱ
ųģֳãȶͷʽİ飬񵱳ܰ
ȻǺЦƵģƫƧһӢ
ȴ˵ˣڳٵĵ·ԽԽԶ 
ΨһֵðοǣԴĬ˵Ĺϵ֮Ļƺõ
ټŮüŪˣرҹܻЩŮɣ
ǰǺЩŮ壬Ȼĵ飬Դˣŵ
Σֻһֻ۱һֻۣӹˣʼŮĿŵս
ٵĵλѡ 
Ҳ£ŵٲŴ̺̲ô˵Ҳ
ԼѣĵЩ۵Ůǿ
࣬żϡ 
ڿŵٸоԼˣЩŮ˹ȻȤС
࣬ÿ϶صǵĳݣһǾ԰ 
˵Ҳջǲûз̫۾ܵ԰
ζ͵£ƴͿʼһ԰ã
ڵŪ¼ÿһζܴﵽ߳ 
ģ԰ʳ֪ζϲ
ϲվ˵ǰֻǱǼӢ˧
ĻôǶԼǹ˵ԼɣǺߣ
ȫǻµ԰ֶκǿҡ
˵ 
ʼյĿľǮϧȥҹܻŮɣȥŦ
ԼΪܰһұŬȥ׬ǮһʡǮ
ĺǽڼǮٶ൱죬Ҳ൱һʴˣԴ
Ͱŵټһ֮ǮٶԽڼ
ˡ 
ԭͰŵٵ˼͸ûдǮһ˵ٻ
٣𣬻ǮǽһִţȻҲʱʱ̣
̸ǮԶϵǮǰ죬һأ
뻻ڿԴȻϵǮȴ״ŵٺԥĸ
Ͻеһأʣµȱȫϡ 
Ƶкܶ࣬̿µǮҲһļ٣ȴ
ۣΪĸԸǿЦһжֵ
õģֻżһ˶ʱҲãͰգòȥˣȻ
ȼʱһֱԺ 
ʱ־ͳһȥΪӿܾ
һֱȥʱͻȻһ벻£ķ״
ж԰ε̶˽ٲԨ 
                            δ